Roseane de Fátima Guimarães

Association between sedentary behavior and anthropometric and metabolic profiles among adolescents

El objetivo fue investigar la asociacion entre el comportamiento sedentario y el perfil antropometrico y metabolico en adolescentes en la ciudad de Curitiba, Parana. Los participantes fueron 572 adolescentes matriculados en las escuelas publicas. Se recogieron 8 ml de sangre para determinar el colesterol total (CT), LDL-c, HDL-c, trigliceridos y glucosa. Se midio la altura y el peso para calcular el indice de masa corporal. Los datos sobre la informacion personal, el nivel socioeconomico, el nivel de actividad fisica, el sedentarismo y el consumo alimentario se recogieron a traves de cuestionarios auto-completados. Se empleo la estadistica descriptiva, medidas de tendencia central y de proporcion, y la regresion logistica binaria para obtener la odds ratio con intervalo de confianza del 95% y p<0,05. La mitad de las chicas tenian el colesterol alto y existe una asociacion positiva significativa entre el tiempo total de pantalla y las variables metabolicas evaluadas en el estudio. Llegamos a la conclusion de que las chicas presentan el CT menos favorable que los ninos y el tiempo total de pantalla corresponde a las variables metabolicas.

BONE GEOMETRY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

ABSTRACT Objective: To perform a systematic review on the practice of physical activity and/or sports in health and its influence on bone geometry of healthy children and adolescents. Data source: The method used as reference was the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Databases searched for articles published from 2006 to 2016, with “Bone geometry” AND (Sport* OR Exercise* OR “Physical Activity”) as descriptors, were PubMed, BIREME/LILACS and SciELO. Data syntheses: After the selection, 21 articles were included. Most studies stated that practice of physical activity and/or sports was beneficial for bone geometry and bone mineral density. Only two studies presented values of bone parameters for control individuals better than those of swimmers. Physical activities and sports studied were: gymnastics (n=7), rhythmic gymnastics (n=2), tennis (n=1), soccer (n=3), capoeira (n=1), swimming (n=4), cycling (n=0), jumping activities (n=2), studies relating physical activity with isokinetic peak torque (n=1), physical activity measured by questionnaire (n=4), and additional physical education classes (n=2). Conclusions: Among the sports and physical activities found, gymnastics, soccer, and more intense physical activity assessed by questionnaires were mentioned along with better results in bone geometry compared to the absence of physical activity, whereas swimming and jumping exercises did not influence it. Therefore, sports activities with weight bearing and those practiced more frequently and intensively are beneficial for bone geometry.

Competitive Swimming and Handball Participation Have a Positive Influence on Bone Parameters as Assessed by Phalangeal Quantitative Ultrasound in Female Adolescents

PURPOSE To examine the influence of participation in competitive sports on bone parameters, as assessed by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the phalanges in female adolescents. METHODS Female adolescents (n = 329, 13.0-16.7 years old) were classified into handball (n = 55), swimming (n = 49) and control (n = 225) groups. QUS was used to evaluate the amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SoS) and bone transmission time (BTT), and their z-scores (zAD-SoS and zBTT) were calculated. Anthropometric measurements and Tanners stages were also obtained. RESULTS Swimmers had higher AD-SoS (2089 ± 43.8 m/s) and zAD-SoS (0.47 ± 0.8) than controls (2060 ± 54.0 m/s; 0.09 ± 1.0; both p ≤ .05) and both groups of athletes had higher BTT (handball: 1.44 ± 0.2 μs; swimming: 1.45 ± 0.2) and zBTT (handball: 0.71 ± 0.8; swimming: 0.72 ± 1.1) than the control group (1.37 ± 0.2 μs; 0.32 ± 0.9; all p ≤ .05). Swimmers had a higher total training time (TTT: 52.5 ± 27.6 months) and frequency of training per week (FT: 5.38 ± 0.1) compared with the handball group (35.9 ± 18.1; 3.32 ± 0.8; p ≤ .05). zAD-SoS, BTT and zBTT were positively correlated with FT, while BTT and zBTT showed a positive correlation with TTT. CONCLUSIONS Sports practice influences bone parameters and higher bone parameter values are related to the amount of time and frequency of weekly training. The differences in phalangeal QUS parameters are independent of the impact of weight-bearing exercise.

Accuracy of Body Mass Index Cutoffs for Classifying Obesity in Chilean Children and Adolescents

Objective: To determine the accuracy of two international Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-offs for classifying obesity compared to the percentage of fat mass (%FM) assessed by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in a Chilean sample of children and adolescents; Material and Methods: The subjects studied included 280 children and adolescents (125 girls and 155 boys) aged 8 to 17 years. Weight and height were measured. The BMI was calculated. Two international references (IOFT and WHO) were used as cut-off points. The %FM was assessed by DXA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the performance of BMI in detecting obesity on the basis of %FM; Results: A high correlation was observed between the %FM measured by the DXA and the Z-scores of IOTF and WHO scores in the Chilean adolescents separated by sex (r = 0.78–0.80). Differences occurred in both references (IOFT and WHO) in relation to the criteria (p < 0.001). Both references demonstrated a good ability to predict sensitivity (between 84% and 93%) and specificity (between 83% and 88%) in both sexes of children and adolescents; Conclusions: A high correlation was observed between the Z-score of the BMI with the percentage of fat determined by the DXA. Despite this, the classifications using the different BMI cut-off points showed discrepancies. This suggests that the cut-off points selected to predict obesity in this sample should be viewed with caution.

Associação entre comportamento sedentário e perfil antropométrico e metabólico entre adolescentes

El objetivo fue investigar la asociacion entre el comportamiento sedentario y el perfil antropometrico y metabolico en adolescentes en la ciudad de Curitiba, Parana. Los participantes fueron 572 adolescentes matriculados en las escuelas publicas. Se recogieron 8 ml de sangre para determinar el colesterol total (CT), LDL-c, HDL-c, trigliceridos y glucosa. Se midio la altura y el peso para calcular el indice de masa corporal. Los datos sobre la informacion personal, el nivel socioeconomico, el nivel de actividad fisica, el sedentarismo y el consumo alimentario se recogieron a traves de cuestionarios auto-completados. Se empleo la estadistica descriptiva, medidas de tendencia central y de proporcion, y la regresion logistica binaria para obtener la odds ratio con intervalo de confianza del 95% y p<0,05. La mitad de las chicas tenian el colesterol alto y existe una asociacion positiva significativa entre el tiempo total de pantalla y las variables metabolicas evaluadas en el estudio. Llegamos a la conclusion de que las chicas presentan el CT menos favorable que los ninos y el tiempo total de pantalla corresponde a las variables metabolicas.

Asociación entre sedentarismo y los perfiles metabólicos y antropométricos en adolescentes

El objetivo fue investigar la asociacion entre el comportamiento sedentario y el perfil antropometrico y metabolico en adolescentes en la ciudad de Curitiba, Parana. Los participantes fueron 572 adolescentes matriculados en las escuelas publicas. Se recogieron 8 ml de sangre para determinar el colesterol total (CT), LDL-c, HDL-c, trigliceridos y glucosa. Se midio la altura y el peso para calcular el indice de masa corporal. Los datos sobre la informacion personal, el nivel socioeconomico, el nivel de actividad fisica, el sedentarismo y el consumo alimentario se recogieron a traves de cuestionarios auto-completados. Se empleo la estadistica descriptiva, medidas de tendencia central y de proporcion, y la regresion logistica binaria para obtener la odds ratio con intervalo de confianza del 95% y p<0,05. La mitad de las chicas tenian el colesterol alto y existe una asociacion positiva significativa entre el tiempo total de pantalla y las variables metabolicas evaluadas en el estudio. Llegamos a la conclusion de que las chicas presentan el CT menos favorable que los ninos y el tiempo total de pantalla corresponde a las variables metabolicas.