Mehmet Cudi Tuncer

Nitric Oxide Regulates Expression of Sonic Hedgehog and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α in an Experimental Model of Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion

This study was designed to determine the effect of L-arginine on hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIF-1 α) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) levels considered to be involved in the development of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Unilaterally nephrectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 60 minutes of left renal ischemia followed by 45 minutes of reperfusion. Group 1 were sham-operated animals; group 2, I-R/Untreated animals; and group 3, I-R/L-Arg-treated animals. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined as well as examining the kidneys histologically. The treatment of rats with L-Arg produced a significant reduction in the levels of BUN, creatinine, MDA, and histopathological score compared to renal I/R groups. The Shh expression in the tubulus epithelia were intensely increased in the I-R/L-Arg group when compared to that of the Sham-control and the I-R/untreated groups. Additionally, the HIF-1α expression in the tubulus epithelia and the interstitial spaces were intensely increased in the I-R/L-Arg group. These findings suggest that NO reduces the renal dysfunction associated with I/R of the kidney and may act as a trigger to induce Shh and HIF-1 activity.

MR Angiography Imaging of Absence Vertebral Artery Causing of Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Case Report

La ausencia de la arteria vertebral es rara, y accidentalmente encuentrada en tecnicas de imagen radiologica. Reportamos un hombre de 74 anos que sufre de tinnitus pulsatil con la ausencia de la arteria vertebral izquierda. El proposito del reporte del caso es la descripcion de la ausencia de arteria vertebral que causante del tinitus pulsatil, con el fin de ofrecer datos utiles para anatomistas, otorrinolaringologos, radiologos, cirujanos vasculares y de cabeza y cuello.

Effects of Ischemia/Reperfusion on ß Cells of Pancreas and Protective Effects of Melatonin Treatment

Los radicales libres del oxigeno son considerados como uno de los componentes mas importantes que participan en las alteraciones fisiopatologicas del tejido durante la isquemia-reperfusion (I/R). En este estudio, se investigo el supuesto efecto protector del tratamiento de melatonina sobre la lesion pancreatica I/R. Ratas Sprague Dawley machos fueron sometidas a 30 minutos de oclusion del pediculo pancreatico seguido de 90 minutos de reperfusion. La melatonina (10 mg/kg) fue administrada 30 minutos antes de la isquemia o de la aplicacion I/R. Al finalizar los periodos de reperfusion, las ratas fueron decapitadas. Fueron tomadas muestras pancreaticas para el analisis en microscopia electronica de transmision. Los resultados indicaron que la isquemia ocasiono dano en las celulas s demostrado por la dilatacion entre el nucleo interior y la membrana exterior y la degeneracion de los islotes de celulas pancreaticas, los que fueron revertidos por el tratamiento de melatonina. Como la administracion de melatonina revirtio estos danos microscopicos, parece probable que ella proteja al tejido pancreatico contra el dano oxidativo.

The Effects of Valproic Acid on Sciatic Nerve of Fetal Rats and Protective Effects of Folic Acid and Vitamin E

El objetivo fue investigar los posibles efectos perjudiciales del acido valproico (AVP) materno sobre el nervio ciatico en fetos y los efectos protectores de la vitamina E (Vit E) y acido folico (AF) en fetos de ratas. Se administraron a ratas acido valproico (400mg/kg), acido folico (400mg/kg) y vitamina E (250 mg/kg) en cada uno de los dias de gestacion 8-10. Todos los fetos fueron recogidos a los 20 dias de gestacion. Finas secciones de biopsias obtenidas de los nervios ciaticos de fetos fueron tenidos con acetato de uranilo y examinados bajo microscopio electronico de transmision. Los fetos (n: 36) fueron divididos en cinco grupos: control, avp, avp+af, avp+vit e y avp+fa+vit e. En cada grupo, se realizaron los procedimiento farmacologicos, quirurgicos y los metodos histologicos. Los pesos y longitudes de los fetos de cada grupo fueron comparados y analizados usando la prueba One-Way Anova. La administracion de dosis unicas de acido valproico (400 mg / kg) resulto en la perdida del peso la longitud entre el control y el grupo apv. Sin embargo, las diferencias en la longitud y el peso entre los otros grupos no fueron significativas. Los hallazgos histopatologicos del grupo control fueron normales. En el grupo avp, se mostro especialmente cambios degenerativos en la mielina que envuelve al nervio perifericamente. Ademas, predominatemente se encontro en las muestras de este grupo fibras colagenas condensadas y zonas ampliamente desmielinizadas, mientras que las zonas moderadamente afectadas eran relativamente normales. Ambos grupos avp+fa y avp+vit e exhibieron cambios ultraestructurales similares, lo que supone un minimo o moderado cambio degenerativo. El grupo avp+fa+vit e tuvo casi una estructura normal. La administracion de dosis unicas de acido valproico (400 mg / kg) produjo un efecto sobre el deterioro del nervio ciatico a nivel ultraestructural. La administracion de la AF y vitamina E tienen un efecto protector, en cierta medida, para evitar la cambios degenerativos. La combinacion de AF y vitamina E, junto a la ulterior administracion de AVP tienen un efecto protector mas potente. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar los cambios histopatologicos que pueden ocurrir en un modelo experimental de alto riesgo despues de la administracion de acido valproico. Ademas, fueron evaluadas las funciones de proteccion de la administracion de acido folico y la vitamina E.

Evaluation of the Singh index and Femur Geometry in Osteoporotic Women

We aimed to compare the Singh index with bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), body mass index (BMI) and femur geometry in the right proximal femur of osteoporotic women, using different statistical tests. Radiographs of each patient were assessed to determine the Singh index by five observers. The observers consisted of a consultant radiologist, physical therapist and anatomists who studied the series of radiographs. They were asked to apply the Singh index by comparing the trabecular bone pattern in the proximal right femur with the reference scale published by Singh et al. [1]. This has a six point scale from grade VI to grade I. We evaluated 47 osteoporotic women in this study. The subjects’ mean age, weigth, and height were 63,21 ± 10,106, 66,72 ± 12.523, 154,94 ± 7,026 respectively. We found a significant relationship between the Singh index and BMD. The Singh index correlated significantly with hip axis length, femoral neck diamater and trochanteric width. And, BMD correlated significantly with femoral head and neck diameter, femoral neck cortex width, medial calcar femoral cortex width and femoral shaft cortex width. The evaluation of the Singh index grades in its self, there was a significant relation among them.

Balo’s concentric sclerosis in a patient with spontaneous remission based on magnetic resonance imaging: A case report and review of literature

Balo’s concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare monophasic demyelinating disease known as multiple sclerosis subtype and seen as a round lesion with variable hyper and hypo-detoxification layers. Characteristic appearance can be seen as “bulb eye” or “onion bulb”. The initial terminology for this neurological disorder was leukoencephalitis periaxialis concentrica; this is defined as a disease in which the white matter of the brain is destroyed in concentric layers in such a way as to leave the axial cylinders intact. This report presents a case of BCS with spontaneous healing of the patient and a mass lesion with concentric rings adjacent to the left lateral ventricle and the posterior portion of the corpus callosum with peripheral vasogenic edema. The neurological lesion of the patient was similar to the magnetic resonance imaging and clinical findings of the BCS.

Comparison of the clinical efficacy of two different types of post systems which were restored with composite restorations

AIM To compare the efficacy of resin composite restorations, retained with either polyethylene or zirconia-rich glass fiber posts. METHODS Sixty-two single rooted maxillary and mandibular central incisor teeth in forty-four patients (15 males and 29 females; age range 15-32 years) were restored either with an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWP) fiber post (Bondable Reinforcement Ribbon, DENSE, Ribbond, Seattle, WA, United States) or a zircon-rich glass fiber post (Snowpost, Lot H 040; Carbotech, Ganges, France). Then, direct resin composite restoration (Clearfil AP-X, Kuraray) was performed for both post systems in tooth color suitable. Patients were recalled for routine inspections at 6 mo, 1, 2 and 3 years. RESULTS The restorations were assessed during each recall evaluation according to predetermined clinical and radiographic criteria (periapical lesion; marginal leakage and integrity; color stability; surface stain and loss of retention of the post or the composite build-up material). The follow-up data showed no significant difference in these criteria between polyethylene fibre posts and zirconia-rich glass fibre posts. CONCLUSION The efficacy of resin composite restorations, retained with either polyethylene or zirconia-rich glass fiber posts were similar, suggesting that both types of fiber post can be used successfully to help retain resin composite restorations.

Protective Effects of Melatonin on Spinal Cord Injury

Spinal cord injury causes neuron nerve fiber loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective, inflammatory and angiogenetic effects of melatonin on rat spinal cord injury (SCI). For spinal cord injury, a standard weight reduction method was used that caused moderate severity of injury (100 g / cm force) at T10 Melatonin (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally ) was administered for 10 days after trauma. Each group consisted of 10 animals. of these, six were used for biochemical and four were used for th e evaluation of histological analysis. Spinal cord samples were taken for histological examination or determination of malondiald ehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Spinal cord injury and melatonin treated group were compared. Melatonin administration in spinal cord injury increased the activity of glial cells in the radial and funicular cells and epen dymal cells and increased the activity of glial cells and also showed a positive ef fect on inflammation and vascular endothelial cells in s ynaptic connections in the nerve fibers undergoing spinal injury endothelial degeneration It is thought that it can regulate the degenerative ef fect which is caused by both the inflammatory effect and the angiogenic effect which will have a positive effect on the neural connection.

Neuroprotective effects of Potentilla fulgens on spinal cord injury in rats: an immunohistochemical analysis

This examination was performed to research the advantage of the antioxidant impact of Potentilla fulgens on spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. In the SCI model of this examination, the tolerably serious lesion was performed at the L1-L2 spinal segmental level. Spinal cord injury animals were given P. fulgens 400 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally. At seven days post-lesion, exploratory rats were executed after intraperitoneal administration of ketamine HCL (0.15 ml/100 g body weight). Spinal cord specimens were taken for histological examination or assurance of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) action. SCI caused a remarkable decline in spinal cord GSH content, trailed by noteworthy increments in MDA levels and MPO action. Degenerative changes in some multipolar and bipolar nerve cells and picnotic changes in the nuclei of glial cells were likewise noticed. Remarkable development was seen in cells and vascular structures of P. fulgens treated groups when contrasted with untreated groups. P. fulgens application may influence angiogenetic improvement in vein endothelial cells, reduce inflammatory cell aggregation by influencing cytokine system and may make apoptotic nerve cells and neuroprotective component in glial cells.

Recurrence of atretic parietal cephalocele in adult: a case report and review of literature

Common presentation of atretic parietal cephalocele (APC) is mostly seen in infants and young children. And, it is a palpable midline parietal soft tissue mass which is thought to represent involuted true cephalocele (meningocele or encephalocele)connected to dura mater via a fibrous stalk. The incidence of intracranial anomalies have increased with APC. Parietal cephaloceles comprise about 1% of all cerebrospinal congenital malformations and 10% of cephaloceles. We report here the case of an atretic parietal cephalocele with no associated brain malformations in adult.