Rosario García Cruz

META-ANALYSIS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ERP SYSTEMS

The study presents a systematic literature review on the implementation of ERP systems. The analyses are based on 168 articles published in ISI journals. Firstly, the course of investigation on the phenomenon is investigated. Then, methodologies under use are specified in the analysis: field work - statistical technique and variables; case studies – the type of design and study problem; conceptual works – their impact on literature. Additionally, critical success factors proposed for the implementation of ERP systems are summarized. Lastly, with the purpose of supporting the development of future assumptions, some conclusions are provided on the scientific background for the study. A general analysis concludes that publications on ERP system implementation show a clear expansion trend, and are concentrated in information system journals. Empirical studies are privileged, with case studies used more frequently. Organizations under study are usually multinationals in the industrial sector. Based on that review, one concludes that: 1- organization size plays a key role in ERP systems implementation; 2- the factors that affect late ERP adoption differ from those that affect early implementation; 3- cultural collision can be felt at ERP implementation; 4- diligent studies on success factors in ERP implementation are few in number; 5- there is not one single dimension to measure ERP system success.

META-ANÁLISIS SOBRE LA IMPLANTACION DE SISTEMAS DE PLANIFICACIÓN DE RECURSOS EMPRESARIALES (ERP)

The study presents a systematic literature review on the implementation of ERP systems. The analyses are based on 168 articles published in ISI journals. Firstly, the course of investigation on the phenomenon is investigated. Then, methodologies under use are specified in the analysis: field work - statistical technique and variables; case studies - the type of design and study problem; conceptual works - their impact on literature. Additionally, critical success factors proposed for the implementation of ERP systems are summarized. Lastly, with the purpose of supporting the development of future assumptions, some conclusions are provided on the scientific background for the study. A general analysis concludes that publications on ERP system implementation show a clear expansion trend, and are concentrated in information system journals. Empirical studies are privileged, with case studies used more frequently. Organizations under study are usually multinationals in the industrial sector. Based on that review, one concludes that: 1- organization size plays a key role in ERP systems implementation; 2- the factors that affect late ERP adoption differ from those that affect early implementation; 3- cultural collision can be felt at ERP implementation; 4- diligent studies on success factors in ERP implementation are few in number; 5- there is not one single dimension to measure ERP system success.

Fatores chave para o sucesso das Born Global: comparação entre a teoria e a prática

O fenomeno Born Global trata-se de um modelo empresarial orientado para o mercado internacional desde sua fundacao. Este artigo cientifico tem como objetivo comparar a teoria sobre as principais etapas a serem seguidas para o sucesso das Born Global e a pratica atraves do estudo de caso. A teoria foi apresentada apos pesquisa na literatura, onde foram encontrados 421 trabalhos dispostos nas bases de dados Scielo e Web of Science, revelando as contribuicoes sobre o tema. Em paralelo foi realizada uma entrevista a 228 individuos inseridos no contexto de negocios internacionais a respeito das Born global, seus conceitos e exemplos de empresas que adotam esta tipologia. Os resultados revelaram que apenas 3% conheciam uma terminologia que esta em uso a mais de 20 anos e, no estudo de caso, em uma empresa Born Global Espanhola, foram ratificados varios pontos da literatura como a importância de fatores como o comprometimento com o mercado, formacao aliancas estrategicas, experiencia no mercado internacional, correr riscos, entre outros descritos. E foram sugeridos novos rumos como empresas apatridas.

Factores críticos de éxitos en busca de la ventaja competitiva dentro del Comercio Electrónico: un estudio empírico en las empresas paraguayas

Electronic commerce has been one of the most active fields of investigation in Information Technology in the last few years. It would be interesting to find out which critical factors keep electronic commerce from achieving success and which factors would be regarded as a sustainable competitive advantage for companies. In this investigation we have developed a model for the achievement of success in electronic commerce based on what is proposed by DeLone and McLean regarding the current model to achieve success in Information Systems, tested by the AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures), through a sample of 55 Paraguayan companies. As for the bibliography used, we have performed a meta-analysis study with the purpose of identifying the most relevant journals, with their respective current authors and the indicators that represent the importance to the project. The results have yielded valuable conclusions to the Paraguayan reality as only two of the 10 indentified critical factors for success were detected: “Experts in information technology (IT) and infrastructure” and “Interoperability of the system”. These are regarded as factors which have been converted into a timely competitive advantage but not into a sustainable competitive advantage through time, due to reasons such as a lack of experts in information technology (IT), particularly regarding the knowledge of electronic commerce and the sluggishness of development of electronic commerce which carries out online activities.

UNKNOWN LOSS IN SPAIN: CONCERN ABOUT THE DISTRIBUTION SECTOR

Unknown loss in Spain is one of the retail companies’ current problems, given that it can mean about 1% of total supply item sales. This fact not only affects distributing companies: the supplier or maker is also affected as they must often make special discounts on account of their loss percentages. This problem also affects the end customer both in the increase of the products’ sales price due to the cost entailed for the distributor and, as different protection systems exist, difficulty when acquiring the product. The distributor must try to control the uncertainty that unknown loss entails and, therefore, must fight against it via an awareness which results in analysis and knowledge of it and a search for both technological and management solutions.