Olga Khavjou

Forecasting the Future of Cardiovascular Disease in the United States: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association

Background— Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and is responsible for 17% of national health expenditures. As the population ages, these costs are expected to increase substantially. Methods and Results— To prepare for future cardiovascular care needs, the American Heart Association developed methodology to project future costs of care for hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and all other CVD from 2010 to 2030. This methodology avoided double counting of costs for patients with multiple cardiovascular conditions. By 2030, 40.5% of the US population is projected to have some form of CVD. Between 2010 and 2030, real (2008

Forecasting the Impact of Heart Failure in the United States: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association

) total direct medical costs of CVD are projected to triple, from

Obesity and severe obesity forecasts through 2030

273 billion to

Forecasting the Future of Stroke in the United States: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association

818 billion. Real indirect costs (due to lost productivity) for all CVD are estimated to increase from

Total and State-Specific Medical and Absenteeism Costs of COPD Among Adults Aged 18 Years in the United States for 2010 and Projections Through 2020

172 billion in 2010 to

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors among WISEWOMAN Enrollees

276 billion in 2030, an increase of 61%. Conclusions— These findings indicate CVD prevalence and costs are projected to increase substantially. Effective prevention strategies are needed if we are to limit the growing burden of CVD.

Technology-Enhanced Program for Child Disruptive Behavior Disorders: Development and Pilot Randomized Control Trial

Background—Heart failure (HF) is an important contributor to both the burden and cost of national healthcare expenditures, with more older Americans hospitalized for HF than for any other medical condition. With the aging of the population, the impact of HF is expected to increase substantially. Methods and Results—We estimated future costs of HF by adapting a methodology developed by the American Heart Association to project the epidemiology and future costs of HF from 2012 to 2030 without double counting the costs attributed to comorbid conditions. The model assumes that HF prevalence will remain constant by age, sex, and race/ethnicity and that rising costs and technological innovation will continue at the same rate. By 2030, >8 million people in the United States (1 in every 33) will have HF. Between 2012 and 2030, real (2010

The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a community weight management intervention: A randomized controlled trial of the health weight management demonstration☆☆☆★

) total direct medical costs of HF are projected to increase from

Beyond Effectiveness: Evaluating the Public Health Impact of the WISEWOMAN Program

21 billion to

The Costs and Impacts of Testing for Hepatitis C Virus Antibody in Public STD Clinics

53 billion. Total costs, including indirect costs for HF, are estimated to increase from