Marinês Aires

Functional capacity of elder elderly: comparative study in three regions of Rio Grande do Sul

Study conducted with secondary data from cross-sectional population-based studies developed in three regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), which aimed to compare the level of dependency for activities of daily living (ADL) of 155 older persons aged 80 years and over. Demographic data and the ADL scale from the 3 studies were used and a multinomial multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out. The older persons from the urban region of Porto Alegre/RS and from the Northern region of this state presented significantly higher severe dependency than people from the countryside. The results illustrate the heterogeneity of the aging process. Health policies and actions should be planned for the elder elderly in this state.Estudo realizado com dados secundarios de pesquisas populacionais transversais, desenvolvidas em tres regioes do Rio Grande do Sul, que teve por objetivo comparar o grau de dependencia para as atividades de vida diaria (AVD) de 155 idosos com 80 anos ou mais. Foram utilizadas questoes demograficas e a escala de AVD dos tres estudos e realizada analise multivariavel de regressao logistica multinomial. Os idosos da regiao urbana de Porto Alegre, RS, e do norte do Estado apresentaram, de modo estatisticamente significativo, maior dependencia grave que aqueles da regiao rural. Os resultados demonstram a heterogeneidade do processo de envelhecimento, levando a se recomendar o planejamento de politicas e acoes de saude a esse grupo etario no Estado.

Transcultural adaptation of the filial responsibility interview schedule for Brazil

BACKGROUND In developed countries, filial responsibility in relation to caring for elderly parents has been systematically studied. In Brazil and other developing countries, however, it is a relatively new topic and has not yet been included in the research agenda on ageing. OBJECTIVE To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the qualitative phase of the filial responsibility interview schedule into Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS An expert committee of six team members participated in the study. In addition, individual interviews were held with 11 caregivers of older persons to evaluate the quality of the final Portuguese version of the schedule. The process included examining conceptual, item, semantic and operational equivalencies. Conceptual and item equivalencies were based on a literature review and on discussions with the expert committee. Semantic equivalence was attained through translation, back-translation, expert committee evaluation and pre-testing. The final version was pre-tested in caregivers of older persons enrolled in the home care programme of a primary health care service in Southern Brazil. RESULTS Conceptual, item, semantic and operational equivalencies were attained. Through the interviews, responses to the open-ended questions concerning filial responsibility in the care for elderly parents pertained to the following categories: possibility of institutionalization of elderly parents, caregiver expectations, difficulties in being a child caregiver and responsibility as a natural process. CONCLUSION The Portuguese version presented good semantic equivalence and the results showed that the concepts and items are applicable to the Brazilian context.

Aging, diversity, and health: the Brazilian and the Canadian context

Aging is a universal and yet diverse phenomenon. This paper presents a review on the topic of diversity in the context of the aging populations in Brazil and Canada. The diversity of the aging population in both countries is discussed in terms of gender, ethnicity, age groups and living conditions while considering the impact on the health care systems. Understanding and reflecting on the Brazilian and Canadian realities reinforces the need for respecting these diversities when developing and implementing local health policies and interventions. There are some similarities regarding gender, but marked differences in immigration patterns, education and living arrangements. The heterogeneity in the aging process within each country and between them carries different expectations and generates social consequences that manifest themselves in differences in health situations, resulting in new challenges to health services and the formulation of public policies for this age group in both countries.

Adaptation and validation of the Caregiver Burden Inventory for use with caregivers of elderly individuals

OBJECTIVE: to adapt and validate the Caregiver Burden Inventory for use with caregivers of older adults in Brazil. METHOD: methodological study involving initial translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, expert committee review, pre-testing, submission of the final version to the original authors, and assessment of the inventorys psychometric properties. The inventory assesses five dimensions of caregiver burden: time-dependence, developmental, physical, social and emotional dimensions. RESULTS: a total of 120 family caregivers took part in the study. All care-receivers were older adults dependent on assistance to perform activities of daily living, and lived in the central region of the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Cronbachs alpha value for the inventory was 0.936, and the Pearson correlation coefficient for the relationship between the scores obtained on the Caregiver Burden Inventory and the Burden Interview was 0.814. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.941, and the value of Students T-test comparing test and retest scores was 0.792. CONCLUSION: the instrument presented adequate reliability and the suitability of its items and factors was confirmed in this study.en Brasil” presentada en la Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Apoyo financiero del Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa e Eventos (FIPE) / Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Brasil, proceso no 13-0500, Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Brasil, proceso no 942309, y Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS), Brasil, proceso no 20794.

Capacidade funcional de idosos mais velhos: estudo comparativo em três regiões do Rio Grande do Sul

Study conducted with secondary data from cross-sectional population-based studies developed in three regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), which aimed to compare the level of dependency for activities of daily living (ADL) of 155 older persons aged 80 years and over. Demographic data and the ADL scale from the 3 studies were used and a multinomial multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out. The older persons from the urban region of Porto Alegre/RS and from the Northern region of this state presented significantly higher severe dependency than people from the countryside. The results illustrate the heterogeneity of the aging process. Health policies and actions should be planned for the elder elderly in this state.Estudo realizado com dados secundarios de pesquisas populacionais transversais, desenvolvidas em tres regioes do Rio Grande do Sul, que teve por objetivo comparar o grau de dependencia para as atividades de vida diaria (AVD) de 155 idosos com 80 anos ou mais. Foram utilizadas questoes demograficas e a escala de AVD dos tres estudos e realizada analise multivariavel de regressao logistica multinomial. Os idosos da regiao urbana de Porto Alegre, RS, e do norte do Estado apresentaram, de modo estatisticamente significativo, maior dependencia grave que aqueles da regiao rural. Os resultados demonstram a heterogeneidade do processo de envelhecimento, levando a se recomendar o planejamento de politicas e acoes de saude a esse grupo etario no Estado.

Prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis na visão de idosos de uma Estratégia da Saúde da Família

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar o conhecimento de pessoas idosas sobre as acoes preventivas para as doencas sexualmente transmissiveis (DSTs) no contexto da Estrategia Saude da Familia (ESF). Trata-se de um estudo transversal, envolvendo 94 pessoas idosas, idade ≥60 anos, adstritas a ESF na Serra Gaucha. Os resultados apontam paridade na amostra para vida sexual ativa e predominância da atividade sexual com o mesmo parceiro. As pessoas idosas tem conhecimento de como evitar as DSTs, sendo enfatico o uso de preservativos. A maioria relatou que nao recebeu orientacoes da equipe da ESF; ja os idosos que receberam, os mesmos declararam que a orientacao teve o enfoque no preservativo. E necessario intensificar as acoes e discussoes em torno da sexualidade e DSTs, visando ao envelhecimento saudavel.The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of elderly people on preventive actions to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the context of the Family Health Strategy (FHS). This is a cross-sectional study, involving 94 elderly, aged ≥ 60 years, attached to the ESF in Serra Gaucha (a region at Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). The results indicate parity in the sample for sexual activity and prevalence of sexual activity with the same partner. Older people have knowledge of how to prevent STDs, mostly by the use of condoms. Most interviewees reported they received no information from FHS team. Those who received orientation related that the focus was on the usage of condoms. It is necessary to intensify the actions and discussions of sexuality and STDs, aimed at healthy aging.

Health literacy of older people in primary care

OBJETIVO: Analizar como las personas ancianas vinculadas a grupos de educacion en salud de una unidad basica de salud buscan, comprenden y comparten informaciones a fin de mantener y promover la salud a lo largo de la vida. METODOS: Se trata de una investigacion descriptiva de caracter cualitativo, realizada con 30 ancianos ligados a tres grupos de educacion en salud, en el segundo semestre del 2009, cuya recoleccion de informaciones se llevo a cabo por medio de entrevistas y analisis tematico, con el apoyo del software NVivo. RESULTADOS: se elaboraron cinco categorias de analisis - interes/preocupacion en salud; busqueda, comprension, compartir y repercusion de las informaciones para el anciano. CONCLUSIONES: La alfabetizacion en salud en los grupos se desarrollo en una perspectiva individual, volcada a la prevencion y tratamiento de los danos, respetando la trayectoria y conocimiento de los sujetos y valorizando posibilidades de intercambios entre los mismos. Los resultados apoyaron la planificacion, implementacion y perfeccionamiento de las acciones de educacion en salud con ancianos en la atencion basica de la salud.

Adaptaçâo de um instrumento que avalia alfabetização em saúde das pessoas idosas

OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of adaptation of an instrument that analyzes the health literacy of older people. METHODS: The adaptation consisted of steps to determine conceptual equivalence of items, operationally and semantically. RESULTS: The stages of conceptual and item equivalence showed that the items and concepts of this Canadian instrument was suitable for use in Brazil. The steps of initial translation, back translation, expert committee review and pre-test performed during evaluation of semantic equivalence have resulted in alterations to some items and rewording of some questions. Regarding operational equivalence, the interview was appropriate to local realities. CONCLUSION: The steps of transcultural adaptation, generally adopted for validation of measurement tools, were used and allowed researchers to adequately conduct this research study.Objective: To describe the process of adaptation of an instrument that analyzes the health literacy of older people. Methods: The adaptation consisted of steps to determine conceptual equivalence of items, operationally and semantically. Results: The stages of conceptual and item equivalence showed that the items and concepts of this Canadian instrument was suitable for use in Brazil. The steps of initial translation, back translation, expert committee review and pre-test performed during evaluation of semantic equivalence have resulted in alterations to some items and rewording of some questions. Regarding operational equivalence, the interview was appropriate to local realities. Conclusion: The steps of transcultural adaptation, generally adopted for validation of measurement tools, were used and allowed researchers to adequately conduct this research study.

Adaptation of an instrument to measure health literacy of older people

OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of adaptation of an instrument that analyzes the health literacy of older people. METHODS: The adaptation consisted of steps to determine conceptual equivalence of items, operationally and semantically. RESULTS: The stages of conceptual and item equivalence showed that the items and concepts of this Canadian instrument was suitable for use in Brazil. The steps of initial translation, back translation, expert committee review and pre-test performed during evaluation of semantic equivalence have resulted in alterations to some items and rewording of some questions. Regarding operational equivalence, the interview was appropriate to local realities. CONCLUSION: The steps of transcultural adaptation, generally adopted for validation of measurement tools, were used and allowed researchers to adequately conduct this research study.Objective: To describe the process of adaptation of an instrument that analyzes the health literacy of older people. Methods: The adaptation consisted of steps to determine conceptual equivalence of items, operationally and semantically. Results: The stages of conceptual and item equivalence showed that the items and concepts of this Canadian instrument was suitable for use in Brazil. The steps of initial translation, back translation, expert committee review and pre-test performed during evaluation of semantic equivalence have resulted in alterations to some items and rewording of some questions. Regarding operational equivalence, the interview was appropriate to local realities. Conclusion: The steps of transcultural adaptation, generally adopted for validation of measurement tools, were used and allowed researchers to adequately conduct this research study.

Ações em saúde mental às famílias nos diferentes contextos de trabalho: revisão integrativa

This is an integrative review aimed to identify and analyze studies in nursing journals that focus on mental health actions directed to families in different work contexts. To collect data, we used the descriptors mental health, family and nursing in the databases of the Latin American and Caribbean in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Inclusion criteria were: original articles published in Portuguese, Spanish and English in journals in the field of nursing between the years 2003 to 2008. This work showed a predominance of studies focusing on issues of health staff and/or professional, indicating a need to produce research for users and families. It is believed that these findings may be of great value to the teams in the scenarios of psychosocial care and point the way toward further research.