Marina Dantas de Figueiredo

Do Ecoambientalismo à Sustentabilidade: notas críticas sobre a relação organização-natureza nos Estudos Organizacionais

Este trabalho tem dois objetivos: 1) resgatar uma perspectiva critica sobre a relacao existente entre organizacao e ambiente, a partir do paradigma ecologico; 2) provocar uma reflexao sobre os limites que a visao antropocentrica hegemonica tem imposto aos Estudos Organizacionais. Nesse percurso, que comeca com uma breve revisao de literatura sobre a relacao entre organizacoes e ambiente, analisamos a consolidacao do discurso do desenvolvimento sustentavel enquanto tema dominante e apontamos suas limitacoes. Como alternativa critica, propomos o paradigma ecologico como uma visao pos-humanista sobre o conceito de organizacoes. Nele, cultura e natureza nao designam perspectivas ontologicas, mas contextos relacionais. O entendimento de que humanos e objetos estao ligados por uma sociabilidade comum inscrita no ambiente depende da enfase nas redes que constituem as organizacoes. Assim, abre-se a possibilidade de resgatar o sentido das mesmas no entendimento dos processos de (trans)formacao do humano e da materialidade no ambiente.

El Poder del Gerencialismo en la Organización de la Artesanía Local

El termino “desierto alimentario” son a aquellas areas que se caracterizan por la escasez o ausencia de comercios de alimentacion. Los primeros estudios localizaron tales areas en los barrios socialmente desfavorecidos de las ciudades, cuyo limitado acceso a los supermercados condicionaria la dieta y la salud de sus residentes. Sin embargo, estas afirmaciones no han estado exentas de polemica. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una aproximacion teorica al concepto de “desierto alimentario”. Para ello, en primer lugar, se definen que son y cuales han sido las principales aportaciones a su estudio. En segundo lugar, se exponen las criticas y el debate que han surgido en los ultimos anos en diferentes paises. Las conclusiones muestran la complejidad del estudio del acceso a la alimentacion debido a los multiples factores que intervienen en la oferta y el consumo alimentario.Resumen Despues de que en 1995 la Union Europea comenzara las negociaciones para un acuerdo de asociacion con el mercosur , finalmente, ha sido el proceso de integracion centroamericano el primero en consensuar un acuerdo historico con el bloque europeo, que se constituye en el primer pacto inter-regional de la historia, que engloba tres pilares: el dialogo politico, el comercial y de inversiones y la cooperacion para el desarrollo. Se trata de un acuerdo que no deja indiferente a nadie, no solo por sus diferencias con el rd - cafta , sino por la apertura a nuevos mercados que satisfacen las necesidades de unos, mientras empeoran los problemas de otros. Sin duda, servira de modelo para los convenios sucesivos entre la Union Europea y el mercosur , la Comunidad, la asean o el ccgResumen El articulo presenta una reflexion acerca de las decisiones tomadas en relacion con la politica y la economia de Irak desde el momento de la invasion de Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido. Mas alla de centrarse en la discusion sobre la legitimidad de la invasion, se presenta un debate sobre las consecuencias que las contradicciones en las decisiones tomadas y la ausencia de una estrategia economica, social y politica han ocasionado en el pais. Se ponen de manifiesto los actores, intereses, relaciones de poder y decisiones tomadas en diferentes momentos del llamado proceso de transicion que se pone en cuestion. Abstract The article deals with a reflection about the decisions taken in relation to Iraq politics and economy from the moment of USA and United Kingdom invasion. Beyond focusing on the discussion about the legitimacy of the invasion, a debate is presented about the consequences originated by the contradictions in the decisions taken and the absence of a political, social and economic strategy. Actors, concerns, power relationships and decisions taken in different moments of the so called transition process that is questioned, Guerra, sociedad civil, politica internacional.come into scene.RESUMEN Los principales aciertos y desaciertos del programa de becas ALBAN son considerados, en este articulo, como representativos de la dinamica de cooperacion entre la Union Europea y America Latina. Sobre esta base, se analizan de forma sintetica, sus resultados mas importantes. Siendo asi, el presente articulo pretende contribuir con el diseno de instrumentos mas eficaces de cooperacion que dinamicen las relaciones entre estas dos regiones durante el periodo 2014-2020.Social protest is characterized by coordinated efforts and new organization red performance that emphasized cultural codes and communitarian roles. Theses mobilization and organization forms call attention of mass media, people in general and stimulating academic thinking with different approaches as well as new social movements (NSM). Different forms social organization has been presence in last decade in Tandil city, Argentina. Protest related with environmental effect mine’s activity, or actions against polluted activities, and so on. Particularly, we characterized water’s fight process a local level since historiography and documental information. This allowed us detecting conceptual analogy with similar process globally called new social movements.

Empreendedorismo feminino no artesanato: uma análise crítica do caso das rendeiras dos morros da Mariana

This article aims to discuss female entrepreneurship from a critical perspective, supported by feminist theories based on the relationship between work and social practices. The objective is to understand how female entrepreneurial action can lead to female emancipation. The complexity of the study relies on the chosen research object, which is the entrepreneurial initiatives of woman that work with craft activities. Through a case study, we explore the causes and consequences of the actions of the entrepreneurs organized in the Lace-Makers Association of Morros da Mariana, that produces bilro lace in the city of Ilha Grande, Piaui, through the standpoint of power relations and gender. The research finding points out the link between lace-maker´s artisanal activities and the reinforcement of traditional gender roles. As a conclusion, we acknowledged that even if production and the sales of lace may be a source of incomes for the group of woman drown together in the Association, the entrepreneurial activity based on craft is not an emancipator act that can subvert the unequal power distribution between man and woman in society. Following this conclusion, we recommend that further studies should take as research object the female entrepreneurial activity based on traditional craftwork.

DE ARTESÃO A EMPREENDEDOR: A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DO TRABALHO ARTESANAL COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA A REPRODUÇÃO DE RELAÇÕES DESIGUAIS DE PODER

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, an activity as old as the craft has been the target of economic incentives from the state and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) operating in Brazil. Intervention actions taken by organizations like the Brazilian Service of Support for Micro and Small Enterprises (Sebrae), aims to transform the Brazilian handicraft production in a generating activity of employment and income, linked to the international consumer circuits and/or tourist activity. In examining the proposals that underlie such interventions, is notorious the speech re-framing craft and artisan identity, through the enhancement of entrepreneurial action and the emphasis on management and on the urgent need to impose to the craftsmanship standards of competitiveness inherent in the capitalist economy. But the new entrepreneurs-artisans have in the redefinition of its activity the appearance of a social integration that fails to materialize itself. Because of the intervention processes that have re-framed the Brazilian handicraft production, we observe certain loss of material and symbolic traits that are peculiar to the craft production, culminating in the naturalization of the entrepreneurial ideology as a model for the configuration of the craft. In this context, what happens is the mere incorporation of more and more people entangled in the world-system that feeds the matrix of the modern/colonial capitalist power. And this process, which emphasizes enterprisation of crafts, trivializes as much as it reproduces the idea of development as a synonym for expansion of consumption capacity. The logic behind this ideology is the notion that the proclaimed freedom that would be inherent in the neoliberal policy lies in the potential of the consumer individual. A commoditization of craft closes a cycle that ultimately remove the autonomy of the craftsman, removes it from an emancipatory perspective and reproduces a situation of dependence in which there is no prospect of change. Social inclusion is a euphemism for the incorporation of new consumers in the mass market.

FROM ARTISAN TO ENTREPRENEUR: THE REFRAIMING OF CRAFT WORK AS A STRATEGY FOR REPRODUCTION OF UNEQUAL POWER RELATIONS

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, an activity as old as the craft has been the target of economic incentives from the state and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) operating in Brazil. Intervention actions taken by organizations like the Brazilian Service of Support for Micro and Small Enterprises (Sebrae), aims to transform the Brazilian handicraft production in a generating activity of employment and income, linked to the international consumer circuits and/or tourist activity. In examining the proposals that underlie such interventions, is notorious the speech re-framing craft and artisan identity, through the enhancement of entrepreneurial action and the emphasis on management and on the urgent need to impose to the craftsmanship standards of competitiveness inherent in the capitalist economy. But the new entrepreneurs-artisans have in the redefinition of its activity the appearance of a social integration that fails to materialize itself. Because of the intervention processes that have re-framed the Brazilian handicraft production, we observe certain loss of material and symbolic traits that are peculiar to the craft production, culminating in the naturalization of the entrepreneurial ideology as a model for the configuration of the craft. In this context, what happens is the mere incorporation of more and more people entangled in the world-system that feeds the matrix of the modern/colonial capitalist power. And this process, which emphasizes enterprisation of crafts, trivializes as much as it reproduces the idea of development as a synonym for expansion of consumption capacity. The logic behind this ideology is the notion that the proclaimed freedom that would be inherent in the neoliberal policy lies in the potential of the consumer individual. A commoditization of craft closes a cycle that ultimately remove the autonomy of the craftsman, removes it from an emancipatory perspective and reproduces a situation of dependence in which there is no prospect of change. Social inclusion is a euphemism for the incorporation of new consumers in the mass market.

DE ARTESANO A EMPREENDEDOR: LA RESSIGNIFICACIÓN DEL TRABAJO ARTESANAL COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA LA REPRODUCIÓN DE RELACIONES DESIGUALES DE PODER

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, an activity as old as the craft has been the target of economic incentives from the state and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) operating in Brazil. Intervention actions taken by organizations like the Brazilian Service of Support for Micro and Small Enterprises (Sebrae), aims to transform the Brazilian handicraft production in a generating activity of employment and income, linked to the international consumer circuits and/or tourist activity. In examining the proposals that underlie such interventions, is notorious the speech re-framing craft and artisan identity, through the enhancement of entrepreneurial action and the emphasis on management and on the urgent need to impose to the craftsmanship standards of competitiveness inherent in the capitalist economy. But the new entrepreneurs-artisans have in the redefinition of its activity the appearance of a social integration that fails to materialize itself. Because of the intervention processes that have re-framed the Brazilian handicraft production, we observe certain loss of material and symbolic traits that are peculiar to the craft production, culminating in the naturalization of the entrepreneurial ideology as a model for the configuration of the craft. In this context, what happens is the mere incorporation of more and more people entangled in the world-system that feeds the matrix of the modern/colonial capitalist power. And this process, which emphasizes enterprisation of crafts, trivializes as much as it reproduces the idea of development as a synonym for expansion of consumption capacity. The logic behind this ideology is the notion that the proclaimed freedom that would be inherent in the neoliberal policy lies in the potential of the consumer individual. A commoditization of craft closes a cycle that ultimately remove the autonomy of the craftsman, removes it from an emancipatory perspective and reproduces a situation of dependence in which there is no prospect of change. Social inclusion is a euphemism for the incorporation of new consumers in the mass market.