Sabine Junginger

Integrating Evidence-Based Design and Experience-Based Approaches in Healthcare Service Design

Objective: To investigate the connections between, and respective contributions of, evidence-based and experience-based methods in the redesign of healthcare services. Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) preceded (and inspired) the development of evidence-based design (EBD) for healthcare facilities. A key feature of debate around EBM has been the question of interpretation of the guidance by experienced clinicians, to achieve maximum efficacy for individual patients. This interpretation and translation of guidelines—avoiding a formulaic approach, allowing for divergent cultural and geographical exigencies, creating innovative, context-specific solutions—is the subject of this discussion, which examines the potential for integration of evidence-based and experience-based approaches in the development of creative solutions to healthcare services in England. This paper examines Practice-Based Commissioning (PBC) in England, which devolves responsibility for commissioning new services for patients to frontline clinicians, relying on their understanding of patient needs at the local level. Methods: An 18-month project, funded by the Health and Care Infrastructure Research and Innovation Centre (HaCIRIC), examined PBC frameworks in England, investigating the impact of different models of governance on the development of service redesign proposals to answer the following questions: How do clinicians interpret the multiplicity of guidance from government agencies and translate this into knowledge that can be effectively used to redesign patient care pathways aligned with local healthcare priorities? How can understanding patient and staff “experiences” and key “touch points” of interaction with local healthcare services be used to provide a creative, customized solution to the design of healthcare services in a local, community-based framework?

The handbook of design management

The management of design has emerged as central to the operational and strategic options of any successful organization. The Handbook of Design Management presents a state of the art overview of the subject - its methodologies, current debates, history and future. The Handbook covers the breadth of principles, methods and practices that shape design management across the different design disciplines. These theories and practices reach from the operational to the strategic, from the product to the organization. Bringing together leading international scholars, the Handbook provides a guide to the latest research in the field. It also documents the shifts that have been taking place both in management and in design which have highlighted the value of design thinking and design education to organizations. Presenting the first systematic overview of the subject - and offering a wide range of examples, insights and analysis - the Handbook is an invaluable resource for researchers and students in design and management as well as for design practitioners and professional managers.

Organizational Design Legacies and Service Design

ABSTRACT This paper suggests that service designers need to worry less about embedding design in the organization and pay more attention to organizational design legacies that are already in place—those design principles, methods and practices that are already deeply embedded in organizational life. These design legacies, however flawed and poorly suited, need to be articulated, visualized and engaged with to effect real change in real organizations. Accordingly, this paper explains why and how design is part of the organizational DNA. It then introduces the concept of organizational design legacies and explains three of its elements: organizational purpose, organizational design approaches and organizational design practices. Finally, it calls on service designers to initiate design conversations and provides two examples of design conversation pieces to illustrate how this may be done. The purpose of the paper is to show how service designers may engage organizations they work with in high-level transformational thinking around their own design activities.

Design implications for OD&EE

The explicit effort of the Organisation Design and Enterprise Engineering (OD&EE) journal to treat organisation design and organisation engineering as complementary rather than competing approaches to organisational development, calls for a more nuanced take on the design theories, design practices, design methods and design concepts that are at the heart of a given discipline. This commentary on the editorial introduction by Rodrigo Magalhães and Henderik A. Proper focuses on the current design understanding in OD&EE, and judges it as too narrow in this context. The commentary shows how design as a concept needs to be broadened to contribute to this new emerging area of research and pactice in OD&EE.

The Chile Miner Rescue: A Human-centred Design Reflection

ABSTRACT In this paper, I discuss key principles and practices of humancentred design in the unusual context of the successful rescue of 33 Chilean miners in 2010. The paper begins with a review of elements and characteristics associated with human-centred design in contemporary design theory and literature. From this reflection, questions arise about the role and place of human-centred design in ‘non-design’ social contexts, dominated by technicians and engineers. Can the Chile Miner Rescue serve as an example for the value and relevance of a human-centred design approach in these domains? The paper draws on publicly available materials, published interviews and background stories to identify a range of humancentered design practices and principles which guided this rescue operation. The aim of this paper is to stimulate thoughts, discussions and research into these questions while looking into a situation in which design approaches and design problems reach beyond the familiar products and services. The deliberate focus on a current event is meant as an invitation and challenge to apply design theoretical concepts and methods to social and organizational questions. With this in mind, the Chile Miner Rescue offers an opportunity for testing the boundaries, relevance and validities of some of our design concepts.