Ulisses Umbelino dos Anjos

Diversidade de membracídeos (Hemiptera, Membracidae) e sobreposição de recursos tróficos em área do semi-árido

We examined 1,069 individuals of 13 species of membracids collected on their host plants, between August 2004 and September 2005, in a semi-arid region, State of Paraiba, Northeastern Brazil. Enchenopa concolor (Fairmaire, 1846) (31.6%) and E. euniceae Creao-Duarte & Rothea, 2006 (24.8%) were the most abundant species. Five families of host plants harbored these insects. Amongst these families, Fabaceae showed the highest richness (12) and abundance (70.3%) of membracids. Darnis olivacea Fabricius, 1803, Hygris beckeri Sakakibara, 1998 and Sundarion flavum (Fairmaire, 1846) showed the highest values of niche breadth. Amongst the most abundant species, E. minuta Creao-Duarte & Rothea, 2006 and Micrutalis binaria (Faimaire, 1846) showed the highest trophic niche overlap, but the temporal overlap between them was relatively low. The results revealed possible strategies developed by the species for coexistence and utilization of resources in Caatinga.

MODELO BASEADO EM REGRAS COMO SUPORTE À ATUAÇÃO DA DELEGACIA ESPECIALIZADA DE ATENDIMENTO À MULHER NO ENCAMINHAMENTO DE MULHERES EM SITUAÇÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA

Objective: To Develop a Model to Support Decision Making based on rules that should guide professionals of the Special Police Departments for Assistance to Women (DEAMs) in routing women under situations of domestic violence to intersectoral care services. Material and Methods: This is a methodological study that elaborates a Decision Making Model Based on Rules, which was built based on protocols, manuals and laws that support attention to women in situations of domestic violence. Results: Depending on the type of violence suffered, the woman should be referred to certain services. If violence were sexual, the woman should be addressed to hospital, psychological, legal and social support. If violence were against minors under 18 years, the Guardian Council should be activated and if that was practiced by the spouse or partner, the woman ought to be referred to shelter-houses. If violence were physical, the woman should be referred to hospital care, social and legal support. When it was related to psychological violence, the woman should be directed to psychological treatment and social assistance. Conclusion: The Model to Support Decision based on rules can provide decision support for the police stations of women in order to better inform referral depending on the type of aggression, thus meeting the expectations of women who seek DEAMs. DESCRIPTORS: Decision Support Techniques. Domestic Violence. Justice Administration System. Intersectorial Action. Comprehensive Health Care.

Regression model for interval-valued variables based on copulas

In real problems, it is usual to have the available data presented as intervals. Therefore, different approaches have been proposed to obtain a regression model for this new type of data. In this paper, we represent the interval-valued response variable as a bivariate random vector and we consider the copulas theory to propose a general bivariate distribution for Z, creating a more flexible random component to the model. Inference techniques and a residual definition based on deviance are considered, as well as applications to synthetic and real data sets that demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach. The new method is also compared with other methods reported in the literature.In real problems, it is usual to have the available data presented as intervals. Therefore, different approaches have been proposed to obtain a regression model for this new type of data. In this paper, we represent the interval-valued response variable as a bivariate random vector and we consider the copulas theory to propose a general bivariate distribution for Z , creating a more flexible random component to the model. Inference techniques and a residual definition based on deviance are considered, as well as applications to synthetic and real data sets that demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach. The new method is also compared with other methods reported in the literature.

Bivariate Generalized Linear Model for Interval-Valued Variables

Current symbolic regression methods visualize problems from an optimization point of view and do not consider the probabilistic aspects related to regression models. In this paper, we present the bivariate generalized linear model (BGLM) proposed by Iwasaki and Tsubaki [5] in the context of interval-valued data sets. Important aspects related to the BGLM that remain open or can be improved will be considered. The performance of this new approach in relation to symbolic regression methods proposed by Billard and Diday [1] and Lima Neto and De Carvalho [7] will be considered through real interval data sets.

Extensão Popular na formação profissional em saúde para o SUS: refletindo uma experiência*

O presente relato objetiva abordar a influencia da Extensao Popular na formacao universitaria em saude para o SUS, considerando a vivencia de uma estudante de enfermagem. Serao considerados os aprendizados adquiridos nas atividades desenvolvidas no Projeto Educacao Popular e Atencao a Saude da Familia (Pepasf): visitas domiciliares, reunioes semanais e nos espacos de articulacao politica comunitaria. As visitas domiciliares semanais aproximam o estudante do mundo popular que, por meio do vinculo, desenvolve novas maneiras de pensar e fazer saude; as reunioes semanais trabalham principios da interdisciplinaridade rumo ao trabalho integral em saude e; nos espacos de articulacao comunitaria, o estudante se engaja nas lutas e aprende a estimular a participacao popular. A Extensao Popular constitui uma alternativa ante o ensino na universidade que tem contribuido para uma formacao em saude coerente com os principios do SUS.

The role of local versus biogeographical processes in influencing diversity and body‐size variation in mammal assemblages

Abstract Our objective was to estimate and analyze the body‐size distribution parameters of terrestrial mammal assemblages at different spatial scales, and to determine whether these parameters are controlled by local ecological processes or by larger‐scale ones. Based on 93 local assemblages, plus the complete mammal assemblage from three continents (Africa, North, and South America), we estimated three key distribution parameters (diversity/size slope, skewness, and modal size) and compared the values to those expected if size distributions are mainly controlled by local interactions. Mammal diversity decreased much faster as body size increased than predicted by fractal niche theory, both at continental and at local scales, with continental distributions showing steeper slopes than the localities within them. South America showed a steeper slope (after controlling for species diversity), compared to Africa and North America, at local and continental scales. We also found that skewness and modal body size can show strikingly different correlations with predictor variables, such as species richness and median size, depending on the use of untransformed versus log‐transformed data, due to changes in the distribution density generated by log‐transformation. The main differences in slope, skewness, and modal size between local and continental scales appear to arise from the same biogeographical process, where small‐sized species increase in diversity much faster (due to higher spatial turnover rates) than large‐sized species. This process, which can operate even in the absence of competitive saturation at local scales, generates continental assemblages with steeper slopes, smaller modal sizes, and higher right skewness (toward small‐sized species) compared to local communities. In addition, historical factors can also affect the size distribution slopes, which are significantly steeper, in South American mammal assemblages (probably due to stronger megafauna extinction events in South America) than those in North America and Africa.

Análise da violência doméstica na saúde das mulheres

Violence against women is characterized by damage to physical and mental health of the victim, and is not linked solely to the use of physical force, but also the idea of submission, INTRODUCTION: Violence against women is characterized by damage to physical and mental health of the victim, and is not linked solely to the use of physical force, but also the idea of submission, culturally ingrained in gender relations, in which man behaves itself as being dominant and women an inferior being. As result of violence, women are hindered in their social life, repressed and psychologically shaken. It is a public health problem of great magnitude in the world. It is known that women are more vulnerable to health problems and has unique needs, differentiated from other groups in society, such as prevention, control and combat to physical and mental illnesses. According to the National Policy for Integral Attention to Womens Health, these injuries are more linked with gender issues such as the situation of discrimination in society than to biological factors. Gender inequalities, historically produced and legitimated by culture and society, put women in inferiority and depreciation position. In this context, violence is used as a mechanism of maintenance and confirmation of male power over women... A violencia contra a mulher caracteriza-se por danos a saude fisica e mental da vitima, e nao esta ligada apenas ao uso da forca fisica, mas tambem a ideia de submissao, culturalmente impregnada nas relacoes de generos, na qual o homem comporta-se como ser dominante e a mulher um ser inferior. Como consequencia da violencia, as mulheres ficam prejudicadas em sua vida social, reprimidas e psicologicamente abaladas. Trata-se de um problema de Saude Publica de grande magnitude no mundo. Sabe-se que a mulher e mais vulneravel a problemas de saude e apresenta necessidades singulares, diferenciada dos demais grupos da sociedade, tais como: prevencao, controle e combate as enfermidades fisicas e psiquicas. Segundo a Politica Nacional de Atencao Integral a Saude da Mulher, estes agravos estao mais ligados com as questoes de genero, como a situacao de discriminacao na sociedade, do que aos fatores biologicos. As desigualdades de genero, produzidas historicamente e legitimadas pela cultura e sociedade, colocam mulheres em posicao de inferioridade e desvalorizacao. Nesse contexto, a violencia e utilizada como mecanismo de manutencao e confirmacao do poder masculino sobre a mulher...

A sala de situação da dengue como ferramenta de gestão em saúde

Trata-se de estudo documental, retrospectivo e descritivo que utilizou os dados do primeiro semestre de 2012 do Sistema de Informacao de Agravos de Notificacao com o objetivo de apresentar a sala de situacao da dengue do Distrito Sanitario IV (DSIV), Joao Pessoa -PB como ferramenta de apoio ao planejamento e a gestao. Como resultado do estudo, dos 2.732 casos de dengue notificados, confirmaram-se 1.645. No territorio do DSIV, notificaram-se 302 casos, com maior incidencia nos bairros Centro (9,8%), Treze de Maio (7%) e Varadouro (6,1%). Aponta-se a importância do uso da informacao para avaliacao da situacao de saude e tomada de decisao com vistas a direcionar acoes intersetoriais, educativas e de conscientizacao.

Perfil dos usuários de substâncias psicoativas de João Pessoa

Objetiva-se descrever o perfil dos usuarios de substâncias psicoativas de Joao Pessoa com dados de 706 usuarios, analisados no R Project, aplicando o Qui-quadrado. Em sua maioria, os usuarios eram do sexo masculino, de pardos, solteiros, de 21 a 30 anos, de baixa escolaridade, desempregados, cuja relacao familiar era boa. A maior parte adentrou no servico por demanda espontânea e era acompanhada na modalidade semi-intensiva, consumiam de 01 a 10 tipos de drogas, sendo as mais frequentes alcool, tabaco, crack e maconha. Faz-se importante conhecer o perfil dos usuarios de drogas, de modo a orientar as equipes de saude para lidar com sua diversidade e a promover acoes conforme a realidade da clientela.

Construção de um Vê de Gowin para análises de produções acadêmicas de Enfermagem

The paper presents a meaningful learning tool known as Gowins V and highlights the possibility of using it in the process of unpacking academic work in nursing. Our study aims to propose an amendment to this tool using the elements that comprise the procedural trajectory of the Theory of Nursing Praxis Intervention in Collective Health (TIPESC) and to analyze a dissertation produced in this field. This descriptive and exploratory study presents Gowins V and proposes changes to its methodology. It thus shows the possibility of using this heuristic instrument to analyze academic work in nursing. Gowins V has already proven to be useful in supporting teaching and learning processes and analyzing academic work in the area through its ability to capture and interpret any phenomenon articulated in the processes of social production and reproduction.The paper presents a meaningful learning tool known as Gowins V and highlights the possibility of using it in the process of unpacking academic work in nursing. Our study aims to propose an amendment to this tool using the elements that comprise the procedural trajectory of the Theory of Nursing Praxis Intervention in Collective Health (TIPESC) and to analyze a dissertation produced in this field. This descriptive and exploratory study presents Gowins V and proposes changes to its methodology. It thus shows the possibility of using this heuristic instrument to analyze academic work in nursing. Gowins V has already proven to be useful in supporting teaching and learning processes and analyzing academic work in the area through its ability to capture and interpret any phenomenon articulated in the processes of social production and reproduction.