Milton Ghedini Cardoso

Resultados econômicos de sistemas de produção de leite com diferentes níveis tecnológicos na região de Lavras MG nos anos 2004 e 2005

Estudou-se a rentabilidade da atividade leiteira na regiao de Lavras/MG, analisando a influencia do nivel tecnologico sobre o custo de producao do leite. Foram identificados os componentes com maior influencia sobre os custos finais da atividade e calculado o ponto de equilibrio. Os dados, provenientes de 17 sistemas de producao, representando os niveis tecnologicos baixo, medio e alto, foram coletados mensalmente, entre janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2005. Considerou-se a margem bruta, a margem liquida e o resultado (lucro ou prejuizo) como indicadores de eficiencia economica. O nivel tecnologico influenciou os itens componentes do custo operacional efetivo da atividade leiteira, bem como o custo total de producao do leite - a lucratividade e rentabilidade. Os sistemas de producao com nivel tecnologico medio apresentaram o menor custo total unitario. A margem liquida positiva nos tres niveis tecnologicos indica que os pecuaristas conseguem produzir a medio prazo; e por apresentar resultado negativo, os pecuaristas que adotaram medio nivel tecnologico, a longo prazo, estao se descapitalizando.The profitability of dairy farming was studied in the region of Lavras, MG by analyzing the influence of technological level on the milk production cost. The components with major influence on the final activity cost were identified, and the break-even was calculated. Monthly data from 17 production systems representing the low, medium and high technological levels were taken from January 2004 to December 2005. Gross margin and net margin (profit or loss) were considered as indicators of economical efficiency. The technological level had impact on the effective operational cost of dairy farming as well as on the total costs of milk production - rentability and profitability. Production systems with medium technological level had the lowest total unitary cost. Positive net margin in the three technological levels shows that the farmers can produce at medium term. Due to the negative results, the farmers who used the medium technological level are losing money at long term.

RESULTADOS ECONÔMICOS DA ATIVIDADE LEITEIRA NA REGIÃO DE LAVRAS (MG) NOS ANOS 2004 E 2005: UM ESTUDO MULTICASOS

It was studied the profitability of the milk production in 17 properties in the region of Lavras (MG), and the components that had the greatest influence on the final costs of the business were identified. The data were monthly collected from January 2004 to December 2005. The gross margin, net margin, and the result (profit or loss) were taken into consideration as indicators of economic efficiency. The component items of the effective operational cost that had the greatest influence upon the costs of dairy business were, in decreasing order, feeding (55.9%), labor (19.1%), different expenses (11.3%), energy (7.1%), health (4.9%), milking (0.74%), taxes (0.74%), and artificial insemination (0,23%). The net margin and the positive result show the farmers have conditions to produce in middle and long terms, with consequent capitalization. Although, the results of the study can not be extrapolated, since they do not represent a random sampling.

Impacto econômico do intervalo de partos em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros

The aim of this study was to quantify and evaluate the economic impact of calving interval on dairy herd. A simulation using a Dimensioning and Evolution of Bovine Herd software was conducted on three dairy herds from a hypothetical production system composed by 25 females of Holstein breed, having an average of 15 kg daily milk production, at an age of 30 months after the first calving, kept in a 200 ha Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. pasture presenting an 1AU/ha/year support capacity. The equivalence among the tested animal categories were: dam cows 1.30; females of 0-1 year 0.30; females of 1-2 years 0.71; females of 2-3 years 1.01n AU/ha. The three herds showed the same culling rates (20%) and mortality rates (3% for 0 to 1 year; 2% for 1 to 2 years and 1% for 2 to 3 years), only the birth rates differed, namely 100; 80 and 60% for the cases 1; 2 and 3, respectively as reflecting in calving intervals of 365, 510 and 657 days. The simulation of the economic impact was done by the MS Excel(r) applicative. Calving interval not only directly affected the herd composition and evolution but also influenced dairy business profitability, the most efficient birth rate was that of 100%, in other words, calving interval of 12 months.

MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF THE RUMINAL AND OMASAL MUCOSAE TO THE VARIATION IN DIET ENERGY

The absorption capacity of the rumen responds positively to direct and indirect stimulation by VFA; there is also evidence that the wall of the omasum also responds to these stimuli. To further investigate these reports, we compared the tissue morphologies of rumen and omasum biopsy samples. Four cows surgically fitted with ruminal cannulas were sequentially fed two diets. These diets included corn silage (S) and a combination of corn silage and commercial concentrate (CS). The animals were fed S for the first 18 days of the experiment, followed by CS for the next 18 days. They were then fasted for 72 h (F), and then had at least 18 days of re-feeding. Biopsy samples were taken from the blade of the omasum and the ventral sac of the rumen at different time points during each diet: samples were taken from S-diet animals at day 18; CS, at days 4 and 18; F, at the end of the 72 h; and re-fed animals, at days 4, 12, and 18. The mitotic index of the basal layers of the ruminal and omasal epithelia and the VFA concentration in the rumen were higher after 4 days of CS diet. There was a positive correlation between the mitotic indices of the rumen and omasum. The width of the ruminal papillae varied with different diets, and was highest on day 18 of the CS diet. Our results indicate that stimulation of cell division due to increased dietary energy simultaneously affected both compartments of the stomach.

VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DO MILHO (ZEA MAYS) PARA GRÃOS EM PLANTIO DIRETO NO SISTEMA INTEGRADO DE PRODUÇÃO EM RECUPERAÇÃO DE PASTAGENS

Objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade economica do componente milho em sistema integrado, em plantio direto, para a formacao ou recuperacao de pastagens, em areas degradadas de encostas, com solos quimicamente empobrecidos, na regiao de Piranga-MG. Analisaram-se os resultados medios de dez unidades de experimentacao implantadas no ano de 2008, em areas semelhantes e utilizando a mesma tecnologia. O valor medio da producao do milho nao foi suficiente para cobrir o custo operacional efetivo (COE) do sistema (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu + milho), havendo, portanto, margem bruta negativa (R

Análise da rentabilidade de propriedades leiteiras da agricultura familiar no município de passa vinte (mg): Um estudo multicasos

356,20/ha). No entanto, ao deduzir do COE do sistema (R

BALANCED SCORECARD COMO SUPORTE ÀS DECISÕES GERENCIAIS: ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA PROPRIEDADE LEITEIRA DE MÉDIO PORTE

1.685,20/ha) o COE exclusivo da pastagem (R

Avaliação morfológica do abomaso e ceco-cólon de bovinos

1.123,80/ha), que independe da presenca ou nao do milho, obtem-se o COE exclusivo para milho (R

ESTUDO DA RENTABILIDADE DE SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE NO MUNICÍPIO DE NAZARENO, MG

561,40/ha); e considerando a receita bruta media (R

EFEITO DO TIPO DE SISTEMA DE CRIAÇÃO NOS RESULTADOS ECONÔMICOS DE SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE NA REGIÃO DE LAVRAS (MG) NOS ANOS 2004 E 2005

1.329,00/ha), menos o COE do milho (R