Mariana Firmino Daré

Percepções de mães de prematuros acerca da vivência em um programa educativo

OBJETIVO: Analizar la percepcion de madres de prematuros sobre la vivencia en un Programa de Educacion en Salud utilizando metodologia participativa. METODOS: Participaron 38 madres de prematuros internados en una unidad neonatal. El Programa, visando construir conocimientos sobre los cuidados con el prematuro, consistio en la entrega de una cartilla educativa a las madres para la lectura y posterior participacion en actividades grupales, fundamentadas en el referencial de la problematizacion de Paulo Freire, con estimulo a la expresion de las percepciones respecto a la vivencia en el Programa. Se llevo a cabo el analisis tematico de los discursos de las madres. RESULTADOS: Se construyeron cuatro nucleos tematicos: el aprendizaje proporcionado por el Programa; la creacion de posibilidades de socializar el conocimiento con la familia; el Programa como espacio para la relajacion y la escucha; y desarrollando el vinculo afectivo con otras madres y con la enfermera. CONCLUSION: Frente a los resultados positivos de este estudio, se recomienda que los programas educativos de esa naturaleza y ampliados con la participacion de otros miembros de la familia del prematuro sean implantados en otras unidades neonatales.

Human milk for neonatal pain relief during ophthalmoscopy

Ophthalmoscopy performed for the early diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is painful for preterm infants, thus necessitating interventions for minimizing pain. The present study aimed to establish the effectiveness of human milk, compared with sucrose, for pain relief in premature infants subjected to ophthalmoscopy for the early diagnosis of ROP. This investigation was a pilot, quasi-experimental study conducted with 14 premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a university hospital. Comparison between the groups did not yield a statistically significant difference relative to the crying time, salivary cortisol, or heart rate (HR). Human milk appears to be as effective as sucrose in relieving acute pain associated with ophthalmoscopy. The studys limitations included its small sample size and lack of randomization. Experimental investigations with greater sample power should be performed to reinforce the evidence found in the present study.

O leite humano no alívio da dor neonatal no exame de fundo de olho

Ophthalmoscopy performed for the early diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is painful for preterm infants, thus necessitating interventions for minimizing pain. The present study aimed to establish the effectiveness of human milk, compared with sucrose, for pain relief in premature infants subjected to ophthalmoscopy for the early diagnosis of ROP. This investigation was a pilot, quasi-experimental study conducted with 14 premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a university hospital. Comparison between the groups did not yield a statistically significant difference relative to the crying time, salivary cortisol, or heart rate (HR). Human milk appears to be as effective as sucrose in relieving acute pain associated with ophthalmoscopy. The studys limitations included its small sample size and lack of randomization. Experimental investigations with greater sample power should be performed to reinforce the evidence found in the present study.

Dimensionamento dos procedimentos dolorosos e intervenções para alívio da dor aguda em prematuros

Objective: to dimension the exposure of premature infants to painful procedures, relating the distribution of the exposure to contextual factors, as well as to describe the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions health professionals use during the first two weeks of the infant’s hospitalization at two neonatal services. Method: descriptive-exploratory study in which the professionals registered the painful procedures and pain relief interventions on a specific form in the patient file. Results: the daily average of the 89 premature infants was 5.37 painful procedures, corresponding to 6.56 during the first week of hospitalization and 4.18 during the second week (p<0.0001). The most frequent procedures were nasal/oral (35.85%) and tracheal aspirations (17.17%). The children under invasive ventilation were the most exposed to painful procedures (71.2%). Only 44.9% of the painful procedures received some intervention for the purpose of pain relief, the most frequent being sucrose (78.21%) and continuing sedation (19.82%). Conclusion: acute pain was undertreated at these neonatal services, recommending greater sensitization of the team for the effective use of the existing protocol and implementation of other knowledge transfer strategies to improve neonatal pain management.ABSTRACT Objective: to dimension the exposure of premature infants to painful procedures, relating the distribution of the exposure to contextual factors, as well as to describe the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions health professionals use during the first two weeks of the infant’s hospitalization at two neonatal services. Method: descriptive-exploratory study in which the professionals registered the painful procedures and pain relief interventions on a specific form in the patient file. Results: the daily average of the 89 premature infants was 5.37 painful procedures, corresponding to 6.56 during the first week of hospitalization and 4.18 during the second week (p<0.0001). The most frequent procedures were nasal/oral (35.85%) and tracheal aspirations (17.17%). The children under invasive ventilation were the most exposed to painful procedures (71.2%). Only 44.9% of the painful procedures received some intervention for the purpose of pain relief, the most frequent being sucrose (78.21%) and continuing sedation (19.82%). Conclusion: acute pain was undertreated at these neonatal services, recommending greater sensitization of the team for the effective use of the existing protocol and implementation of other knowledge transfer strategies to improve neonatal pain management.

Atitudes dos profissionais de saúde na avaliação e tratamento da dor neonatal

Objectives: To describe and analyze the attitudes of health professionals in relation to the evaluation and treatment of pain in newborns undergoing painful procedures in neonatal units. Methods: This descriptive, exploratory, quantitative study was performed in a maternity hospital in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Participants were 42 nursing assistants/technicians, 22 nurses, 20 physicians and 02 physical therapists. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire covering the profile of the health professionals and their attitudes in the assessment and treatment of pain. Results: It was found that the professionals mentioned assessing NB pain through behavioral parameters, however, did not use scales and did not perform this evaluation systematically. The majority of the nursing professionals used non-pharmacological measures for pain relief, with wrapping being the most used. Conclusion: There is a difference between what is prescribed and what is performed, indicating the existence of a gap between existing knowledge and the practice. Attitudes need to be changed and actions implemented according to the best available evidence.Objetivos: Describir y analizar las actitudes de los profesionales de salud con relacion a la evaluacion y el tratamiento del dolor en recien nacidos sometidos a procedimientos dolorosos en una unidad neonatal. Metodos: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, con analisis cuantitativo, realizado en una maternidad en la ciudad de Rio de Janeiro. Participaron 42 auxiliares/tecnicos de enfermeria, 22 enfermeras, 20 medicos y dos fisioterapeutas. Los datos se recogieron mediante un cuestionario autoaplicable referente al perfil de los profesionales de salud y las actitudes en la evaluacion y tratamiento del dolor. Resultados: La evaluacion del dolor RN se hace por parametros de comportamiento, pero sin escalas o evaluacion sistematica. La mayoria de los profesionales utiliza medidas no farmacologicas para aliviar el dolor. Conclusion: Hay diferencia entre lo prescrito y lo administrado, evidenciando una laguna entre la practica y el conocimiento existente. Las actitudes necesitan ser cambiadas y manipuladas para una mejor evidencia disponible.

La leche humana en el alivio del dolor neonatal en el examen de fondo de ojo

Ophthalmoscopy performed for the early diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is painful for preterm infants, thus necessitating interventions for minimizing pain. The present study aimed to establish the effectiveness of human milk, compared with sucrose, for pain relief in premature infants subjected to ophthalmoscopy for the early diagnosis of ROP. This investigation was a pilot, quasi-experimental study conducted with 14 premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a university hospital. Comparison between the groups did not yield a statistically significant difference relative to the crying time, salivary cortisol, or heart rate (HR). Human milk appears to be as effective as sucrose in relieving acute pain associated with ophthalmoscopy. The studys limitations included its small sample size and lack of randomization. Experimental investigations with greater sample power should be performed to reinforce the evidence found in the present study.

Percepciones de madres de prematuros acerca de la vivencia en un programa de educación en salud

OBJETIVO: Analizar la percepcion de madres de prematuros sobre la vivencia en un Programa de Educacion en Salud utilizando metodologia participativa. METODOS: Participaron 38 madres de prematuros internados en una unidad neonatal. El Programa, visando construir conocimientos sobre los cuidados con el prematuro, consistio en la entrega de una cartilla educativa a las madres para la lectura y posterior participacion en actividades grupales, fundamentadas en el referencial de la problematizacion de Paulo Freire, con estimulo a la expresion de las percepciones respecto a la vivencia en el Programa. Se llevo a cabo el analisis tematico de los discursos de las madres. RESULTADOS: Se construyeron cuatro nucleos tematicos: el aprendizaje proporcionado por el Programa; la creacion de posibilidades de socializar el conocimiento con la familia; el Programa como espacio para la relajacion y la escucha; y desarrollando el vinculo afectivo con otras madres y con la enfermera. CONCLUSION: Frente a los resultados positivos de este estudio, se recomienda que los programas educativos de esa naturaleza y ampliados con la participacion de otros miembros de la familia del prematuro sean implantados en otras unidades neonatales.