Mauren Picada Emanuelli

Atividade sérica das enzimas AST, CK e GGT em cavalos Crioulos

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of age, sex, management and pregnancy status on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzymes serum activities of Crioulo horses. One hundred and forty-two horses, divided into six group were analyzed: yearlings; free activity of adult horses; training adult horses; male adult horses; nonpregnant and pregnant females. The CK enzyme activity value was higher in adult horses than in yearlings, and the same result was found when comparing free activity and training horses. Nonpregnant females had higher values for CK and GGT comparing to male horses, and CK values were higher in pregnant comparing to nonpregnant females. Age, sex, management and pregnancy status influence on CK serum activity, and sex influences on GGT serum activity.

Hypolipidemic effects of Solidago chilensis hydroalcoholic extract and its major isolated constituent quercetrin in cholesterol-fed rats

Abstract Context: Despite several studies on the effects of Solidago chilensis Meyen (Asteraceae), the phytochemical and hypolipidemic properties remain underappreciated. Objective: This study evaluates the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of hydroalcoholic extract (HE) and quercetrin from S. chilensis aerial parts in cholesterol-fed rats. Materials and methods: The HE was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, followed by quercetrin isolation. Hypercholesterolemic rats (1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid for 15 d) were treated with HE (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg p.o.; n = 6), simvastatin (4 mg/kg p.o.; n = 6), or quercetrin (10 mg/kg p.o.; n = 6) once a day for 30 d. During this period, a high-cholesterol diet was maintained until the 30th day of treatment. Results: Rats treated with HE (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg) and quercetrin showed decreased serum levels of total cholesterol (−19.9, −27.5, −31.0, and −39.4%), lipoprotein-cholesterol (−36.0, −37.5, −43.3, and −59.4%), and triacylglycerides (−15.6, −23.5, −29.8, and −27.2%) when compared with the control group similar to simvastatin. Moreover, treatment with HE and quercetrin decreased hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity (35.1% on average) and increased fecal cholesterol levels (38.2% on average). Discussion and conclusions: Our results suggest that hypolipidemic effects of HE are associated with it modulating the activity of HMG-CoA reductase and its interference in the reabsorption and/or excretion of intestinal lipids. Solidago chilensis and its main constituent, quercetrin, may thus be effective as cholesterol-lowering agents and in preventing atherosclerosis.

Perfil eletroforético das proteínas séricas de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo aflatoxinas e/ou argila clinoptilolita natural

This study was aimed at evaluating the electrophoresis profile of serum protein in broilers fed with diets containing aflatoxins and natural clinoptilolite clay. Five hundred and twenty eight male broilers Ross were distributed in six treatments and each one with 4 replications: T1 – control (without aflatoxins or clinoptilolite), T2 –5ppm of aflatoxins, T3 –0.25% of clinoptilolite, T4 –5ppm of aflatoxins and 0.25% of clinoptilolite, T5 –0.5% of clinoptilolite and T6 – 5ppm of aflatoxins and 0.5% of clinoptilolite. The broilers were allocated in 24 boxes and submitted to a treatments for 42 days, when they were slaughtered. Total proteins, albumin fractions, alpha 1, alpha 2, beta and gamma were analyzed. Except gamma fraction the Tukey test showed differences (P<0.05) on serum total proteins and proteins fractions in all treatments which aflatoxin was present. The clinoptilolite did not modify (P<0.05) the serum proteins. The control broilers fed with diets containing aflatoxins and clinoptilolite presented low levels (P<0.05) of total protein, albumin, and globulins (alpha and beta fractions). In conclusion, aflatoxins change the electrophoresis profile and clinoptilolite is not able to protect avoid these changes.

Reticulócitos e hematócrito de cães pré e pós esplenectomia parcial

ABSTRACT The reticulocytes are erythroid cells that exhibitresidual RNA, being released from bone marrow byerythropoietin stimulus in response to tissue hypoxia. After itsrelease from bone marrow, they are temporarily sequestred inthe spleen, where they acquire form of mature erythrocytes.Besides, the spleen is also responsible for storage of the bloodand their elements. The splenectomy is indicated in cases ofsplenic torsion or rupture, symptomatic splenomegaly, andsplenic masses. This study aimed to evaluate the response ofreticulocytes and of hematocrit in dogs submitted to partialsplenectomy. Nine mongrel males and female dogs were used.The samples were obtained one hour before the surgery and48, 96, 144 and 168 hours after this procedure. The findingsdemonstrated that the hematocrit decreases significantly afterthe partial splenectomy. Highest values reticulocytes werereached 96 h after the surgery, followed by a decline in number,nevertheless, the counting was higher than moments before ofthe partial splenectomy.

Diabete insípido central em um cão

A case of central diabetes insipidus in a nine-year-old female dog is described. The dog presented intermitent polyuria and polydipsia in the past 18 months. In the clinical exam, complete blood count, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, BUN, creatinine, glucose and calcium dosages were normal. However, the specific urine gravity was low and presented the value 1002. The dog was unable to concentrate the urine during the seven hours of water deprivation test and presented 5% of dehydratation. The administration of desmopressin acetate elevated the specific urine gravity to 1028 five hours after the beginning of the treatment, confirming the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus of central origin.

Função renal de cães tratados com doses terapêuticas de flunixin meglumine e ketoprofen durante o trans e pós-operatório

It has been reported in the literature several clinical cases of renal failure after the use of flunixin meglumine in normal healthy dogs. Based on these reports this study was developed to evaluate the renal function of normal healthy dogs. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine were measured in four groups of 5 dogs submitted to a single surgical procedure. Two groups received flunixin meglumine and the other two ketoprofen, both in therapeutic dosages. The results showed values of BUN and serum creatinine within normal range for dogs. It is fair to conclude that flunixin meglumine and ketoprofen do not produce renal failure when administered during the peri-operative period in normal healthy dogs.

What is your diagnosis? Liver from a cow.

A 10-year-old Aberdeen Angus cow was presented to the Large Animal Medicine Service at Federal University of Santa Maria Veterinary Hospital with a history of weight loss for the past 6 months, watery diarrhea for the last 30 days, tenesmus, and fever. The owner reported the presence of the plant Senecio brasiliensis on pasture and that 10 cattle had died on his property during the past 4 years demonstrating similar antemortem clinical signs as the cow that was presented. On physical examination, the cow was dehydrated and mildly febrile (101.7°F) with pale mucous membranes. A moderate mature neutrophilia was noted on the CBC (17,300 cells/lL, RI 4000– 12,000). The biochemical serum panel revealed mild hypoalbuminemia (2.79 g/dL, RI 3.30–3.55), moderately decreased AST activity (36 IU/L, RI 78–132), markedly increased GGT activity (39.98 IU/L, RI 6.10–17.40), and moderately decreased urea concentration (35.33 mg/dL, RI 42.80–64.20). A fine-needle aspirate (FNA) smear of the liver was submitted for cytologic evaluation (Figure 1), and a liver biopsy was collected and routinely processed for histopathology. Figure 1. Fine-needle aspirate of liver from a cow with chronic signs of liver disease. Diff-Quik,940 objective.

Hipoadrenocorticismo primário em um cão

This study describes a primary hypoadrenocorticism in a mixed-breed six years old bitch examined at the Federal University of Santa Maria Veterinary Hospital. The animal presented lethargy, vomiting, anorexia, weakness, shaking, polyuria and polydipsia. During a month the animal was medicated for chronic renal failure, showing no clinical progress. Laboratory exams evidenced a normocytic normochromic anemia, azotemia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Microcardia was observed on radiographic exam. The diagnosis was confirmed by altered electrolytic pattern, mainly by sodium:potassium ratio and by corticotrophin stimulation test, which resulted in low plasma cortisol. After the diagnosis fludrocortisone acetate therapy has begun, showing a clinical evolution after two months treatment.