Ronny Rachman Noor

Phylogenetic analysis of Aceh cattle breed of Indonesia through mitochondrial D-Loop region

The objective of this research was to find the basic data on genetic diversity of mtDNA D-Loop in Aceh cattle and its association with Bhutanese, Chinese, and Indian cattle. There were sixty samples of DNA which had been sequenced; i.e. Banda Aceh (11), Saree (20), and Indrapuri (29). To the best of our knowledge this is the first published data on the complete mitochondrial D-Loop sequence of Aceh cattle. Results show that Aceh cattle have the closest relationship to Bos indicus and have been influenced by Bos taurus. The closest genetic ranges among Aceh cattle, Bhutanese, Chinese, Indian and Zebu were Aceh–Zebu (0.0138), Aceh–Bhutanese (0.0156), Aceh–Chinese (0.0190) and Aceh–Indian (0.0193). D-Loop mtDNA analyses showed that there were 27 haplotypes in which twenty-one samples spread in haplotype 1, two samples were in haplotype 2, and the other four haplotypes had various samples in the range of three to seventeen samples. One sample of Aceh cattle from Saree has a closest maternal genetic with B. taurus. One of the four mutations among the star-shaped clusters on median joining network was a new specific haploid-group in Aceh cattle. From this finding it could be assumed that Aceh cattle form a specific haplotype and it can be conclude that Aceh cattle are animal genetic resources from Aceh in Sumatera Island that have to be preserved.

KURVA PERTUMBUHAN SAPI PERAH FRIES HOLLANDS DARI LAHIR SAMPAI UMUR KAWIN PERTAMA DENGAN MODEL MATEMATIKA LOGISTIC

Tujuan utama dalam pembuatan model kurva pertumbuhan adalah untuk deskripsi dan prediksi. Tujuan deskripsi merupakan upaya untuk bisa mempermudah interpretasi dari proses pertumbuhan ternak menjadi hanya beberapa parameter, sedangkan tujuan prediksi lebih fokus bagaimana metode untuk memprediksi dari beberapa parameter. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat model kurva pertumbuhan sapi perah Fries Hollands dari lahir sampai siap kawin yang sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi skala industri peternakan sapi perah. Data bobot badan sapi betina yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan hasil penimbangan bobot badan dari sapi perah Fries Hollands yang dipelihara oleh PT Taurus Dairy Farm Sukabumi dari tahun 2001 sampai 2011, sejumlah 1221 ekor, individu yang mempunyai data lengkap dari lahir sampai umur kawin pertama sebanyak 373 ekor. Sedangkan untuk data BPPTU Baturraden 214 ekor data kelahiran sampai ternak siap untuk dikawinkan pertama kali dari 2010 sampai 2011. Data dianalisis menggunakan program SAS 9.2 dengan prosedur NLIN (Non Linear). Kurva yang dihasilkan dapat dipakai sebagai standar kurva pertumbuhan sapi perah Fries Hollands di Indonesia dari lahir hingga siap kawin. Model matematik Logistic dapat dipakai untuk menduga kurva pertumbuhan karena mempunyai tingkat akurasi yang tinggi dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) lebih dari 90%.

Characteristics Morphology Female Reproductive System Pegagan Ducks

Pegagan duck as native south sumatera duck were one of specific genetic resource that needs to be preserved and explored. Scientific information on Pegagan as animal genetic resources is less than other native ducks. This study was done in order toObservation of the female reproductive organs.Observation of the female reproductive organs using a sample of each generation (G0, and G1) as 6 tails. Samples were taken after a female duck egg production decreased by 50% with the criteria of egg production is high, medium and low, respectively 2 tails, drake samples were taken during the last IB conducted respectively by 4 tails.Then for each block of 5 tissue using rotation microtome and placed on top of a glass of fat-free objects. After the glass object existing network incision is stored in an incubator at a temperature of 37o C for 1 night. The next process is staining (staining) with haematoxylin-eosin and tissue closure with cover glass (mounting).There productive tract between elders G0 and F1 offspring are generally the same. The over all length of the reproductive tract is similar to duck Pegagan Tsaiya and Khaki Campbell ducks

Puberty of Katingan cow in realation to Cu mineral and the environtment

The onset of puberty is an important role in order to optimize performance of Katingan cattle reproduction. The onset of puberty can be estimated from to blood progesterone concentration. In this study the onset of puberty was estimetid through analysis of progesterone hormone in various age of individual cattle. Thirty blood samples were obtained from 30 Katingan heifers of 13 months and 15 days to 23 months and 18 days old from Tumbang Lahang (10 samples) and Buntut Bali (20 sampels) to be analyzed for progesterone concentrations using RIA method. The same samples were also analyzed to find out information about Copper (Cu) concentration. The results showed that progesterone concentration varied narrowly from 0.008 to 0.184 ng/ml. The result indicated that the Katingan cattle in 23 months old was still in prepuberty category. Environment factor such as land pH was acid (pH<6), grass quality and climate in term of temperature and humidity relatively high, may an important role to delay the oset of their puberty. One of the environment problem was proved by the most of the same samples than had under adequate value of level of Copper. Key Words: Katingan Cattle, Progesterone, Puberty, Cu mineral, Environment

The qualitative variation of Katingan cattle

The characterization is main activities in order to identify important trait of Katingan cattle. Information of its phenotypic characteristic is not available yet. The aim of the study is to describe the qualitative characteristic of Katingan cattle. Three location of the study were sub-district of Tewah Sanggalang Garing (Pendahara Village), sub-district of Pulau Malan (Buntut Bali Village), and sub-district of Katingan Tengah (Tumbang Lahang Village). The samples of Katingan cattle were taken as many as possible based on the field conditions to observe pattern of colour, growth of horn and gibbosity appear among two horns. General characteristic of Katingan cattle was various in colours of coat, having horns, humped and dewlop. The main characteristics were expressed at female of Katingan cattle. There were six variations of horn shape at female, however the growth of arching forwards was dominant (78.4%). Horn shape of male was generally grown upside (98.3%). Gibbosity was founded among horn only at female cattle (92.6%). There were 9 combinations of coat colour of female Katingan Cattle, those were brown reddish (27%), brown whitish (14.1%), brown like colour of Bali cattle (13.8%), black (12.5%), brown dull (9.6%), brown sorrel (9.3%), blackish (7.1%), white brownish (5.5%) and white grayish (4.5%). Male of Katingan cattle had eight colour combinations, those were brown whitish (14.8%), brown whitish and reddish (14.8%), brown reddish (13.1%), blackish (12.3%), brown whiteish with black withers (10.7%), brown sorrel (9.8%) and brown sorrel with black withers (7.8%). Based on qualitative analysis, the Katingan cattle had variations in coat of colour, growth of horn and the gibbosity. The variation of coat colour had potentially selection related to the value of cultural. Key Words: Katingan Cattle, Qualitative, Coat Colour, Horn, Gibbosity

Evaluation of genetic diversity of Katingan catlle and their genetic relationship with some other local catlle through DNA microsatellite analysis

Katingan cattle is one of Indonesian animal genetic resources located in Katingan District, Central Kalimantan. The Katingan cattle is predicted to be extint, therefore it is necessary to conserve the cattle. Breed characterization is the primary step in any conservation program. Characterization was done using 10 microsatellite markers to evaluate the genetic diversity of Katingan Cattle in three subpopulations and their genetic relationship with some other local cattle. A total number of 72 random whole blood of Katingan samples consisted of Pendahara (20 samples), Buntut Bali (20 samples), and Tumbang Lahang (32 samples) were used. The samples of Bali, PO, and Limousine Cattle were 11, 6, and 3 respectivelly. The number of 136 aleles were found with the variation from 9 aleles (ILSTS089) to 18 aleles (ILSTS013) and the average of the alele was 13.6 aleles per locus. A number of alel from Tumbang Lahang was higher (10.8 aleles) than Pendahara (10.4 aleles) and Buntut Bali subpopulation (7.3 aleles). Some loci produced polymorphic diagnostic aleles which varied from 1-7 types of allele. HEL013 and BM1818 had four aleles, while ILSTS026 and ILSTS089 had five and six aleles respectively. ILSTS029 and ILSTS036 had seven aleles. The diagnostic aleles were also found in Tumbang Lahang subpopulastion, as well as in Pendahara, and Buntut Bali. Heterozigositas values of Pendahara, Buntut Bali, and Tumbang Lahang subpopulation were 0.454, 0.478, and 0.529 respectively. While the average of heterozigositas (Ĥ) was 0.492. Subpopulation of Tumbang Lahang was closer genetically to Pendahara (0.169) than Buntut Bali (0.173) and also the subpopulation was closer genetically to PO cattle (0.259) when compared to Buntut Bali (0.311) and Pendahara (0.329). The population of Katingan cattle was within one kluster with PO Cattle. Key Words : Katingan Cattle, Microsatellite, Genetic Diversity

Lambing behavior of Garut ewes and its crosses with St. Croix and Moulton Charollais

Lamb mortality is highly related to ewe behavior at lambing. The purpose of this research was to study ewe lambing behavior and lamb behavior after birth of Garut (GG) sheep and its crosses with St. Croix (HH) and Moulton Charollais (MM). The number of observation were 106 head, consist of 32 GG; 23 of HG; 14 of MG; 31 of MHG and 6 of HMG crossed ewes. Analysis of variance of general linear model (GLM) for different number of sample was used to study ewe behavior of different group of ewes. Linear regression was used to analyze relationships between lambing behavior; times from birth to stand up and ewe body weight. While relationship between labor time and parity or type of birth were analyzed descriptively. Before lambing, ewes stood up, lain down, walked in circle, vocalized, urinated, flehmened, and pawed. HG and HMG ewes stood up less often than other breeds (P<0.05). Lambing time was distributed randomly for GG, HG, MG and MHG ewes, but HMG ewes mostly lambed at night (66.67%). Labor time of HMG ewes was significantly shorter than other breeds (P<0.05) and was not affected by birth weight, birth type and neither by parity. The ewes generally lambed in lay down position. After lambing, ewe normally stood up and cleaned the lamb immediately. The cleaning generally begin from the head progressed down to the whole body. The success for lamb to stand up was not significantly different among breeds. Key Words: Lambing Behavior, Garut, Crossbreeding, St. Croix, Moulton Charollais