Paulo Sérgio de Azevedo

Qualidade física e sensorial da carne de cordeiros de três genótipos alimentados com rações formuladas com duas relações volumoso: concentrado

The objective of this work was to evaluate sensory atributes (tenderness, odor, flavor, juiciness and color) and physical attributes (shearing force, cooking losses and the color parameters of L*, a*, b*) in addition to content of iron in the meat of Santa Ines (SI), Dorper × Santa Ines (DP × SI) and Without Definite Breed Pattern (WDB) lambs, finished in feedlots, in function of two roughage:concentrate (50:50 and 20:80) relationships in the diet. It was used 54 whole lambs (18 from each genotype, with initial average weight of 23 kg and at 150 days of age) slaughtered at 36 kg of live weight. The fed diets favored differentiation in meat color. Bright intensity (L*) differed among the genetic groups. In animals fed diet with high level of concentrate, the meat presented fewer cooking losses. It was observed the existence of a correlation between the intensity of red (a*) and the color of fresh meat and among dietary iron concentration in the meat and and bright intensity (L*). Meat of SI and SRD lambs is less tough and more juicy than meat of Dorper × Santa Ines. The ratio roughage:concentrate in the diet does not promote changes in sensory attributes and physical parameters of the meat.

UTILIZAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES METODOLOGIAS PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DA ÁREA DE OLHO DE LOMBO EM OVINOS

EnglishThe accuracy of the methodologies: UNESP- Grade, Grade, Geometric, compared to AutoCad, in determining of the area rib eye-AOL was studied. Forty Santa Ines intact male lambs with different body weights were used. Left half carcasses were conducted a cross-sectional at the level of 13 th rib and the first lumbar vertebra, for measuring AOL, by tracing the outline of muscle on plastic sheet of transparency and appropriate pen. We performed a quantitative analysis of the model accuracy using mean absolute percentage error, to measure the deviations. The lesser deviation was observed for Grade-UNESP, followed by the Grade and Geometric. Grade-UNESP method proved to be the more accurate compared to AutoCad, economically viable and applicable in the slaughter program, it was the most recommended for lamb carcass. portuguesFoi avaliada a precisao das metodologias: Grade-UNESP, Grade, Geometrico, comparadas ao AutoCad, na determinacao da area de olho de lombo-AOL de 40 ovinos inteiros Santa Ines com diferentes pesos corporais. Na meia-carcaca esquerda, foi realizado um corte transversal, a altura da 13a costela com a primeira vertebra lombar, para a mensuracao AOL, atraves do tracado do contorno do musculo em folha plastica de transparencia e caneta apropriada. Foi realiza- da uma analise quantitativa de precisao utilizando o modelo percentual do erro medio absoluto, para avaliar os desvios. A metodologia que apresentou menor desvio foi a Grade-UNESP, seguidos da Grade e o Geometrico. O metodo Grade-UNESP mostrou-se o mais preciso comparado ao AutoCad, economicamente viavel e aplicavel dentro da programacao de abate, sendo o mais recomenda- do para carcaca ovina.

Meat quality of lambs fed silk flower hay (Calotropis procera SW) in the diet

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of using silk flower hay replacing corn and soybean meal on physical-chemical and sensorial traits of lamb meat. It was used 32 intact Morada Nova male lambs (12.7 ± 2 kg initial body weigth) on feedlot system, distributed in a completely randomized design with four levels (0, 15, 30 and 45% on dry matter basis). The use of silk flower hay in the diet influenced quality of meat and carcass, leg weight, tissue composition, moisture, juiciness and flavor. Replacing corn (26.67%) and soybean (3.33%) with silk flower hay does not affect the tissue composition, ratios and muscularity index of leg and physical-chemical parameters of semimembranosus muscle of Morada Nova lambs.

Carcass characteristics of lambs fed diets containing silage of different genotypes of sorghum

Thirty-five feedlot lambs (without defined breed, aged between 5 and 7 months, with average live weight of 17.7±3.7 kg) were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effect of diets containing different genotypes of sorghum on morphometric measurements and qualitative characteristics of carcass and yields of primal cuts. The animals stayed in individual indoor pens for 42 days and slaughtered at an average weight of 26.24 kg. No significant differences were observed on morphometric measurements, hot (11.67 kg) and cold (11.39 kg) carcass weight, hot (44.46%) and cold (43.37%) carcass yields, biological yield and on cooling losses. There was also no significant effect of silages of different genotypes of sorghum on the weights and yields of retail cuts (neck, shoulder, rib, loin and leg) and on the subjective evaluation of carcasses. It is possible to finish sheep without defined breed feeding them diets based on silages of sorghum, resulting in carcasses with high yield and good conformation.

Use of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus indica Mill) replacing corn on carcass characteristics and non-carcass components in Santa Inês lambs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biometric and morphometric measures, regional composition, carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of Santa Ines lambs submitted to levels of corn replaced by cactus pear in the diet. It was used 45 Santa Ines non-castrated male lambs, with average initial live weight of 25.50 ± 0.48 kg as a completely randomized block design with five treatments (0; 25; 50; 70 and 100%) and nine replicates. There was an effect of the diet on slaughter weight, empty body weight, hot and cold carcass, cold carcass weight, shoulder weight and loin weight. Cactus pear can replace up to 75% of corn in diets for feedlot Santa Ines lambs, without compromising production, carcass characteristics and production of non-carcass components.

Características da carcaça e componentes não integrantes da carcaça de caprinos Canindé suplementados na caatinga

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of concentrate supplementation on weight gain, the quantitative characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of the castrated goat carcass Caninde breed grazing system in the native pasture caatinga. 40 goats with an average body (BW) initial weight of 15.76 ± 0.96kg were distributed in a completely randomized design in levels of 0; 0.5; 1 and 1.5% of supplementation (% BW) and were slaughtered when the animals from the 1.5% of supplementation level reached 23.10±1.74kg. Performance, carcass yield, yield of cuts and weight of non-carcass components (skin, head, blood, liver, kidneys, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract) as well as total fat weightwere positively influenced by supplementation levels. The supplementation levels of 1 and 1.5% of body weight are favorable to performance and quantitative characteristics of Caninde goat kids grazing in the native pasture caatinga.

Gérmen do milho como substituto ao milho na dieta de ovinos Santa Inês confinados: composição química e lipídica da carne

The per capita consumption of sheep meat in Brazil is still small compared to meat originating from other animal species, the lipid profile of meat named as responsible for reduced consumption. Despite the influence of sex, breed, weight at slaughter and environment, diet is seen as a major factor influencing the lipid composition of sheep meat. This study evaluated the effect of replacing corn by corn germ meal (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in the diet of Santa Ines sheep on the meats chemical and lipid composition. Forty non-emasculated animals were distributed in a randomized block experimental design, with five treatments and eight replications, and slaughtered after 70 days of confinement. There was no influence of the substitution on the meats chemical composition. No effects on the total saturated fatty acids (SFA) were observed, but there was a decreasing linear effect on the total monounsaturated fatty acids (MFA) and an increasing linear effect on the total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PFA). The PFA:SFA and ω-6:ω-3 ratios increased with the substitution level. Corn germ meal had no effect on the meats chemical composition, but improved the nutritional quality of the lipid fraction, enriching it with compounds beneficial for human health.

Consumo de agua de ovinos alimentados con diferentes niveles de nopal (Opuntia ficus indica) en Brasil

Resumen es: En 45 ovinos machos Santa Ines (peso vivo medio de 27,50 ± 0, 48 kg) se evaluo el consumo de agua, al consumir raciones con niveles crecientes (0, 25, 5...

Feeding behavior and performance of sheep fed cactus pear in substitution of corn

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feeding behavior and performance of Santa Ines sheep subjected to different levels of substitution of corn by cactus pear in the diet. Forty-fivenon-castrated male Santa Ines sheep with initial live weight of 27.50±0.48 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 70, 140, 210 and 280 g/kg DM) and nine replicates. Dry matter and neutral detergent fiberintakes showed quadratic behavior. Times spent eating, ruminating and total ruminating chews showed increasing linear behavior, while the idle time decreased with increasing amounts of dietary cactus. The feeding efficiency (gDM/h) increased linearly, while differences in rumination efficiency of the DM (g DM/h); NDF intake efficiency (gNDF/h) and NDF rumination efficiency (gNDF/h) were not significant. There was no significant effect for the number of ruminated boli and number of ruminating chews per bolus. The number of chews per day increased linearly. These results indicate that cactus pear in substitution of corn had no influence on the feeding behavior of feedlot sheep.