Rosemeiry Melo Carvalho

Análise do suprimento atual e potencial de água potável para os municípios cearenses

This paper analyzes the situation of supply of drinking water for residents in the seats of municipalities in Ceara with minor and major and HDI, respectively, with higher and lower rates of growth in that index. The main objective of this analysis is to identify the main contrasts and similarities between the municipalities regarding the conditions of supply of drinking water, especially with regard to the current bid; critical levels of supplies, and investments in the sector. Data were collected by the National Water Agency (ANA). Based on the results obtained it was concluded that in municipalities with the highest HDI: have a greater expectation of meeting the water supply for the year 2015; there is a better distribution of water sources; the management systems of water supply is more decentralized; and, there is a lower frequency of conflicts over water use. In all districts examined, however, the main cause of conflicts over water use is the silting of water sources, mainly from the reservoirs.

Learning-by-Doing, produtividade agrícola e crescimento econômico

Este artigo procura explicar a influencia da produtividade agricola sobre o emprego, renda e bem-estar de economias abertas utilizando uma extensao ao modelo do Matsuyama (1992). O modelo originalmente proposto difere do modelo aqui apresentado em relacao a duas suposicoes basicas. Primeiro considera-se que a dinâmica da economia esta condicionada a evolucao da produtividade nos setores agricola e industrial. Adicionalmente, supoe-se que nao ha spillovers entre as economias. A partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se verificar que as conclusoes em Matsuyama representam um caso particular de conclusoes mais gerais, onde dependendo da magnitude dos parâmetros observados, os ganhos de produtividade na agricultura podem nao reduzir o crescimento da economia, de forma que nao existe necessariamente uma relacao negativa entre produtividade agricola e crescimento economico, como caracterizado no modelo de Matsuyama (1992). Por outro lado, o fato de uma economia se especializar na agricultura nao necessariamente implicaria em perda de bem-estar tanto no curto quanto no longo prazo.

VANTAGENS COMPARATIVAS E DESEMPENHO DAS EXPORTAÇÕES DO SETOR PESQUEIRO BRASILEIRO NO MERCADO NORTE-AMERICANO

Esse estudo tem como principal objetivo analisar a competitividade das exportacoes brasileiras de pescado no mercado dos Estados Unidos no periodo de 2000 a 2006. Para identificar os produtos que apresentam vantagem comparativa revelada e analisar a qualidade de especializacao foram utilizados os indicadores de Vantagem Comparativa Revelada (VCR), a Taxa de Cobertura (TC) e indicador de Desempenho Comercial (DES). Com base nos resultados obtidos concluiu-se que os produtos do setor pesqueiro brasileiro apresentam vantagem comparativa no mercado norte-americano, destacando-se os crustaceos e os peixes (fresco, frio e congelado inteiro). Esses produtos estao em situacao competitiva otima, ou seja, tem vantagem comparativa e aumentaram sua insercao no mercado internacional. Adicionalmente, destacam-se como pontos fortes do setor, os peixes congelados inteiros, enquanto os crustaceos e os moluscos representam pontos fracos.----------------------------This study has as main objective to analyze the competitiveness of the Brazilian exports of fish in the market of the United States in the period 2000 to 2006. To identify the products that present revealed comparative advantage and to analyze the specialization quality they were used indicators of Revealed, Comparative Advantage, Tax of Covering and Commercial Acting. With base in the obtained results was ended that the products of the Brazilian fishing section present comparative advantage in the North American market, standing out the crustaceans and the fish (fresh, cold and frozen entirely). With base in the obtained results was ended that those products are in great competitive situation, in other words, they have comparative advantage and they increased his insert in the international market. Additionally, they stand out as strong points of the section, the whole fish, while the crustaceans and the mollusks represent weak points.

O comércio intra-setorial e suas implicações para a economia cearense

This study aimed at the participation of intra-sectorial commerce of export results in Ceara state and its impacts on main economic variables from 1996 to 2004. The intensity of this type of commercial transactions was identified, based on the Index considered for Grubel and Lloyd (1975). Consequently, it was analyzed its contribution for the total of internationally commercialized merchandises, based on methodology proposed for Menon and Dixon (1996). The analysis of the data show that intra-sectorial commerce has a small contribution at total commerce results and, despite some primary products and mineral participate, manufactures are main products. Regarding impacts on main economic variable, it was verified that the intra-sectorial commerce has positive effect on the generation of new jobs. However, its intensification can provoke increases in the concentration of export guideline and in the income level while reduces the degree of commercial aperture of Ceara state.