Marcos Hirata Soares

Famílias e casais: do sintoma ao sistema

O livro e baseado na terapia familiar estrutural, um seg-mento da teoria sistemica. O modelo estrutural importa os principais conceitos da teoria sistemica, mas foca na forma como a familia delimita as fronteiras entres seus membros (questao dos papeis desempenhados e os limites de cada um). Atraves de uma explicacao de tecnicas experimentadas e desenvolvidas pelos autores durante cerca de 5 decadas e de diversos estudos de casos clinicos, o livro se propoe a de-monstrar um modelo de quatro etapas para acessar e avaliar a familia, direcionando o processo terapeutico com ela.Embora o sofrimento e os diversos desajustes familiares tenham formas diferentes de entendimento segundo os lacos culturais de cada familia, os autores sugerem que a explicacao mais aceitavel para que suas teorias e tecnicas sejam validadas transculturalmente e que todas as pessoas estao sujeitas a for-mas comuns de ver e entender as relacoes familiares. Assim, os autores, enquanto terapeutas, oferecem as familias um tipo de estrutura familiar organizadora, capaz de explicar seus dile-mas, pois melhora a comunicacao e a compreensao mutua em familia, fazendo com que elas, ainda, utilizem esse modelo no seu dia a dia, trazendo inovacoes e ajustando-o as suas manei-ras individuais de ser.Este modelo acima e composto de quatro etapas e tem como meta descobrir o que impede a familia de atingir seus objetivos e, entao, unir-se a ela para conceber uma visao de como passar da fase atual para onde ela deseja estar. Essa complexa tarefa divide-se em quatro etapas, aqui descritas sucintamente:1)

Psychological concept of optimism and drug use among nursing students

Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.

Conceito psicológico de otimismo e uso de drogas entre estudantes de enfermagem

Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.

Tradução e adaptação cultural da Management of Aggression And Violence Attitude Scale – MAVAS – em enfermeiros brasileiros

This study translated and culturally adapted the Management of Aggression and Violence Attitude Scale – MAVAS – for use in Brazil (BR). The methodology followed the international guidelines for the cultural adaptation of psychometric scales: conceptual equivalence, semantic equivalence, items equivalence, and operational equivalence. A group of judges performed a content validity analysis that resulted in a 23-item scale divided into four factors with satisfactory content validity coefficients (CVCs) for the following parameters: clarity of language (CL; 0.88), practical relevance (PR; 0.91), and theoretical relevance (TR; 0.92). The data were collected in Londrina, state of Parana, BR in 2011. The MAVAS was translated and culturally adapted for use in BR, and the MAVAS-BR exhibited satisfactory content validity. Future studies concerning the MAVAS-BR are suggested, including the evaluation of psychometric qualities, such as its construct validity and reliability.This study translated and culturally adapted the Management of Aggression and Violence Attitude Scale - MAVAS - for use in Brazil (BR). The methodology followed the international guidelines for the cultural adaptation of psychometric scales: conceptual equivalence, semantic equivalence, items equivalence, and operational equivalence. A group of judges performed a content validity analysis that resulted in a 23-item scale divided into four factors with satisfactory content validity coefficients (CVCs) for the following parameters: clarity of language (CL; 0.88), practical relevance (PR; 0.91), and theoretical relevance (TR; 0.92). The data were collected in Londrina, state of Paraná, BR in 2011. The MAVAS was translated and culturally adapted for use in BR, and the MAVAS-BR exhibited satisfactory content validity. Future studies concerning the MAVAS-BR are suggested, including the evaluation of psychometric qualities, such as its construct validity and reliability.

Reliability and validity of the Management of Aggression and Violence Attitude Scale (MAVAS-BR) for use in Brazil

Background Aggression and violent behavior against health care professionals is a serious problem today and has aroused the interest of researchers and authorities. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Management of Aggression and Violence Attitude Scale – Brazil (MAVAS-BR) for use with Brazilian nurses. Method The MAVAS-BR was applied in a convenience sample of 262 nurses, the data were submitted to an exploratory factor analysis, and reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha. Results The MAVAS-BR is composed of 23 items distributed among four factors, and the Cronbach’s alpha was σ = 0.75. Discussion The MAVAS-BR is a reliable instrument for measuring the attitudes of Brazilian nurses facing aggression and violent behavior. The scale has shown to possess validity and the recommended reliability criteria; however, additional studies using this scale should be performed to offer further evidence of its validity in the context of Brazilian nursing.

Estudos sobre transtornos de personalidade Antissocial e Borderline

OBJECTIVE: This study had the objective of reviewing, in the literature, the diagnostic criteria and the intervention in personality disorders, Antisocial and Borderline types. METHODS: A manual research was performed in the authors private collection of books, selecting 12 references; other research has been systematically developed in the period 1990-2008, in January 2009, in the Virtual Health Library, selecting 23 papers. RESULTS: Our findings indicated two approaches - one that classifies as an illness, but that needs to review the diagnostic criteria and evaluation, and the second, that classifies them as moral problems. CONCLUSION: Regardless the type of approach, is necessary that nurses enhance their knowledge and understand the difficulty of this subject to relate properly with others; thus, it is crucial that members of the healthcare team examine their feelings, attitudes and reactions related to the clients behavior, since the relationship with this type of customer is considered one of the most complex in the mental health field.RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou revisar, na literatura, os criterios diagnosticos e as intervencoes nos transtornos de personalidade do tipo Antissocial e Borderline. Metodos: Uma pesquisa manual foi realizada no acervo bibliografico particular do autor, selecionando-se 12 referencias; outra pesquisa sistematizada foi desenvolvida no periodo de 1990 a 2008, no mes de janeiro de 2009, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saude, selecionando-se 23 artigos. Resultados: Os achados indicaram duas abordagens - uma que classifica como doenca, mas que necessita de revisao dos criterios diagnosticos e avaliacao e a segunda, que classifica como problemas morais. Conclusao: Independente da abordagem e necessario que o enfermeiro aprimore seu conhecimento e compreenda a dificuldade desse sujeito ao relacionar-se adequadamente com outras pessoas; assim, e de fundamental importância que os membros da equipe de saude analisem seus sentimentos, atitudes e reacoes em relacao ao comportamento do cliente, uma vez que a relacao com esta clientela e considerada uma das mais complexas em saude mental. Descritores: Transtornos da personalidade; Diagnostico; Avaliacao; Principios morais; Enfermagem psiquiatrica

Minor psychiatric disorders in nursing: prevalence and associated factors

OBJECTIVE to investigate the prevalence of Minor Psychiatric Disorders and associated factors in nursing workers. METHOD observational and analytical sectional study. Data were collected from 285 nursing workers. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic, occupational, psychosocial aspects of work and mental health was used. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed by binary logistic regression. RESULTS the global prevalence of suspected Minor Psychiatric Disorders among nursing workers was 32.6%. Higher prevalence rates were found among female, young, married/common-law married individuals, in the nursing assistant/technician categories, with income up to four minimum wages, developing high-demand work with low social support, high effort-reward imbalance, and over-commitment. CONCLUSION the variables that remained associated with the mental health outcome in the final model were: female gender, married/common-law married, high-demand work, high effort-reward imbalance, and over-commitment.

Concepto psicológico de optimismo y uso de drogas entre estudiantes de enfermería

Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.

Resenha do livro Psicoterapia interpessoal: guia prático do terapeuta

This book is aimed at those professionals who provide mental health services. According to its preface, it was written based on a method of psychotherapeutic treatment developed over a 30-year period and called interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). This method was initially aimed at major depression, but later it was adapted to other complex psychiatric disorders such as borderline personality. The objective of this work was to be an easy to read quick reference book, providing descriptions of the methods used to approach and manage clinical cases, based on the assumption that professionals (readers) have knowledge of psychotherapy and skills to manage people diagnosed with mood or anxiety disorders. It is worth emphasizing that although none of the works by Carl Rogers are mentioned in this book, its content is very similar to Rogers’s theory, except for the section regarding mood disorders, which is addressed in a thorough manner, including the approach to be used within each context. Rogers is considered to be the pioneer in the use of interpersonal relationship as a pedagogical and psychotherapeutic resource. The book was very well written, considering both the didactic and scientifi c point of view, that is, it is easy to read and understand, mentioning articles published in very important journals for the scientifi c and academic community.

Estudios sobre trastornos de personalidad Anti-social y Borderline

OBJECTIVE: This study had the objective of reviewing, in the literature, the diagnostic criteria and the intervention in personality disorders, Antisocial and Borderline types. METHODS: A manual research was performed in the authors private collection of books, selecting 12 references; other research has been systematically developed in the period 1990-2008, in January 2009, in the Virtual Health Library, selecting 23 papers. RESULTS: Our findings indicated two approaches - one that classifies as an illness, but that needs to review the diagnostic criteria and evaluation, and the second, that classifies them as moral problems. CONCLUSION: Regardless the type of approach, is necessary that nurses enhance their knowledge and understand the difficulty of this subject to relate properly with others; thus, it is crucial that members of the healthcare team examine their feelings, attitudes and reactions related to the clients behavior, since the relationship with this type of customer is considered one of the most complex in the mental health field.RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou revisar, na literatura, os criterios diagnosticos e as intervencoes nos transtornos de personalidade do tipo Antissocial e Borderline. Metodos: Uma pesquisa manual foi realizada no acervo bibliografico particular do autor, selecionando-se 12 referencias; outra pesquisa sistematizada foi desenvolvida no periodo de 1990 a 2008, no mes de janeiro de 2009, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saude, selecionando-se 23 artigos. Resultados: Os achados indicaram duas abordagens - uma que classifica como doenca, mas que necessita de revisao dos criterios diagnosticos e avaliacao e a segunda, que classifica como problemas morais. Conclusao: Independente da abordagem e necessario que o enfermeiro aprimore seu conhecimento e compreenda a dificuldade desse sujeito ao relacionar-se adequadamente com outras pessoas; assim, e de fundamental importância que os membros da equipe de saude analisem seus sentimentos, atitudes e reacoes em relacao ao comportamento do cliente, uma vez que a relacao com esta clientela e considerada uma das mais complexas em saude mental. Descritores: Transtornos da personalidade; Diagnostico; Avaliacao; Principios morais; Enfermagem psiquiatrica