Paulo Roberto Coelho Lopes

Caracterização fenológica, frutificação efetiva e produção de maçãs 'Eva' em clima semiárido no nordeste brasileiro

O presente experimento foi conduzido de agosto de 2008 a dezembro de 2009,com o objetivo de caracterizar os estadios fenologicos, frutificacao e producao de frutos de macieiras Eva, cultivadas em clima semiarido no Nordeste do Brasil. Dados fenologicos foram determinados em observacoes diarias, do estadio de gema dormente ao amadurecimento de frutas. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variaveis: i) a frutificacao efetiva; ii) o numero de frutos por planta; iii) a producao de frutos por planta (kg); e iv) o rendimento de frutos (t/ha). Sob condicoes de tropico semiarido, o ciclo vegetativo da maciera cv. Eva foi concluido em 136 (2008) e 128 dias (2009). E possivel obter producao de macas sob condicoes tropicais semiaridas. Estudos e mais alguns anos de avaliacao sao necessarios para gerar um sistema de producao de maca sob condicoes semiaridas.

AVALIAÇÃO FENOLÓGICA DA PEREIRA ‘TRIUNFO’ CULTIVADA EM CLIMA SEMIÁRIDO NO NORDESTE DO BRASIL NA SAFRA DE 2012

Phenology is a primary tool for inserting cultures in areas with different conditions from those in which they are adapted. The present study aimed to characterize phenological and productive ‘Triunfo’ pear under semiarid tropical conditions, in the Sao Francisco Valley, Northeast Brazil. The experiment was conducted from February 10th to July 2nd, 2012 in experimental orchard at theExperimental Station of Embrapa Semiarid Bebedouro, in Petrolina-PE, Brazil. Observations were madedaily, the dormant buds to fruit ripening and evaluated the following production parameters: i) ripening:the relation between number of flowers and fruits (%), ii) the number of fruits per plant; iii) productionof fruits per plant (kg) and iv) productivity (t / ha). The phenological cycle of Triumph pear lasted 144 days, the fruit set obtained was 11.43%, number of fruits per plant was 162, yield per plant was 26.34 kg andproductivity of 26.33 t ha-1. Based on the results we found the possibility of pear fruit production in semi-arid tropical condition.

Caracterização fenológica de pereiras 'Housui' e 'Kousui' cultivadas sob clima semiárido no nordeste do Brasil

Phenological observations provide sensitive information to determine how plant species respond to regional climate conditions in order to produce fruits in different regions. The experiment was conducted from September 2010 to January 2011 with the aim of characterizing the growth stages of pear Housui and Kousui, grown in semiarid climate of Northeast Brazil. The phenological data (phases) were collected in the orchard on daily observations from application of hydrogen cyanamide (to break dormancy) until the ripening fruits. It was concluded that in the semiarid climate pear Housui and Kousui they conclude their phenological cycles in 128 days and 115 days, respectively. New research and evaluation over several years will be needed to generate a system of production of pears in the semiarid northeast.

QUALIDADE DOS FRUTOS DE MACIEIRAS IRRIGADAS NO SEMIÁRIDO NORDESTINO

The great solar radiation in the Brazilian semiarid region, combined with an adequate irrigation management, favors fruit production and quality of crops that were adapted to this region. The objective of this work was to evaluate the fruit quality of two apple cultivars grown in the Sub-Mid São Francisco River Valley under different irrigation water depths. A complete randomized block experimental design in a split-plot arrangement with five replications was used. The plots consisted of four irrigation water depths (ID) (60, 80, 100 and 120% of the reference evapotranspiration ETo), the subplots consisted of two apple cultivars (C) (Julieta and Princesa) and the sub-subplots consisted of fruit positions in the tree canopies (FP) (east and west sides). The soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, pulp firmness (PF) and fresh weight (FW) of the fruits were evaluated. The factors evaluated showed no triple interaction between the evaluated factors, however, the SS and TA were significantly affected by them; the interaction between ID and C significantly affected the PF; the interaction between ID and FP significantly affected the PF, SS/TA ratio and FW; and the interaction between C and FP significantly affected the SS/TA ratio. The increase in water depth increased the fruit size of both cultivars, without compromising the post-harvest quality. The cultivar Princesa presented the best results regarding SS, TA, PF and FW, however, both cultivars had organoleptic characteristics within the recommended standards for commercialization. The fruits harvested on the west side presented better post-harvest quality.

PHENOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PEAR TREES (Pyrus communis L.) ‘PRINCESINHA’ UNDER SEMIARID CONDITIONS IN THE NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

The study of phenology is fundamental in introducing cultivars into new regions, mainly in different conditions from those in which they are adapted. The study was conducted in order to characterize the phenological phases of pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivar ‘Princesinha’, determine the fixation of fruit rate and quantify the production, as well as to determine the interference of climatic factors on the duration the budding cycle, in the region of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, PE. To perform the phenological reviews four branches were marked in five plants and the data were expressed as percentage; the variables related to productivity were recorded in all orchard plants, data were submitted to descriptive analysis; climate data and phenological stages were submitted to simple correlation analysis. Under the climatic conditions of the São Francisco Valley the pear ‘Princesinha’ complete its phenological cycle in 167 days. The plants showed a 16.05% fruit set with productivity of 35.34 t.ha-1.