Pollyanna Santos da Silveira

Implicações da relação entre estigma internalizado e suporte social para a saúde: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Considerando os impactos negativos da internalizacao do estigma para a vida do individuo, e as possiveis caracteristicas protetoras do suporte social para o enfrentamento da condicao, objetivou-se realizar uma revisao sistematica da literatura acerca da relacao entre estigma internalizado e suporte social, e suas implicacoes para a saude. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PsycInfo, Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science. A amostra foi composta por 13 estudos que preencheram os criterios de inclusao. Os resultados apresentaram evidencias de uma relacao negativa entre estigma internalizado e suporte social, considerando o suporte social como uma possivel estrategia de enfrentamento ao estigma internalizado, destacando o seu efeito protetor ao amenizar as consequencias negativas de eventos estressantes sobre o bem-estar fisico e psicologico.

Moralização sobre o uso de álcool entre estudante de curso de saúde

Alcohol use is one of the major conditions that display a worldwide moralizing connotation. The objective of this present article was to investigate the stereotypes and the moral attribution of the Health College Students (HCS) about the dependence of alcohol. 138 HCS enrolled on undergraduate health courses participated of the study. Three instruments were used: questionnaire about the personal characteristics of the professionals, Evaluation questionnaire about stereotypes and moralization of the use of alcohol. Was verified that for the use of alcohol, the perception model of the HCS was moral and one of the biggest difficulties for them dealing with the patients referred to the alcoholics.

Psychosocial Understanding of Self-Stigma Among People Who Seek Treatment for Drug Addiction.

Substance use disorder is one of the most stigmatized health conditions. Stigma internalization is one of the main consequences of the stigmatization process, and it is associated with lower self-esteem and self-efficacy and worse recovery prospects. It may also bring guilt, hopelessness, anxiety, self-devaluation, and depression. This study investigated self-stigma among substance dependents who sought treatment, testing the construction of a psychosocial model for understanding this phenomenon. Individual interviews were conducted at the Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs at Juiz de Fora, Brazil. Data were subjected to exploratory statistical analysis, using descriptive and standard deviation. Three explanatory models of self-stigma were tested: the sociodemographic model, including variables such as gender, religious practice, education, marital status, employment status, and involvement in illicit activities; the psychological model, with variables related to symptoms of depression, self-esteem, and hope; and the psychosocial model, which included all sociodemographic and psychological variables. The sample was composed by 461 individuals. The results supported the hypothesis that the psychosocial model would have greater explanatory power of self-stigma among substance dependents. An association between self-stigma and the sociodemographic variables and the type of substance used was confirmed. Depressive symptoms contributed to higher scores on self-stigma. Stigma may be a barrier to access to health care, treatment, social research, social inclusion, and recovery opportunities. Interventions and treatment models that are able to reduce self-stigma would have the potential to contribute toward a reduction in the negative impacts associated with substance use disorder.

Capacitação em álcool e outras drogas para profissionais da saúde e assistência social: relato de experiência

Como alternativa ao panorama deficitario de formacao profissional para atuacao na area do uso de alcool e outras drogas, e visando a incorporacao de mudancas praticas, sao criados os Centros Regionais de Referencia sobre Drogas (CRRs). Faz-se necessario compreender e refletir sobre o papel dos CRRs nos cenarios de formacao e atuacao sobre a tematica. A partir disso, o presente artigo pretende discutir aspectos sobre a capacitacao de profissionais do Sistema Unico de Saude e Assistencia Social, por meio do relato de experiencia de um CRR de Minas Gerais. A implantacao do presente CRR possibilitou a qualificacao de profissionais em direcao a abordagens integrais e reflexivas sobre a tematica. Contudo, sao necessarias reformulacoes sobre o seu modelo, com uma posicao mais bem definida e atuante dentro das politicas sobre drogas, garantindo continuidade nas acoes e auxiliando na reformulacao das praticas.

Terapia de aceitação e compromisso (ACT) e estigma: revisão narrativa

The acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is included in the group of the cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT’s) and has as its main concept the psychological flexibility, described as the ability to contact the present moment and internal experiences and, according to the context, persist or change the quest for personal goals and values. This paper aims to describe the philosophical and theoretical assumptions of this psychotherapeutic approach, also presenting it according to its main constructs. The process of stigmatization results in several losses, not only health-wise, but also at the psychological and social levels. It is expected with this study to base future empirical proposals to reduce internalized stigma based on the principles of the ACT, since attempting to directly eliminate particular stereotypes may be less fruitful than the alternative of modifying the functional connection between thoughts, feelings, and manifest behaviors, therefore being feasible to consider the ACT as an approach for coping.

Capacitación sobre alcohol y otras drogas para profesionales de la salud y asistencia social: relato de experiencia

Como alternativa ao panorama deficitario de formacao profissional para atuacao na area do uso de alcool e outras drogas, e visando a incorporacao de mudancas praticas, sao criados os Centros Regionais de Referencia sobre Drogas (CRRs). Faz-se necessario compreender e refletir sobre o papel dos CRRs nos cenarios de formacao e atuacao sobre a tematica. A partir disso, o presente artigo pretende discutir aspectos sobre a capacitacao de profissionais do Sistema Unico de Saude e Assistencia Social, por meio do relato de experiencia de um CRR de Minas Gerais. A implantacao do presente CRR possibilitou a qualificacao de profissionais em direcao a abordagens integrais e reflexivas sobre a tematica. Contudo, sao necessarias reformulacoes sobre o seu modelo, com uma posicao mais bem definida e atuante dentro das politicas sobre drogas, garantindo continuidade nas acoes e auxiliando na reformulacao das praticas.

Training on alcohol and other drugs for health and social care professionals: report on experience

Como alternativa ao panorama deficitario de formacao profissional para atuacao na area do uso de alcool e outras drogas, e visando a incorporacao de mudancas praticas, sao criados os Centros Regionais de Referencia sobre Drogas (CRRs). Faz-se necessario compreender e refletir sobre o papel dos CRRs nos cenarios de formacao e atuacao sobre a tematica. A partir disso, o presente artigo pretende discutir aspectos sobre a capacitacao de profissionais do Sistema Unico de Saude e Assistencia Social, por meio do relato de experiencia de um CRR de Minas Gerais. A implantacao do presente CRR possibilitou a qualificacao de profissionais em direcao a abordagens integrais e reflexivas sobre a tematica. Contudo, sao necessarias reformulacoes sobre o seu modelo, com uma posicao mais bem definida e atuante dentro das politicas sobre drogas, garantindo continuidade nas acoes e auxiliando na reformulacao das praticas.

Implicaciones de la relación entre el estigma internalizado y apoyo social para la salud: una revisión sistemática de la literatura

Considerando os impactos negativos da internalizacao do estigma para a vida do individuo, e as possiveis caracteristicas protetoras do suporte social para o enfrentamento da condicao, objetivou-se realizar uma revisao sistematica da literatura acerca da relacao entre estigma internalizado e suporte social, e suas implicacoes para a saude. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PsycInfo, Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science. A amostra foi composta por 13 estudos que preencheram os criterios de inclusao. Os resultados apresentaram evidencias de uma relacao negativa entre estigma internalizado e suporte social, considerando o suporte social como uma possivel estrategia de enfrentamento ao estigma internalizado, destacando o seu efeito protetor ao amenizar as consequencias negativas de eventos estressantes sobre o bem-estar fisico e psicologico.

Implications of the relationship between internalized stigma and social support for health: a systematic review of the literature

Considerando os impactos negativos da internalizacao do estigma para a vida do individuo, e as possiveis caracteristicas protetoras do suporte social para o enfrentamento da condicao, objetivou-se realizar uma revisao sistematica da literatura acerca da relacao entre estigma internalizado e suporte social, e suas implicacoes para a saude. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PsycInfo, Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science. A amostra foi composta por 13 estudos que preencheram os criterios de inclusao. Os resultados apresentaram evidencias de uma relacao negativa entre estigma internalizado e suporte social, considerando o suporte social como uma possivel estrategia de enfrentamento ao estigma internalizado, destacando o seu efeito protetor ao amenizar as consequencias negativas de eventos estressantes sobre o bem-estar fisico e psicologico.

Evaluation of the Regional Reference Centre on Drugs of Juiz de Fora, Brazil.

There are some evidences in Brazil and others countries pointing out insufficient resources and actions to promote prevention and rehabilitation for substance abuse related disorders. Also the lack of professional qualification contributes to this scenario, generating knowledge deficiencies and inadequate practices. The study evaluates the Regional Reference Centre on Drugs of Juiz de Fora, Brazil (CRR-JF). The CRR-JF aims to train professionals of the local health sector (NHS) and social care system increasing their knowledge of screening and brief intervention (SBI) practices on the use of drugs and strengthening health care activities. Five courses are provided: Motivational Counseling and Brief Intervention, Case Management and Social Reintegration of Drug Users, Improvement of Medical Practices about Drugs, and Comprehensive Drug Care for Hospital’s Professionals. Questionnaires were applied measuring participant satisfaction and changes in the practices. The added workload of the courses was 360 hours. A total of 180 professionals attended the courses (community health workers, social workers, nurses, doctors, psychologists and others). According to results, 83.2% of participants were satisfied or very satisfied about the courses attended; 61.3% evaluated the content of the courses as good, 28% as great, and 60% were very satisfied or satisfied with the applicability of the course content. Regarding SBI, the participants showed a significant increase in their level of trust and ability to approach users of psychoactive substances and counsel them to reduce or stop their consumption. Besides providing knowledge acquisition, participation in the CRR-JF enabled greater discussion of the practices carried out, reflecting on the work of professionals in the development of more effective interventions in prevention, promotion, and psychosocial rehabilitation of users of psychoactive substances. Acknowledgments: National Secretary of Policy on Drugs (SENAD), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES).