Norhaidah Mohd Asrah

A recommendation on PLUS highway development: A social network analysis approach

Road development is one of the important elements for the overall economic and social development in the world. A better interconnected road network is crucial to increase the economic activities, such as trade. Highway, as the backbone of a countrys transportation system, are required to overcome the demand for efficient road transportation. Besides, highway development is part of the government commitment towards the development of road network. In this paper, the network analysis of PLUS highway development was studied. The data used were based on the number of vehicles that entered and exited each toll plazas from Penang to Johor. The relationships between the toll plazas were studied by using minimum spanning trees and the overall centrality measures were used to determine the most influential toll plazas among the states. Based on the results, some recommendations are forwarded to the PLUS highway to improve the services and to increase the traffic efficiency.

Time series behaviour of the number of Air Asia passengers: A distributional approach

The common practice to time series analysis is by fitting a model and then further analysis is conducted on the residuals. However, if we know the distributional behavior of time series, the analyses in model identification, parameter estimation, and model checking are more straightforward. In this paper, we show that the number of Air Asia passengers can be represented as a geometric Brownian motion process. Therefore, instead of using the standard approach in model fitting, we use an appropriate transformation to come up with a stationary, normally distributed and even independent time series. An example in forecasting the number of Air Asia passengers will be given to illustrate the advantages of the method.

The most important centrality measures in PLUS highway traffic network: An approach based on effective variance

Highway network is important to most developing countries. With the increase of traffic burden on highway network, it can be a benchmark for these developing countries to measure their level of development. It is hard to analyze the highway traffic network since it comes from a complex network. This network connected all toll plazas and comes out with thedynamic network. In this study, we will learn to understand the PLUS highway traffic network. The information in the network topology of PLUS highway network can be filtered with the application of minimum spanning trees (MST). The network topology will be based on in-coming and out-coming traffic burden from 2009 until 2013. The incoming and out-coming traffic burden of each toll plazas are referredonthe total number of vehicles thatcome in and out over the corresponding toll plazas. Centrality measures are used to interpret these filtered networks. Then, themost important centrality measures can be determined by using the effective variance (EV) and effective vector variance (EVV) approach. The results will help the PLUS highway management to improve their policies and services in the future.

Time Series Forecasting of the Number of Malaysia Airlines and AirAsia Passengers

The standard practice in forecasting process involved by fitting a model and further analysis on the residuals. If we know the distributional behaviour of the time series data, it can help us to directly analyse the model identification, parameter estimation, and model checking. In this paper, we want to compare the distributional behaviour data from the number of Malaysia Airlines (MAS) and AirAsia passengers. From the previous research, the AirAsia passengers are govern by geometric Brownian motion (GBM). The data were normally distributed, stationary and independent. Then, GBM was used to forecast the number of AirAsia passengers. The same methods were applied to MAS data and the results then were compared. Unfortunately, the MAS data were not govern by GBM. Then, the standard approach in time series forecasting will be applied to MAS data. From this comparison, we can conclude that the number of AirAsia passengers are always in peak season rather than MAS passengers.

PLUS highway network analysis: Case of in-coming traffic burden in 2013

PLUS highway is the largest concessionary in Malaysia. The study on PLUS highway development, in order to overcome the demand for efficient road transportation, is crucial. If the highways have better interconnected network, it will help the economic activities such as trade to increase. If economic activities are increasing, the benefit will come to the people and state. In its turn, it will help the leaders to plan and conduct national development program. In this paper, network analysis approach will be used to study the in-coming traffic burden during the year of 2013. The highway network linking all the toll plazas is a dynamic network. The objective of this study is to learn and understand about highway network in terms of the in-coming traffic burden entering to each toll plazas along PLUS highway. For this purpose, the filtered network topology based on the forest of all possible minimum spanning trees is used. The in-coming traffic burden of a city is represented by the number of cars passing thr...