Mário Henrique Ogasavara

CSR-based Differentiation Strategy of Export Firms From Developing Countries An Exploratory Study of the Strategy Tripod

This study investigates the influences of the strategy tripod, an established concept in the international business (IB) literature, on a corporate social responsibility (CSR)-based differentiation strategy for export firms. This strategy is conceived as consisting of product-level and firm-level CSR. Using a sample of 195 Brazilian export firms, the authors find that innovation capabilities, international market exposure, and institutional pressures significantly influence product-level CSR; however, the latter two factors influence firm-level CSR only through their mediating effects on product-level CSR. This study contributes to the existing CSR and IB literature in three ways. First, it integrates and systematizes the factors influencing CSR-based strategies into the three categories represented by the legs of the strategy tripod to help elucidate the previous research on the factors that drive CSR. Second, it suggests that exporters’ CSR strategies can be affected by social and environmental institutions based outside their home countries. Third, this study contributes to filling an important empirical gap in the research on CSR by focusing on export ventures from emerging countries.

China’s quest for energy through FDI: new empirical evidence

China’s current economic development depends heavily on its access to energy resources, and it is increasingly shaping Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) in a quest for resources located abroad. The aim of this paper is to answer the two following questions: How much did the Chinese global quest for energy drive its OFDI between 2005 and 2012? And has the quest for energy been sensitive to the geographical location of the resources? We used data on Chinese OFDI from the China Global Investment Tracker, as well as diverse host countries determinants of previously tested OFDI. We measured the impact of host country energy production in the allocation of investments. Using several multivariate regression models, we demonstrate that energy resources were the main driver of Chinese OFDI in 92 host countries during the studied period, and that there was no sensitivity to the geographical location of the resources.

Internationalization patterns of multinational lodging firms in Brazil

The service sector is emerging in importance in terms of economic development. Although the amount of research on the internationalization process of service industries is growing, investigations on the international lodging industry still lack sufficient research, particularly in relation to emerging economies. This paper aims to fill this gap by conducting an investigation into multinational lodging firms that have started operations in Brazil. It intends to determine whether multinational lodging firms follow any temporal, geographical, or entry mode patterns when investing in an emerging market. The findings show that lodging firms in Brazil have followed differing time patterns, but have followed a similar geographical scope. Non-equity involvement was the most favored form of involvement. Although similarities in the geographical and entry mode patterns were observed, the individual lodging firms followed different internationalization and expansion strategies in their entry into Brazil.

Experience, resources and export market performance: the pivotal role of international business network ties

Purpose Based on integrating learning, resource-based and social network theories, the purpose of this paper is to shed fresh light on the association between export experience and export performance by seeking to better understand the links between them, and assessing the boundary conditions, moderators, mediators, and non-linear relationships in greater depth. Design/methodology/approach This paper mobilizes a quantitative research design using a survey of Brazil-based exporters. The authors test the hypotheses proposed in this study by employing moderated mediation regression models. Findings The authors find support for a J-shape relationship between export experience and export market performance. In particular, the authors find that innovation and international marketing resources mediate the effect of export experience on export market performance, and the authors unveil that this mediation effect is contingent on the strength of international business network ties. Originality/value This study advances the export marketing literature by explaining how export experience drives export success in two ways: first, by clarifying the ambiguity in extant theoretical explanations and previous empirical findings regarding the shape of the relationship between export experience and export performance. Second, this study reconciles the disagreement as to whether superior export performance results from exporters’ existing resources or from their learning by exporting. Thus, the paper is valuable for scholars and export managers or policymakers alike by providing recommendations on how less experienced firms can overcome the initial period of weak export performance.

Financing the Expansion of Brazilian Multinationals into Europe: The Role of the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES)

The rise of multinational corporations (MNCs) from emerging markets has been a remarkable phenomenon during the last decade (BCG, 2006; 2013; Wright et al., 2005). While total Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows grew by 84 percent from 2001 to 2011, those from developing economies grew by 216 percent (UNCTAD, 2013). This is a considerable leap, from 26 percent to 44 percent of the total flows. A series of recent studies have sought to explain the sudden growth of emerging markets MNCs (Brennan, 2011; Sauvant et al., 2010; Ramamurti and Sigh, 2009). To do so, international business scholars have further developed established analytical instruments in order to account for the rise of these multinationals. In some cases, the OLI (Ownership, Location, Internalization) framework (Dunning, 1986), the Uppsala model Qohanson and Vahlne, 1977; 2009), or the product life-cycle model (Vernon, 1966) have been extended (Ramamurti, 2008). In other instances, scholars have contested dominant internationalization theories, insisting on the need for the development of new frameworks (Mathews, 2002a; 2006b).

A eficácia simbólica e terapêutica de práticas religiosas entre os trabalhadores brasileiros no Japão

This paper explores the role of social support and the symbolic efficacy of Messianic Churchs therapeutic practices among Brazilian workers in Japan. Many of these workers face health problems related to the stress in the work environment, difficulties of communication and loneliness. This research is based on the ethnographic model. During the fieldwork period frequent visits and interviews were conduct with leaders and members of the group in different cities with large concentration of Brazilians. In this context, the Messianic Church finds a good environment to develop its support activities. Behind these activities, however, the group mobilizes the members to work for the diffusion of their ideals.

Cidades globais no contexto dos negócios internacionais: Do esquecimento à tendência na produção acadêmica

This paper investigates the international business literature of the last forty years from the incorporation of the term global cities as a reference in the construction of new theoretical contributions. A bibliometric method was performed in two stages. In the first one, the main areas of knowledge and the seminal studies addressing the concept were identified. Most research focuses on economic geography and urban studies. In the second, the approaches used specifically in international business were organized in the main journals of the area. The results show that the studies on global cities are still incipient, highlighting, among the approaches, the relation between location advantages and specific aspects of the multinational company. In addition, there is a growing interest in the development of analyzes at the subnational level represented by global cities, from different aspects such as the choice of entry mode, the role of advanced service firms, the importance of networks and the process of knowledge transfer. The combination of the perspectives of economic geography and international business, although claimed by scholars from both areas, still lacks a more robust theoretical and empirical body in regard to cities as centers of attractiveness of foreign investment in global markets. In analyzing the importance of the phenomenon of global cities, this study contributes to a better understanding of the contemporary internationalization strategies of multinational companies, highlighting the interdisciplinary potential between international business theories and economic geography.

Research on Brazilian Multinational Enterprises: Descriptive and predictive analyses

Este estudo visa examinar pesquisas recentes sobre a internacionalizacao de empresas multinacionais brasileiras (I-BMNEs) com base na analise de 174 artigos publicados que apareceram em periodicos academicos, livros e conferencias internacionais e brasileiras. A analise descritiva inclui a analise de citacoes e fornece uma tipologia dos principais pesquisadores e faculdades, bem como as abordagens teoricas e metodologicas predominantes. A analise preditiva e baseada em uma nova abordagem de rede neural a fim de classificar as caracteristicas de um manuscrito e prever a adequacao de sua publicacao. Constatamos que as pesquisas sobre I-BMNEs sao realizadas por um pequeno numero de instituicoes e pesquisadores lideres, usando estudos de caso como seu metodo de pesquisa e modelos de Uppsala e de Paradigma Ecletico como estrutura teorica. A analise de citacoes mostra que autores estrangeiros sao citados em periodicos ou em livros traduzidos. A nova tecnica e estrutura da abordagem de rede neural foi criada para adequar os estudos bibliometricos e os resultados da analise preditiva classificaram corretamente 56,25% dos manuscritos. Concluimos fornecendo um conjunto de recomendacoes para avancar as pesquisas sobre I-BMNEs.

The role of internet in the born global companies

DOI: 10.5902/198346599061 The process of internationalization of global companies occurs connected to the high integration through the nets of computers, especially the Internet. The technological advances have revolutionized the forms of transacting products and services. Innovation becomes the key word for this new phase established in the economy by the computer science in which the Internet is able to establish a larger integration among the enterprises, consumers and suppliers. How can the Internet contribute to the process of Internationalization of Born Globals? This theoretical paper aims to discuss the role of innovations with internet in Born Globals firms to the process of internationalization. The literature review on the subject shows that the advances of technology will require new studies about the internationalization’s process. In spite of that, the influence of the electronic business has progressed in commercial transactions. The global world requires workers who are more and more prepared to face such reality. The enterprises will have to adapt, otherwise they may fail to reduce costs and to improve their logistics. The consumers can have personalized products, while their needs are met in a more comfortable, immediate way and with less intermediates. The electronic markets revolutionize the economy by meeting old needs in a more modern and practical way.

The effects of own- and other-prior entry modes in the internationalization of Japanese multinational companies in the electronic sector

Purpose – This paper goes above and beyond the prior research on entry mode by considering the organizational approach and examines entry mode selection between wholly-owned subsidiaries and joint venture by taking into account the existence of different types of joint ventures. In this way, this paper seeks to investigate whether or not a relationship exists between the first entry strategy decision of a particular firm and the prior foreign market entries made by other firms. Moreover, considering that foreign market entry is not a one-time decision, this study analyses whether or not prior entry in a particular country has influence on the choice of repeated entries in the same country. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses data of 1,470 subsidiaries established by Japanese electronics firms in 64 countries. The propositions are tested by applying a statistical t-test to compare the mean differences between the analyzed cases. Findings – The findings revealed the legitimacy effect on the entry ...