Mohammad Syuhaimi Ab-Rahman

Graphical User Interface for PON Network Management System

Optical diagnosis, performance monitoring, and characterization are essential for ensuring the high quality operation of any lightwave systems. In fact, an efficient and reliable optical network, such as passive optical network (PON), depends on appropriate testing and measurement. An optical measurement and management system tool named Smart Access Network _ Testing, Analyzing and Database (SANTAD) is designed and developed as a measurement strategy with improved performance for in-service transmission surveillance applications in PON. Visual Basic is used as programming language in the applications that allow the remote personal computer (PC) to interact with optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). A microcontroller based system has been developed to be located at middle of the network system for handling the centralized line detection from central office (CO). The hardware system responsible in diverting the 1625 nm OTDR testing signal to bypass the filter and connect to each optical network (ONU). As a result, the lines’ status can be observed and monitored at static point where the OTDR injecting the signal. The OTDR is accomplished to remote PC through the 10/100 Ethernet port running using Microsoft Visual Basic 2008 platform. The Ethernet remote interface allowed the users to access the OTDR test module over any Internet-connected PC. The design and implementation of this integrated hardware/software system enable all the OTDR measurements can be transmitted into PC easily. The key idea is to accumulate all OTDR measurement to be displayed on a PC screen for centralized monitoring and advanced analyzing. SANTAD is focused on providing survivability through event identification against degradation/losses and failures. Any occurrence of fault in the network system can be identified by a drastic drop of optical power level. The failure information will be sent to field engineers through the mobile phone or Wi-Fi/Internet computer using wireless technology for repairing and maintenance operation. The analysis results will then stored in database, all kinds of additional information can be easily accessed and queried later. The lab prototype of SANTAD is implemented in PON and the beneficial and contribution of the proposed approach is highly achieved the Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) features. The experimental results show the system accurately detects and locates fiber degradations/failures, and alerts the field engineers with the details of failures/faults within 30 seconds. The system database allows the network operators to assess long term network performance. The main advantages of

Efficiency Optimization of WDM-POF Network in Shipboard Systems

Polymer optical fibers (POFs) are in a great demand for the transmission and processing of optical-based data communications compatible with the Internet, which is one of the fastest growing industries in automobile and domestic industry. Other industry such as aviation and maritime have also taking the advantages of POF. POFs become an alternative transmis‐ sion media replacing copper cable for future shipboard networks. A proposed POF based technology over submarine network for multimedia data transmission, measurement sys‐ tem, navigation, sensors and several applications. As shown in Figure 1, the system is able to transmit a number of signals represent a different data transmission (such as video, au‐ dio, etc) using a WDM based network (refer to Figure 1).

Low-cost fused taper polymer optical fiber (LFT-POF) splitters for environmental and home-networking solution

In visible optical communication over the multimode PMMA fibers, the overall cost of optical network can be reduced by deploying economical splitters for distributing the optical data signals from a point to multipoint in transmission network. The low-cost splitters shall have two main characteristics; good uniformity and high power efficiency. The most cost-effective and environmental friendly optical splitter having those characteristics have been developed. The device material is 100% purely based on the multimode step-index PMMA Polymer Optical Fiber (POF). The region which all fibers merged as single fiber is called as fused-taper POF. This ensures that all fibers are melted and fused properly. The results for uniformity and power efficiency of all splitters have been revealed by injecting red LED transmitter with 650 nm wavelength into input port while each end of output fibers measured by optical power meter. Final analysis shows our fused-taper splitter has low excess loss 0.53 dB and each of the output port has low insertion loss, which the average value is below 7 dB. In addition, the splitter has good uniformity that is 32:37:31% in which it is suitably used for demultiplexer fabrication.

Development of POF flow-injection for spectrophotometric determination of nitrite

A POF flow injection cell is developed to determine nitrite in aqueous based on spectrophotometric method. The jacket of the POF is used as a chamber cell with 10mm core as pathlength. The direct absorbance spectrophometric principle is applied in this work and a range of 400nm to 650nm wavelengths were selected as the nitrite absorption region. Sample of nitrite concentration from 0.2156ppm to 6.9ppm are tested by using syringe pumped into the cell. Colorimetrie of the sample is produced by greiss reagent method. The method based on reaction of nitrite with sulphanilamide acid and N-l-napthylamine which caused pink colour azo dye proportional to the nitrite concentration present in the aqueous sample. The result shows that peak wavelength absorbance at 545nm with standard deviation range from 0.0004 to 0.0107 and precision from 0.5% to 0.03%. Meanwhile, limit of quantitation and limit of detection are 0.158ppm and 0.0052ppm, respectively. These results indicate satisfied parameters for analytical analysis and sensitivity was moderate.

Hardware Architecture of Protection Switching Device (PSD)

This paper presents the hardware architecture of a new optical switching device named Protection Switching Device (PSD) for providing protection and restoration against fiber failures/faults in the distribution region of passive optical network (PON). The developed PSD prototypes are employed at the customer end, just before the optical network units (ONUs) to ensure the data flow continuously due to breakdown occur in the network and instantly repair operation. The network is protected from fiber/equipment failures by using optical switches to bridge the optical signals and dual feed them on diversely routed working line and protection line or neighbor line. When the failure is detected, the protection mechanism will be activated and divert the optical signal direction to the protection line or neighbor line according to the types of failure condition and location of failures in PON.