Riyadi Santosa

Techniques for Medical Dictionary Translation

̶ The paper is an embedded-case study approaching medical dictionary translation techniques that requires specific skills from the translator. The purposively selected sources of data consist of tropical medicine related entries of the 31st Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary human and web translations, key informants and respondents. Findings of the study show that seventeen translation techniques such as naturalized and pure borrowings and established equivalent, literal, transposition, explicitation, implicitation, particularization, discursive creation, generalization, reduction, addition, ommision, description, modulation and compensation were detected in human translation. Web translation used the similar techniques except compensation but unintentionally created unintelligible translation. Combined translation techniques such as couplets, triplets and quadruplets were found in both types of translations. It is concluded that techniques for medical dictionary human and web translations as specialised, scientific and non literary translations could apply the existing procedures.

Translation Quality of Expressive Speech Acts : An Implementation of Bald on Record Impoliteness in the Translation Novel qThe Silkwormq

This study reveals how expressive speech acts representing an impoliteness strategy used in the novel. In many cases impoliteness used in speech acts is to make a disharmony relationship, but not in bald on record impoliteness strategy. This strategy explores some other ways to express the speaker’s emotion, feelings, and other psychological condition in responding situations happened. Using the theory of impoliteness proposed by Culpeper this study tries to convey some evidences of implementation at one of the theory of impoliteness strategies. The data is qualitative which is some utterances representing impoliteness and explored in descriptive ones, so that in explaining this uses descriptive-qualitative method. The data is analysed using a content analysis through purposive sampling to get the purpose of study. In assessing the quality of translation uses an assessment model designed by Nababan et,als. in which there are accurate, acceptable and readable aspects. The study results this impoliteness strategy is not the intention of the speaker to attack the hearer’s face. Most of the translation have a medium level of quality. This finding hopefully may contribute to develop a discussion of impoliteness strategy for other objects. Keywords—impoliteness; bald on record impoliteness; descriptive-qualitative; translation quality

Vulgar and Obscene Terms in Indonesian Song Lyrics (The Reflection Language Creativity)

Language is dynamic, social, complex, and multimodal, patterned and purposive just as all these kids of behavior. It is characterized from the language creativity emerging in the society as both linguistics and social phenomena. This article brings out the phenomenon of vulgar terms used in Indonesian song lyrics which is pondered belonging as the social language creativity. This research aims to describe the variation of vulgar terms found in Indonesian song lyrics. It takes 50 titles of Indonesian songs popularized between 1998 up to 2017 as the data sources. The data collected comprised of vocabularies and other forms of linguistic unit containing the phenomena of romance, loving, husband and wife relationship and family. The application of content analysis in this article is directed efficiently to describe various kinds of vocabularies or terms representing those phenomena. It focuses mainly on the transformation of general vocabularies toward explicit vulgar and obscene. The research results show that there are variation vocabulary starting implied, express, than clearly explicit and vulgar of various vocabulary who refers to romance, husband and wife relationship, and family. Keywords— vulgar, obscene. language social creativity

Complaints of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Hong Kong to Their Husband Behaviors

Complaints are all utterances that are born out of misery. Therefore, the complaints of IMWs in HK are intended as utterances that show the sorrow of the IMWs. The aim of this research is to find out forms of complaints shown by the IMWs relating to the behavior of their husbands who are staying in Indonesia. This study examines the writings of IMWs published in Iqro and CahayaQu magazines in 2014. The data collected from the selected rubrics, namely La Tahzan and Curahan Hati, Analysis were made based on Appraisal theory The result showed that doubts, sadness, pain, and anger are outnumber than affection and trust to their husbands. Keywords—complaint; migrant worker; behaviors; apparaisal; attitude

qKesaktianmuq an Expression of Language Beauty with the Content of Infidelity in a Popular Love Song Study of Language Creativity and Sexism

The objective of this article is to show that (1) various types of lingual forms containing infidelity are written with beautiful dictions as a result of the writer’s language creativity and (2) all lingual forms used in the song lyrics kesaktianmu (Your Spiritual Power) possess a sexism nuance. This present research is the resultsof the study of a text, namely song lyrics with the title of kesaktianmu popularized by a band group “Winner”. The data collection methods adopted were listening, reading and recording. The research results were as follows. 1) There were many lingual forms, which are implicitly or explicitly written in words, phrases, clauses or sentences with infidelity content. Most of them are well and beautifully rhymed aimed at hiding negative lexical meanings (infidelity). 2) The fact of the choice of the lingual forms in the song lyrics showed the existence of inferior position of women experience as the objects or the receivers of men’s activities. The lingual forms starting fromclithics, pronouns, verbs and adverbs show the evidence of the existence of sexism.

GAYA BAHASA, TEKNIK PENERJEMAHAN, DAN KUALITAS TERJEMAHAN DALAM DONGENG DISNEY DWIBAHASA BERJUDUL CINDERELLA: MY BEDTIME STORY DAN TINKERBELL AND THE GREAT FAIRY RESCUE

Yogi Rohana. 2016. Analisis Style, Teknik Penerjemahan, dan Kualitas Terjemahan Dalam Dongeng Disney Dwibahasa Berjudul Cinderella: My Bedtime Story Dan Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue. Tesis. Pembimbing I : Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D., Pembimbing II: Prof. Dr. Djatmika, M.A. Minat Utama Linguistik Penerjemhan, Program Studi S2 Linguistik, Pascasarjana, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan style (gaya bahasa) pada literatur anak, teknik penerjemahan yang digunakan, dan kualitas terjemahan dari teks anak tersebut. Gaya bahasa literatur anak ini dianalisis berdasarkan teori Linguistik Sistemik Fungsional (LSF). Jenis literatur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa dongeng anak. Teks jenis ini dipilih karena dongeng merupakan teks yang identik dibacakan pada anak-anak atau sering digunakan untuk menstimulasi perkembangan kebahasaan anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi kasus terpancang. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa leksis, kelompok nomina, dan klausa dalam dongeng anak terpilih. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah teks dongeng anak dwibahasa berjudul Cinderella: My Bedtime Story dan Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue. Disamping itu terdapat pula data dari informan yang menilai kualitas terjemahan dongeng tersebut. Kemudian data dianalisis berdasarkan teori etnografi Spradley yang terdiri dari empat tahapan analisis, yaitu tahap analisis domain, analisis taksonomi, analisis komponensial, dan analisis tema budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dongeng Cinderella: My Bedtime Story memiliki jenis leksis kongruen, dan kelompok nomina simpleks yang membentuk 37 klausa yang didominasi oleh klausa simpleks dan bentuk klausa kompleks parataktik: projeksi-lokusi.. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dongeng ini berada pada kontinum gaya bahasa cenderung lisan. Dalam teks terjemahannya, dongeng ini tidak mengalami pergeseran gaya bahasa, tetapi pergeseran banyak terjadi pada struktur kelompok nominanya. Dongeng kedua dengan judul Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue memiliki leksis kongruen dengan variasi leksis inkongruen dan kelompok nominanya sedikit kompleks sehingga membentuk 44 klausa yang terbagi dalam klausa simpleks dan kompleks dengan perbandingan yang sama. Maka disimpulkan teks ini berada pada kontinum gaya bahasa lisan tulis. Pada beberapa klausa, kelompok nomina, dan leksisnya terdapat beberapa pergeseran dalam terjemahannya. Namun demikian pergeseraan tersebut tidak mempengaruhi letak kontimun gaya bahasanya. Pada aspek kualitasnya, kedua dongeng memiliki tingkat keakuratan dan keterbacaan yang baik. Sedangkan pada aspek keberterimaannya, kedua teks kurang berterima karena pemadanan makna yang kurang tepat dan kesalahan kaidah penulisan. Kata Kunci: gaya bahasa, literatur anak, dongeng, teknik penerjemahan, kualitas terjemahan.

INDONESIAN INFLUENCE IN DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILL IN LEARNING ENGLISH: EFL LEARNERS’ IMPEDIMENTS

This article describes the Indonesian influence in developing speaking skill in learning English especially as EFL learners’ impediments. Learners speaking skill in learning English is also faced with number of problems such as their L1, social, environment and cognitive challenges related to Foreign Language Acquisition. Many scholars in the fields of language learning and teaching show evidence for L1-FL comparison by the learners when they confronted with difficulties grammatical forms including different grammatical rules, they are unaware to utter those sentences and it is natural for the learners. Since this comparison is implicit, it may result in the wrong formation rules due to an incomplete FL knowledge. In this study, an investigation was done to identify the impact of L1 (Bahasa Indonesia) on EFL learners of State Islamic Institute of Tulungagung, a small district in East Java-Indonesia, in order to get underlying basis of capturing Indonesian influence in developing speaking skill in learning English for the sake of comparing their L1-FL impediments. The study involved qualitative methods of data collection. The data collected from the subjects utterances and responses were analyzed and findings were derived. The findings show that there are number of problems which are found to have impact on EFL learners speaking. Evidence provided by the utterances samples suggests that L1 (Indonesian) played a role in the process of intermediate EFL learners speaking. The impediments include tenses, verb, subject & agreement; word order, wrong chosen word; redundancy-reduction; phonological difficulties. Understanding linguistic differences between learners’ L1 and English may help learners reduce the impact of L1. It can be assumed that a focus on speaking process as a pedagogical instrument is only for EFL learners if attention and supporting environment are given to linguistic development, if the learners are able to get sufficient and effective feedback with regards to their errors in speaking. Key words: Indonesian, influence, speaking, learning English, impediments

POLITENESS STRATEGY IN INDONESIAN TRANSLATION: HAS IT ALREADY CHANGED?

Politeness strategies show how people maintain and save other’s face in communication. Indonesian people tend to used negative politeness to show respect to others through language, meanwhile English people tend to use positive politeness. This paper aims at examining the translation of politeness strategies of directive acts used by four characters in Dan Brown’s novel entitled Deception Point and its two Indonesian translation versions. It is a qualitative research. Data were taken by using purposive sampling and analyzed by comparing linguistic markers of politeness strategies used by 2 male politicians and 2 female political advisors in giving directive acts in source text and translation texts. The result shows that: (1) all novels use more positive politeness strategies; (2) there is a tendency that the 2015 translation version used less negative politeness strategies than the old translation version; (3) It reveals that politeness stratagies in giving directive act in the translation and rank of imposition (illocution force) are changed. As a literary work, it could be the reflection of Indonesian language condition today or would influence the reader’s politeness strategies.

KESENJANGAN LEKSIKAL BAHASA INDONESIA ANTARA HOST DENGAN PENONTON ANAK DALAM ACARA TELEVISI ANAK ABC (AKSI BOCAH CILIK) DI GLOBAL TELEVISI

Issues to be raised in this study is a lexical gap between the language of Action event hosts Aksi Bocah Cilik episode 67 with an audience of children. The gap will be found through exploration on the object of research is the audience of children will look for understanding of the lexical field and lexical configurations in different types of vocabulary used in childrens television show. Theoretical approach used in this analysis is the semantics, especially the analysis of lexical field. The object of research is Ilham. The sample was taken by purposive social aspects such as age and economic background of parents. The method used is qualitative descriptive. Data retrieval and record recording technique. The research proves that (1) the concept of lexical about nouns, verbs, adjectives, numbers (counting) and the sentence has been owned by Ilham. (2) It can be said that the field of lexical and lexical obtained configuration is not yet complete, and imposible ideal as in Dictionary Thesaurus Indonesia. (3) There is a gap lexical and incompleteness lexical configuration on vocabulary proposed by host with Ilham.

TIPOLOGI DAN IKATAN KOHESIF KOLOKASI DALAM NOVEL PRIDE AND PREJUDICE DAN TERJEMAHANNYA DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA

Collocations, i.e., arbitrarily restricted lexeme combination, are both salient and problematic. This phenomenon is reflected in the intricate collocational typology between English and Indonesian. The present study aims at investigating the translation of English collocation nuclear relation into Indonesian, exploring the collocational typology of nuclear relation in English and Indonesian on two sub relations: extensions and enhancements, and examining the English and Indonesian collocational cohesive ties. This study employs a qualitative paradigm of research: the data emerged are collected descriptively and inductively. The data are taken from a novel Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen and its three translation novels in Indonesian. In identifying the data, the researcher observes the collocations through content analysis, questionnaire, and interview. Concordancer AntConc 3.4w is used to explore the English collocations. Verbs as selected items (nodes) are inputted in the machine in order to determine their spans (the number of lexical items on either side of the nodes); meanwhile, the equivalences are explored in the three translation novels. Two ways in triangulating the data are crucially important to be carried out in this research; they are: multiple and different source triangulation and method triangulation. The finding implies that the English collocational typologies cover compound collocation and complex collocation. Furthermore, the compound collocations are formulated as clausal - verbal extensions and enhancements; the complex collocations are also structured as clausal - verbal extensions and enhancements. These typologies are transferred as they are in Indonesian; on the other hand, some are emerged as lexeme, nominal group, untranslated, and negative bipolar verb. Meanwhile, the English and Indonesian cohesive ties include weak, restricted, and unique. Key words : translation, collocations, typology, nuclear relations, cohesive ties