Paula Hayasi Pinho

Reabilitação psicossocial dos usuários de álcool e outras drogas: a concepção de profissionais de saúde

Estudio exploratorio de abordaje cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue identificar las concepciones de profesionales de un Centro de Referencia para el tratamiento de problemas relacionados con alcohol y otras drogas acerca de la rehabilitacion psicosocial. Fueron entrevistados once profesionales de nivel superior, por medio de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. El analisis de los datos fue norteada por los presupuestos de la hermeneutica dialectica, la cual origino la categoria rehabilitacion psicosocial. Los resultados evidenciaron que en la concepcion de los profesionales, la rehabilitacion psicosocial se da en la realizacion de talleres terapeuticos, actividades externas y en el establecimiento de sociedades con otras instituciones. Se concluye que el concepto de rehabilitacion psicosocial que mas se evidencia en la percepcion de esos sujetos esta asociada al modelo psiquiatrico tradicional, arraigado a la logica de la normalidad social, el problema principal a ser superado en la asistencia a los usuarios de alcohol y otras drogas.Exploratory study with qualitative approach that had as its main objective to identify the conception of the health professionals about Psychosocial Rehabilitation from a reference Center for the treatment of alcohol and other drugs related problems. The sample consisted of eleven health professionals with an academic degree, submitted to semi-structured interviews. The data analysis was made according to the hermeneutic dialectic method which originated the Psychosocial Rehabilitation category. The data demonstrated that in the professionals conception, the Psychosocial Rehabilitation is given in the realization of therapeutic workshops, outdoor activities, and the estabilishment of a partnership with other foundations. It is concluded that the concept of Psychosocial Rehabilitation that was made clear in the conception of these subjects is still associated to the traditional psychiatric model, which is attached to the logic of social normality, the main challenge to the psychosocial model of assistance to the alcohol and other drugs users.Exploratory study with qualitative approach that had as its main objective to identify the conception of the health professionals about Psychosocial Rehabilitation from a reference Center for the treatment of alcohol and other drugs related problems. The sample consisted of eleven health professionals with an academic degree, submitted to semi-structured interviews. The data analysis was made according to the hermeneutic dialectic method which originated the Psychosocial Rehabilitation category. The data demonstrated that in the professionals conception, the Psychosocial Rehabilitation is given in the realization of therapeutic workshops, outdoor activities, and the estabilishment of a partnership with other foundations. It is concluded that the concept of Psychosocial Rehabilitation that was made clear in the conception of these subjects is still associated to the traditional psychiatric model, which is attached to the logic of social normality, the main challenge to the psychosocial model of assistance to the alcohol and other drugs users.

O tratamento de adolescentes usuários de álcool e outras drogas: uma questão a ser debatida com os adolescentes?

CONTEXTO: O uso de alcool e outras drogas na adolescencia vem crescendo nacional e internacionalmente e tem sido considerado um problema de saude publica. Varios estudos foram realizados para contribuir com programas de prevencao e tratamento. Diante das peculiaridades da populacao adolescente, diferentes estrategias de intervencao tem sido implementadas e avaliadas. OBJETIVOS: Descrever estrategias de intervencao e programas de tratamento para adolescentes usuarios de alcool e outras drogas, bem como os procedimentos de avaliacao de efetividade. METODOS: Realizar a revisao de artigos cientificos encontrados na base de dados Adolec, de 1997 a 2007, sobre o tratamento de adolescentes usuarios de alcool e outras drogas. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados seis artigos que apresentaram semelhancas quanto a utilizacao de escalas para avaliacao, exames toxicologicos para medir a diminuicao do uso e investimento em programas de intervencao breve. A diferenca esta na avaliacao; tres deles consideraram o grau de satisfacao dos adolescentes e um unico artigo coletou os dados sem a utilizacao de escalas predeterminadas. CONCLUSOES: Ressalta-se a necessidade de sistematizacao de estudos que detalhem estrategias de intervencao e possibilitem replicacao. Aponta para questoes conceituais sobre a adolescencia e a avaliacao participativa como aspectos importantes no processo de elaboracao e avaliacao de programas.

Tradução e adaptação cultural do global appraisal of individual needs - initial

Se objetivo traducir y adaptar culturalmente el instrumento Global Appraisal of Individual Needs - Initial y calcular su Indice de Validad de Contenido. Estudio metodologico, de adaptacion cultural del instrumento. El mismo fue traducido al portugues en dos versiones que originaron la sintesis de las traducciones, sometidas a la evaluacion de cuatro expertos en el area de alcohol y otras drogas. Luego de modificaciones, fue retraducido y re-sometido a los expertos y autores del instrumento original, resultando una version final del instrumento, el Evaluacion Global de las Necesidades Individuales - Inicial. El Indice de Validad de Contenido del instrumento fue de 0,91, considerado valido por la literatura. El instrumento Evaluacion Global de las Necesidades Individuales - Inicial es un instrumento adaptado culturalmente para el portugues brasileno; mientras tanto, el instrumento no fue sometido a tests con la poblacion objeto, lo cual sugiere que sean realizados estudios que prueben su confiabilidad y validad.

Processo de trabalho e seu impacto nos profissionais de enfermagem em serviço de saúde mental

Objetivo Analisar o processo de trabalho e seu impacto nos profissionais de Enfermagem em servico de saude mental destinado a atencao aos usuarios de substâncias psicoativas. Metodos Estudo transversal que incluiu os profissionais de enfermagem em um servico de saude mental comunitario. O instrumento de pesquisa foi o SATIS-BR e um questionario com as categorias de analise do trabalho realizado. Para os dados qualitativos, empregou-se a hermeneutica dialetica. Os dados foram processados e analisados no programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Resultados Foram identificadas sobrecargas de trabalho que interferiram na satisfacao percebida pelos trabalhadores e refletiram em sua saude fisica e psiquica. Conclusao Os profissionais de Enfermagem, em seu processo de trabalho, estiveram expostos a todas as cargas de desgaste, sendo o desgaste psiquico mais intenso que o fisico, o qual refletiu na insatisfacao com a atividade laboral e na saude fisica dos trabalhadores.

Drug use, mental health and problems related to crime and violence: cross-sectional study

Objetivo: investigar la correlacion entre los trastornos relacionados con el uso de alcohol y otras drogas y los sintomas de trastornos mentales, problemas relacionados con el crimen y la violencia y a la edad y al genero. Metodos: estudio descriptivo transversal, llevado a cabo con 128 usuarios de un Centro de Atencion Psicosocial en Alcohol y otras Drogas, en la ciudad de Sao Paulo, entrevistados a traves del instrumento Evaluacion Global de Necesidades Individuales - Deteccion Corta. Se realizaron modelos de regresion lineal univariantes y multiples para verificar la correlacion entre las variables. Resultados: en los modelos de regresion univariantes, los sintomas de internalizacion, externalizacion y problemas relacionados con el crimen/la violencia se mostraron significantes y se incluyeron en el modelo multiple, en que solamente los sintomas de internalizacion y problemas relacionados con el crimen y la violencia siguieron siendo significativos. Conclusiones: hay correlacion entre la gravedad de los problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol y la severidad de los sintomas de salud mental y con el crimen y la violencia en la muestra estudiada. Los resultados enfatizan la necesidad de un caracter interdisciplinario e intersectorial de atencion al usuario de alcohol y otras drogas, ya que viven en un ambiente de vulnerabilidad social.Objective: to investigate the correlation between disorders related to the use of alcohol and other drugs and symptoms of mental disorders, problems related to crime and violence and to age and gender. Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study carried out with 128 users of a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and other Drugs, in the city of São Paulo, interviewed by means of the instrument entitled Global Appraisal of Individual Needs - Short Screener. Univariate and multiple linear regression models were used to verify the correlation between the variables. Results: using univariate regression models, internalizing and externalizing symptoms and problems related to crime/violence proved significant and were included in the multiple model, in which only the internalizing symptoms and problems related to crime and violence remained significant. Conclusions: there is a correlation between the severity of problems related to alcohol use and severity of mental health symptoms and crime and violence in the study sample. The results emphasize the need for an interdisciplinary and intersectional character of attention to users of alcohol and other drugs, since they live in a socially vulnerable environment.

Atitudes das equipes dos serviços de atenção psicossocial em álcool e drogas

Considerando que as atitudes dos profissionais de saude influenciam suas praticas assistenciais, objetivou-se mensurar as atitudes desses profissionais frente ao alcool, alcoolismo e alcoolista. Foram entrevistados 288 profissionais de 12 Centros de Atencao Psicossocial Alcool/Drogas por meio da Escala de Atitudes Frente ao Alcool, Alcoolismo e Alcoolista. Apontou-se tendencia a atitudes positivas, sobretudo dos profissionais com nivel superior e que desenvolviam intervencoes dirigidas a alertar os riscos do consumo do alcool e a desenvolver consciencia critica dos problemas. Entretanto, os trabalhadores apresentaram atitudes negativas frente a etiologia do alcoolismo e aqueles que desenvolviam intervencoes dirigidas a abstinencia apresentaram atitudes menos positivas.

Internal Consistency and Convergent Validity of the Portuguese Versions of the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs–Initial and Short Screener: Validity of the Portuguese GAIN-I and SS

The goal of this article is to present evidence on the internal consistency and convergent validity of the Brazilian Portuguese versions of the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs–“Initial” and “Short Screener” versions. MethodsOne hundred sixty-eight individuals from an inpatient service and/or a community-based outpatient service located in São Paulo were interviewed using the Brazilian Portuguese versions of the instruments. The internal consistency of the instruments scales was computed, along with evidence for the convergent validity between corresponding subscales of the Initial and Short Screener instruments. ResultsCronbach’s alpha values for both instruments’ total scale scores were greater than .7. The Short Screener scales showed strong-to-moderate correlations with corresponding subscales of the Initial. The General Individual Severity Scale from the Initial and Total Disorder Screener from the Short Screener have convergent validity with each other (&rgr; = 0.801). ConclusionsThe Brazilian Portuguese instrument scales showed evidence for internal consistency and convergent validity performing similarly to the American English versions.

Uso de drogas, saúde mental e problemas relacionados ao crime e à violência: estudo transversal

Objetivo: investigar la correlacion entre los trastornos relacionados con el uso de alcohol y otras drogas y los sintomas de trastornos mentales, problemas relacionados con el crimen y la violencia y a la edad y al genero. Metodos: estudio descriptivo transversal, llevado a cabo con 128 usuarios de un Centro de Atencion Psicosocial en Alcohol y otras Drogas, en la ciudad de Sao Paulo, entrevistados a traves del instrumento Evaluacion Global de Necesidades Individuales - Deteccion Corta. Se realizaron modelos de regresion lineal univariantes y multiples para verificar la correlacion entre las variables. Resultados: en los modelos de regresion univariantes, los sintomas de internalizacion, externalizacion y problemas relacionados con el crimen/la violencia se mostraron significantes y se incluyeron en el modelo multiple, en que solamente los sintomas de internalizacion y problemas relacionados con el crimen y la violencia siguieron siendo significativos. Conclusiones: hay correlacion entre la gravedad de los problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol y la severidad de los sintomas de salud mental y con el crimen y la violencia en la muestra estudiada. Los resultados enfatizan la necesidad de un caracter interdisciplinario e intersectorial de atencion al usuario de alcohol y otras drogas, ya que viven en un ambiente de vulnerabilidad social.Objective: to investigate the correlation between disorders related to the use of alcohol and other drugs and symptoms of mental disorders, problems related to crime and violence and to age and gender. Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study carried out with 128 users of a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and other Drugs, in the city of São Paulo, interviewed by means of the instrument entitled Global Appraisal of Individual Needs - Short Screener. Univariate and multiple linear regression models were used to verify the correlation between the variables. Results: using univariate regression models, internalizing and externalizing symptoms and problems related to crime/violence proved significant and were included in the multiple model, in which only the internalizing symptoms and problems related to crime and violence remained significant. Conclusions: there is a correlation between the severity of problems related to alcohol use and severity of mental health symptoms and crime and violence in the study sample. The results emphasize the need for an interdisciplinary and intersectional character of attention to users of alcohol and other drugs, since they live in a socially vulnerable environment.

Uso de drogas, salud mental y problemas relacionados con el crimen y la violencia: estudio transversal

Objetivo: investigar la correlacion entre los trastornos relacionados con el uso de alcohol y otras drogas y los sintomas de trastornos mentales, problemas relacionados con el crimen y la violencia y a la edad y al genero. Metodos: estudio descriptivo transversal, llevado a cabo con 128 usuarios de un Centro de Atencion Psicosocial en Alcohol y otras Drogas, en la ciudad de Sao Paulo, entrevistados a traves del instrumento Evaluacion Global de Necesidades Individuales - Deteccion Corta. Se realizaron modelos de regresion lineal univariantes y multiples para verificar la correlacion entre las variables. Resultados: en los modelos de regresion univariantes, los sintomas de internalizacion, externalizacion y problemas relacionados con el crimen/la violencia se mostraron significantes y se incluyeron en el modelo multiple, en que solamente los sintomas de internalizacion y problemas relacionados con el crimen y la violencia siguieron siendo significativos. Conclusiones: hay correlacion entre la gravedad de los problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol y la severidad de los sintomas de salud mental y con el crimen y la violencia en la muestra estudiada. Los resultados enfatizan la necesidad de un caracter interdisciplinario e intersectorial de atencion al usuario de alcohol y otras drogas, ya que viven en un ambiente de vulnerabilidad social.Objective: to investigate the correlation between disorders related to the use of alcohol and other drugs and symptoms of mental disorders, problems related to crime and violence and to age and gender. Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study carried out with 128 users of a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and other Drugs, in the city of São Paulo, interviewed by means of the instrument entitled Global Appraisal of Individual Needs - Short Screener. Univariate and multiple linear regression models were used to verify the correlation between the variables. Results: using univariate regression models, internalizing and externalizing symptoms and problems related to crime/violence proved significant and were included in the multiple model, in which only the internalizing symptoms and problems related to crime and violence remained significant. Conclusions: there is a correlation between the severity of problems related to alcohol use and severity of mental health symptoms and crime and violence in the study sample. The results emphasize the need for an interdisciplinary and intersectional character of attention to users of alcohol and other drugs, since they live in a socially vulnerable environment.

Rasch model of the GAIN substance problem scale among inpatient and outpatient clients in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

Introduction This study used the Rasch model to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Substance Problem Scale (SPS) of the “Global Appraisal of Individual Needs - Initial” for use in Brazil. The SPS measures alcohol and drug problem severity within a DSM-IV-TR framework. The goal of the Rasch analysis was to assess scale dimensionality, item severity, and differential item functioning (DIF). Methods Data was collected from 40 inpatients and 70 outpatients in São Paulo, Brazil. The Rasch model fit and DIF by gender and level of care were examined. Results The SPS fit the Rasch model, with no items distorting the measure. Only three of the sixteen items performed differently between men and women and three performed differently by level of care. Conclusions The results were compatible with those from Rasch analyses of the American English and Canadian English versions of the scale. The Portuguese version of the SPS is, thus, valid for use in Brazil, both with men and women in inpatient and outpatient programs.