Memiş Özdemir

Determination of Best Fitted Regression Model for Estimation of Body Weight in Awassi Sheep

Abstract Topal, M., Yildiz, N., Esenbuğa, N., Aksakal, V., Macit, M. and Özdemir, M. 2003. Determination of best fitted regression model for estimation of body weight in Awassi sheep. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 23: 201–208. In this research, linear regression models were improved for estimation of body weights using various body measurements from Awassi sheep. Simple and multiple regression models were formed when body weight (BW) was dependent variable and body length (BL), heart depth (HD), height at wither (HW), height at shoulder (HS), shin girth (SG), chest width (CW), heart girth (HG), pump width (PW) were independent variables. The best-fitted regression model for estimation of body weight was determined by using mean square error (MSEp), R2 p and Cp statistics. The model including body length, heart depth, heart girth and pump width was the best fitted model (R2 P=0.851, MSEP =8.803, Cp=5.972) for estimation of body weight in Awassi sheep in this study.

Relationship Between Kappa-casein Polymorphism and Production Traits in Brown Swiss and Holstein

Abstract Özdemir, M. and Doğru, Ü. 2005. Relationship between kappa-casein polymorphism and production traits in Brown Swiss and Holstein. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 27: 101–104. To study the effect of kappa-casein polymorphism on milk production traits, milk samples from Brown Swiss, Holstein and East Anatolian Red cows were analyzed for kappa-casein, AA, AB and BB variants using horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis. Differences among breeds studied were not significant on gene variants. Although the effects of kappa-casein phenotypes on fat percentage and 305d fat yield in Brown Swiss and Holstein cows were found to be significant (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively), there was no effect on milk yield, 305d milk yield, lactation period and milk fat yield. This study provides evidence that production and percentage of fat ratio can be maximized by the use of kappa-casein BB genotype and milk production by the use of kappa-casein AB genotype with selective goal in herds and increase in frequency of kappa-casein B genes in herd could contribute to significantly improve yield traits.

Determination of Genetic Distance Between East Anatolian Red, Brown Swiss, Holstein and Simmental Breeds of Cattle Using Polymorphic Systems

Abstract Dogru, U., Ozdemir, M., Soysal, M.I. and Topal, M. 2008. Determination of genetic distance between East Anatolian Red, Brown Swiss, Holstein and Simmental breeds of cattle using polymorphic systems. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 33: 145–148. Genetic distances were determined according to Nei, Cavalli-Sforza and Reynolds methods between the Brown Swiss (173), Simmental (80), Holstein (18) and East Anatolian Red (51) cattle breeds using milk protein (αs1) and blood protein types (Hb and Tf). The distribution of phenotypic frequencies in all the four breeds for all systems except αs1-Cn was significant (P<0.01) using chi-square test. Phylogenetic trees based on the polymorphic systems of the populations obtained by three different methods of Nei, Cavalli-Sforza and Reynolds were found to be similar. According to the phylogenetic trees Brown Swiss and Simmental cattle breeds fall in one group and dairy (Holstein) and Native (East Anatolian Red) breeds in different groups.

Genetic Polymorphism in Kappa-casein Gene Detected by PCR-RFLP in Cattle

Abstract Dogru, U., Ozdemir, M. and Ercisli, S. 2008. Genetic polymorphism in Kappa-casein gene detected by PCR-RFLP in cattle. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 33: 65–68. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method has been used to detect polymorphism in Kappa-casein gene in cattle. A 351 bp Kappa-casein gene fragment was amplified and the PCR products were digested with four different restriction enzymes i.e. Alu I, Hind III, Hinf I and Taq I. All these enzymes were able to distinguish between Kappa-casein A and B types, however Hind III, Hinf I and Taq I were found more effective for kappa-casein variants than Alu I.

Relationships Between Beta-Lactoglobulin and Beta-Casein Polymorphisms and Production Traits in Brown Swiss and Holstein

Abstract Ozdemir, M and Dogru, U. 2007. Relationships between beta-lactoglobulin and beta-casein polymorphisms and production traits in Brown Swiss and Holstein. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 31: 165–168. To study the effects of Beta-Lactoglobulin (β-Lg) and Beta-Casein (β-Cn) polymorphism on milk production traits, milk samples from Brown Swiss, Holstein and East Anatolian Red cows were analyzed for β-Lg and β-Cn AA, AB and BB types using horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis method. Differences of both β-Lg and β-Cn among breeds studied in terms of proportion of phenotype were significant on gene variants. While effects of β-Cn phenotypes on studied yield traits were not significant, there was a main effect of β-Lg genotype on fat concentration, actual milk yield, actual fat yield, 305 d fat yield and lactation period in Brown Swiss and Holstein cows, but not on 305-days milk yield. We suggest that production and percentage of fat ratio may be maximized by the use of β-Lg AA genotype and milk production by the use of β-Lg AB genotype with selective goal in herds.

Effect of Growth Hormone Genetic Polymorphism on Calf Birth Weight

The aim of study were to present relationships between birth weight of 94 Holstein calves with genotype structures of each sample’s Growth Hormone (GH) determined through PCR-RFLP method and to detect the population’s genetic variation by determining the genotype and allel frequency distribution. In the study, according to the analysis result, it was determined that Growth Hormone gene LL genotype was 41.9 kg, LL was 40.8 kg, and VV was 42.2 kg for the birth weight. A significant relationship between birth weight with GH genotypes could not be found. It was seen that the calf population is not stable according to Hardy-Weinberg genetic balance test.

Relationships between GH/AluI Polymorphism and Some Performance Traits in Holstein Cows

Geliş 05 Şubat 2018 Kabul 02 Nisan 2018 Bu çalışmanın amacı, organik yetiştirilen 115 baş Holstein ırkı inekten oluşan sürüde Büyüme Hormon (GH) geni bakımından genotip ve allel frekanslarınının dağılımını belirlemek, genetik varyasyonu ortaya koymak ve bazı süt verim özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri araştırmaktır. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda, çalışılan sığır populasyonunun GH geni LL, LV ve VV genotip frekanslarının sırasıyla 0,41, 0,49, ve 0,10 olarak bulunduğu ve Hardy-Weinberg eşitliği testine göre dengede olduğu görülmüştür. Laktasyon süt verimi ortalamaları LL, LV ve VV genotipleri için sırasıyla 7136 kg, 7470 kg ve 8017 kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. Genotiplere ait incelenen Laktasyon süt verimi, 305 günlük süt verimi, Pik süt verimi ve Laktasyon uzunluğu ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunamamıştır. Çalışmada GH/AluI polimorfizminin sığırların süt verim özelliklerinin ıslahı için tek başına yeterli olmadığı görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Büyüme hormonu geni Polimorfizm Markır Süt Sığırı PCR-RFLPBu calismanin amaci, organik yetistirilen 115 bas Holstein irki inekten olusan surude Buyume Hormon (GH) geni bakimindan genotip ve allel frekanslarininin dagilimini belirlemek, genetik varyasyonu ortaya koymak ve bazi sut verim ozellikleri arasindaki iliskileri arastirmaktir. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda, calisilan sigir populasyonunun GH geni LL, LV ve VV genotip frekanslarinin sirasiyla 0,41, 0,49, ve 0,10 olarak bulundugu ve Hardy-Weinberg esitligi testine gore dengede oldugu gorulmustur. Laktasyon sut verimi ortalamalari LL, LV ve VV genotipleri icin sirasiyla 7136 kg, 7470 kg ve 8017 kg olarak tespit edilmistir. Genotiplere ait incelenen Laktasyon sut verimi, 305 gunluk sut verimi, Pik sut verimi ve Laktasyon uzunlugu ortalamalari arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli iliski bulunamamistir. Calismada GH/AluI polimorfizminin sigirlarin sut verim ozelliklerinin islahi icin tek basina yeterli olmadigi gorulmustur.

Polymorphism on mtDNA D-loop and ND5 Regions Among Turkish Native Cattle Breeds Assessed by PCR-RFLP

Abstract Ozdemir, M., Dogru, U. and Ciftci, M. 2009. Polymorphism on mtDNA D-loop and ND5 regions among Turkish native cattle breeds assessed by PCR-RFLP. J. Appl Anim. Res., 36: 37–40. To determine the specific polymorphic sites of Turkish native cattle breeds (Turkish Grey, East Anatolian Red, South Anatolian Red and Anatolian Black) and genetic variations in mtDNA entire D-loop region with high mutation rate and 1100 bp of constant ND5 region were analyzed. In 910 bp of D-loop region, AluI, HaeIII, HpaII, AvaII, DraI and ApaI enzymes from ten restriction endonucleases, which have 17 restriction sites, showed polymorphic sites and 19 haplotypes were found. AluI, HaeIII, BglIí and SspI enzymes from ten restriction endonucleases, which have 25 restriction sites representing polymorphic sites, and 6 haplotypes were found in the ND5 region. Results of the cluster analysis carried out on the D-loop and ND5 region were similar to each other. East Anatolian Red, South Anatolian Red and Anatolian Black formed the common group distant from Turkish Grey.

Sığırların Verim Özellikleri Üzerine Etkili Önemli Moleküler Markörler / Major Molecular Markers Affecting on Production Traits in Cattle Breeding

OZET: Molekuler genetik teknikler bazi genlerde genetik varyasyonun tanimlanmasini ve QTL’deki varyasyonla verim ozellikleri arasindaki iliskileri incelemeye imkanlar saglamaktadir. Amac hayvanin genetik degerini daha yuksek bir dogrulukla tahmin etmek ve bunun sonucu olarak seleksiyonla elde edilen genetik kazanci artirmaktir. Son yillarda sigirlarin islahinda MAS kullanimiyla ilgili molekuler genetik tabanli calismalarin sayisi gunden gune artmaktadir. Hayvancilik alaninda yapilan bir cok molekuler genetik calismalarinda CSN2, CSN3, CSN1S1, LGB, DGAT1, BH, IGF, GHRH-R, LEP, Pit-1, PRL, Calpain ve Calpastatin gibi genler molekuler markor olarak incelenmektedir. Bu derlemede amac sigirlarin islahina yonelik verim ozellikleriyle iliskisi tespit edilmis onemli molekuler DNA markorlerini incelemektir. Anahtar kelimeler: Molekuler DNA markorleri, MAS, Verim ozellikleri, Genetik cesitlilik. ABSTRACT: Molecular genetic techniques have provided the opportunities to determine the genetic variations in many genes and study the relationships between variations in QTL’s and production traits. Aim is to estimate high truly genetic value of the animals and as a result to increase genetic gain with selection. Recently, studies based on molecular genetics related to using MAS in cattle’s improvement have been increasing day by day. In many molecular genetic studies in livestock field have investigated as molecular markers the genes such as CSN2, CSN3, CSN1S1, LGB, DGAT1, BH, IGF, GHRH-R, LEP, Pit-1, PRL, Calpain ve Calpastatin. In this review, aim were to study the important molecular markers related to production traits for the improvement of cattle. Keywords: Molecular DNA markers, MAS, Production traits, Genetic diversity.