Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani

Violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes: características relativas à vitimização nas relações familiares

O objetivo deste estudo e analisar as caracteristicas relativas as vitimizacoes sexuais intrafamiliares cometidas contra grupos etarios categorizados segundo o criterio de idade estabelecido pelo Estatuto da Crianca e do Adolescente,atendidos no Centro de Referencia da Crianca e do Adolescente e nos Conselhos Tutelares de Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, no periodo de 1995 a 2000. Identificou-se 234 agressoes cometidas por 217 agressores contra 210 familias e 226 vitimas. Foram vitimizadas 131 criancas (48,7%) e 95 adolescentes (41,2%) com predominio do sexo feminino. Criancas com idade entre dez anos e um mes e 12 anos incompletos foram as mais atingidas (19,5%) e nos adolescentes, entre 12 e 14 anos completos (17,3%). A maioria das vitimas reside com familias que possuem tres (19,9%) ou quatro filhos (17,7%), sendo os primogenitos os mais agredidos (33,6%). Agressores unicos vitimizaram em sua maioria apenas uma vitima (86,7%). Pais (34,2%) e padrastos (30,3%) foram os que mais agrediram, com os primeiros vitimizando mais criancas (19,7%) e os segundos, adolescentes (17,1%).This study analyzes the characteristics of sexual abuse committed within the family against age groups classified according to the Brazilian Statute for Children and Adolescents (the prevailing legislation on matters pertaining to minors) and treated at the Reference Center for Children and Adolescents and the Guardianship Councils in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 1995 to 2000. Some 234 abuses were identified, committed by 217 aggressors, against 210 families and a total of 226 victims. A total of 131 children (48.7%) and 95 adolescents (41.2%), predominantly females, were victimized. Children ranging from 10 to 12 years were the most frequently abused (19.5%), as well as adolescents from 12 to 14 years old (17.3%). The majority of the victims live in families with 3 (19.9%) or 4 children (177%), and the firstborn are the most frequently abused (33.6%). The majority of aggressors who acted alone victimized only one individual (86.7%). Fathers (34.2%) and stepfathers (30.3%) were the most frequent aggressors, with the former victimizing more children (19.7%) and the latter adolescents (17.1%).

Desvendando a violência doméstica contra crianças e adolescentes sob a ótica dos operadores do direito na comarca de Jardinópolis-SP

Utilizando un abordaje cualitativo y considerandola como aquella capaz de profundizar en la complejidad de fenomenos, hechos, procesos particulares y especificos de grupos mas o menos delimitados en extension y capaces de ser afectados intensamente, este articulo tiene por objetivo identificar y analizar las percepciones de los operadores de derecho (promotor de justicia, asistente de promotoria, ayudante de justicia y juez de derecho) sobre los aspectos generadores de la violencia domestica en ninos y adolescentes. El estudio fue desarrollado en el Foro de la Comarca de Jardinopolis-SP, Brasil. Los resultados fueron obtenidos por medio del analisis de contenido, modalidad tematica. Los operadores de derecho atribuyen los aspectos generadores de la violencia domestica a la falta de estructura familiar, precarias condiciones socioeconomicas, inestabilidad conyugal, enfermedad mental, alcoholismo y ausencia de politicas sociales a las demandas.Using a grounded qualitative and considering it as capable of expanding the complexity of phenomena, facts, particular and specific processes concerning groups fairly delimitated in extension and that can be intensively affected, this article aims at identifying and analyzing the perceptions of law professionals (prosecutors, prosecution assistants, judicial deputies and judges) concerning the aspects triggering violence against children and adolescents at home. The study was conducted at the Forum of the Municipality of Jardinopolis.- SP, Brazil The results were obtained by means of content analysis, thematic modality. Law professionals attribute the aspects that trigger violence at home to the lack of family structure, precarious social and economic conditions, unstable marriages, mental disorder, alcoholism as well as to the lack of social policies to meet social demands.

Sexualidade na adolescência: um estudo bibliográfico

This is a bibliographical study that aimed at pointing out the history of sexuality as well as its cultural, social and religious influences. The goals were to find out in literature the causes of the difficulties faced by the actual men to approach themes related to sexuality mainly with their adolescent children that need this orientation in order to live a safier and healthier sexuality.This is a bibliographical study that aimed at pointing out the history of sexuality as well as its cultural, social and religious influences. The goals were to find out in literature the causes of the difficulties faced by the actual men to approach themes related to sexuality mainly with their adolescent children that need this orientation in order to live a safer and healthier sexuality.

A sexualidade para o adolescente em situação de rua em Goiânia

This study aimed at reflecting on the sexuality for adolescents living on the street, based on their point of view. Authors used a qualitative approach in order to identify general aspects related to the sexuality of adolescents living on the street in Goiânia. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Results showed that these adolescents consider the sexuality reduced to the sexual act, and that even on the streets they are not deprived of it. Also, the prevention is a practically non-existent attitude in their daily life. Thus, authors pointed out the importance of nurses commitment to that group through health education and promotion.This study aimed at reflecting on the sexuality for adolescents living on the street, based on their point of view. Authors used a qualitative approach in order to identify general aspects related to the sexuality of adolescents living on the street in Goiânia. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Results showed that these adolescents consider the sexuality reduced to the sexual act, and that even on the streets they are not deprived of it. Also, the prevention is a practically non-existent attitude in their daily life. Thus, authors pointed out the importance of nurses commitment to that group through health education and promotion.

A importância da saúde bucal para adolescentes de diferentes estratos sociais do município de Ribeirão Preto

The objective of the present study is to know the importance of buccal health for adolescents of different social strata, identifying the importance of dental aesthetics, and the care that these students take in relation to their buccal health. The methodological process adopted in this investigation is of qualitative nature, using as technique of collection of data the semi-structured interview. We know the importance of buccal health in several contexts of their lives, as in their personal appearance, sexuality, employment, and general health. This investigation allows us to know the motivations of adolescents to preserve their buccal health, and we believe to be so valid to develop health promotionh through health education.The objective of the present study is to know the importance of buccal health for adolescents of different social strata, identifying the importance of dental aesthetics, and the care that these students take in relation to their buccal health. The methodological process adopted in this investigation is of qualitative nature, using as technique of collection of data the semi-structured interview. We know the importance of buccal health in several contexts of their lives, as in their personal appearance, sexuality, employment, and general health. This investigation allows us to know the motivations of adolescents to preserve their buccal health, and we believe to be so valid to develop health promotionh through health education.

Historical and social aspects of halitosis

Buccal odors have always been a factor of concern for society. This study aims to investigate the historical and social base of halitosis, through systematized research in the database BVS (biblioteca virtual em saude - virtual library in health) and also in books. Lack of knowledge on how to prevent halitosis allows for its occurrence, limiting quality of life. As social relationships are one of the pillars of the quality of life concept, halitosis needs to be considered a factor of negative interference. Education in health should be accomplished with a view to a dynamic balance, involving human beings’ physical and psychological aspects, as well as their social interactions, so that individuals do not become jigsaw puzzles of sick parts.

Female victims of sexual abuse: coercive methods and non-genital injuries

This study aims to analyze the coercive methods used by sex offenders and the occurrence of non-genital injuries in female children, adolescent, and adult victims of sexual abuse reported to the Womens Police Precinct and examined at the Department of Forensic Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 1996 to 2000. Age distribution followed the criteria established by Brazils Statute for Children and Adolescents (the prevailing legislation on issues pertaining to minors). Physical violence was the most frequently used form of coercion against adults (44.1%) and adolescents (25.0%), followed by serious threat in 36.5% and 17.0% of the cases, respectively. Presumed violence by innocentia consilii occurred in 94.1% of the children and 42.8% of the adolescents. Minor non-genital injuries were found in 7.8% of the cases, involving children (3.0%), adolescents (7.2%), and adults (14.4%), with no weapons involved in 75.0% of these cases. A decrease in the number of cases with injuries was observed in relation to knives (14.3%) and handguns (10.7%) used against adult and adolescent victims.

Análise espacial da vulnerabilidade social da gravidez na adolescência

The purpose of this study was to present a spatial analysis of the social vulnerability of teenage pregnancy by geoprocessing data on births and deaths present on the Brazilian Ministry of Health databases in order to support intersectoral management actions and strategies based on spatial analysis in neighborhood areas. The thematic maps of the educational, occupational, birth and marital status of mothers, from all births and deaths in the city, presented a spatial correlation with teenage pregnancy. These maps were superimposed to produce social vulnerability map of adolescent pregnancy and women in general. This process presents itself as a powerful tool for the study of social vulnerability.

Primary care nurses' approach to cases of violence against children

In Primary Care, the field of nursing comes face-to-face with the complexity of violence, leading these professionals to constantly re-evaluate their habitus. Objective: to analyze how cases of violence against children and adolescents are approached by primary care nurses, identifying limits and possibilities for dealing with these cases. Method: a qualitative study, undertaken in 2011, through semi-structured interviews with 8 out of 48 nurses in the Family Health teams in the city of Uberaba in the state of Minas Gerais, the analysis of which followed the interpretation of meanings, based in dialectical hermeneutics. Results: the following stand out: non-identification of violence as a problem for the nurses; denunciations and notifications as a role of the nurses; and the limits found in the face of violence. Conclusion: it is determined that the habitus of nursing directed at health promotion and prevention of violence must be restructured, overcoming the biomedical paradigm and involving intersectorial and multidisciplinary actions.UNLABELLED In Primary Care, the field of nursing comes face-to-face with the complexity of violence, leading these professionals to constantly re-evaluate their habitus. OBJECTIVE to analyze how cases of violence against children and adolescents are approached by primary care nurses, identifying limits and possibilities for dealing with these cases. METHOD a qualitative study, undertaken in 2011, through semi-structured interviews with 8 out of 48 nurses in the Family Health teams in the city of Uberaba in the state of Minas Gerais, the analysis of which followed the interpretation of meanings, based in dialectical hermeneutics. RESULTS the following stand out: non-identification of violence as a problem for the nurses; denunciations and notifications as a role of the nurses; and the limits found in the face of violence. CONCLUSION it is determined that the habitus of nursing directed at health promotion and prevention of violence must be restructured, overcoming the biomedical paradigm and involving intersectorial and multidisciplinary actions.

Domestic violence: from the visible to the invisible

This study aimed to identify and analyze notifications of domestic violence against children registered at the Regional Health Services in Guarulhos, Sao Paulo, Brazil; the limitations imposed to health professionals’ actions and the meaning of domestic violence against children in the health professionals’ routine. The notifications registered between 2001 and 2002 were characterized in order to better understand this reality and also to support the collected data through the qualitative approach. There is a predominance of negligence cases 45%, while 26% of the notifications related to physical violence and 14% to suspected sexual violence. Social workers registered the highest number of notifications, 46%. Based on the social agents’ discourse, we identified two empirical categories: “interfaces of the violence” and “fear”.