Shangshang Li

The antihyperlipidemic activities of enzymatic and acidic intracellular polysaccharides by Termitomyces albuminosus

Two polysaccharides, EIPS and AIPS were obtained by the hydrolysis of IPS from Termitomyces albuminosus, and their pharmacological effects on blood lipid profiles metabolism and oxidative stress were investigated. The results demonstrated that EIPS was superior to IPS and AIPS on reducing hepatic lipid levels and preventing oxidative stress by improving serum enzyme activities (ALT, AST, and ALP), serum lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C), hepatic lipid levels (TC and TG), and antioxidant status (SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, T-AOC, MDA, and LPO). These conclusions indicated that EIPS, AIPS and IPS might be suitable for functional foods and natural drugs on preventing the high-fat emulsion-induced hyperlipidemia. In addition, the monosaccharide compositions of IPS and its hydrolyzate were also processed.

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of intracellular polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii SI-04

In present study, the intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) and its two fractions of IPS-1 and IPS-2 were obtained and purified by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography from Pleurotus eryngii SI-04 mycelia, and their hepatoprotective effects were also investigated. The results showed that the IPS-2 had superior hepatoprotective effects by increasing the serum enzyme activities and bilirubin (BIL) levels, decreasing the serum albumin (ALB) and triglyceride (TG) levels, improving the hepatic antioxidant status, and ameliorating the hepatic structure damage. Furthermore, the monosaccharide composition and main bond types were also analyzed. These conclusions demonstrated that the both IPS and its fractions might be suitable for functional foods and natural drugs in preventing the acute liver damage.

Antioxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of mycelia zinc polysaccharides by Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis.

The aims of this work were designed to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of acidic- and alkali-extractable mycelia zinc polysaccharides (AcMZPS, AlMZPS) from Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis on high-fat-high-cholesterol emulsion-induced hyperlipidemic mice. The in vivo experiments demonstrated that both AcMZPS and AlMZPS had potential hepatoprotective effects by significantly decreasing the levels of LDL-C, VLDL-C, TC, TG, ALT, AST, ALP, MDA and LPO, and remarkably increasing the HDL-C, SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT in serum lipid/liver homogenate, respectively. In addition, four polysaccharide fractions of AcMZPS-1, AcMZPS-2, AlMZPS-1, and AlMZPS-2, purified from AcMZPS and AlMZPS using DEAE chromatography, respectively, were subjected to monosaccharide composition analysis and valuated for the in vitro antioxidant activity. The results obtained in present study suggested that AcMZPS, AlMZPS and their purified fractions could be used as functional foods and natural drugs in preventing the hyperlipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver.

Antioxidative, anti-inflammation and lung-protective effects of mycelia selenium polysaccharides from Oudemansiella radicata

The present work was designed to investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and pulmonary protective effects of SMPS and MPS from Oudemansiella radicata on LPS-induced lung injured mice. The results demonstrated that SMPS showed potential effects on relieving lung injury and preventing oxidative stress, reflecting by decreasing the serum levels of C3, CRP and GGT, increasing the pulmonary activities of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC, as well as down-regulating the MDA and LPO contents, respectively. Furthermore, the levels of TNF-α (224.211±3.12ng/mL), IL-1β (254.557±2.18ng/L), and IL-6 (18.214±0.15ng/L) in BALF of mice treated with SMPS at the dosage of 400mg/kg/d significantly lower than that in the lung injured mice. These conclusions indicated that both SMPS and MPS possessed potent antioxidants and anti-inflammation activities, and could be used as functional foods and natural drugs in preventing lung injury.

Optimization of Mycelia Selenium Polysaccharide Extraction from Agrocybe cylindracea SL-02 and Assessment of their Antioxidant and Anti-Ageing Activities.

The aim of the present study was to optimize the purification of mycelia selenium polysaccharides (MSPS) from Agrocybe cylindracea SL-02 and characterize their in vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-ageing activities. The Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD) was evaluated, which showed that the optimum conditions included an extraction temperature of 94.99°C, a pH of 9 and a precipitation temperature of 12°C, and the predicted yield was 11.036 ± 0.31%. The in vitro antioxidant assay demonstrated that MSPS had potential effects on scavenging and enhanced the reducing power of reactive oxygen species. The in vivo anti-ageing evaluation showed that MSPS significantly reduced the malonaldehyde (MDA) contents and total cholesterol (CHOL) levels, and remarkably improved the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in mice in response to D-galactose-induced ageing. Furthermore, the characteristic analysis of MSPS indicated a selenium content of 1.76 ± 0.10 mg/g at a concentration of 6 μg/mL in liquid media and a monosaccharide composition of rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucose and galactose at a molar ratio of 29:3:1:18.8:2.7. These results suggest that MSPS might be suitable for functional foods and natural drugs on preventing the ageing progress induced by toxic chemicals.

Hepatoprotection of enzymatic-extractable mycelia zinc polysaccharides by Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis

The purpose of this work was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of enzymatic-extractable mycelia zinc polysaccharides (En-MZPS) from Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis on the hyperlipidemic mice induced by high-fat-high-cholesterol emulsion (HFHCM). The results showed that the supplementation of En-MZPS had potential anti-hyperlipidemia effects on reducing hepatic lipid levels by monitoring the serum enzyme activities (ALP, ALT and AST) and serum lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C), enhancing the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC), and decreasing the lipid peroxidation (MDA and LPO). Furthermore, the in vitro scavenging results indicated that the inhibition effects of En-MZPS on hydroxyl radicals and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals reached 59.98±6.29% and 37.01±2.15%, respectively. These conclusions demonstrated that the En-MZPS might be suitable for functional foods and natural drugs in preventing the HFHCM-induced hyperlipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver.

Characterization, antioxidation, anti-inflammation and renoprotection effects of selenized mycelia polysaccharides from Oudemansiella radicata

The present work investigated the characteristics, antioxidative, anti-inflammative and renoprotective effects of mycelia selenized polysaccharides (MSPS) from Oudemansiella radicata on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced kidney damaged mice. The results demonstrated that both MSPS and mycelia polysaccharides (MPS) showed potential renoprotective effects reflecting by decreasing the serum levels of CRE, BUN and UA, increasing the nephritic enzyme activities of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC, reducing the activities of MPO, as well as down-regulating the contents of MDA and LPO, respectively. And the MSPS showed superior effects. Furthermore, the selenium contents and physical properties of polysaccharides were investigated by FAAS, GC, HPGPC, FT-IR, NMR and AFM analysis, and the results indicated that MSPS was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3.12×104Da. These results may provide theoretical basis in applying natural and functional foods for the prevention and alleviation of kidney damages and its complications.

Protective effects on liver, kidney and pancreas of enzymatic- and acidic-hydrolysis of polysaccharides by spent mushroom compost ( Hypsizigus marmoreus )

The present work investigated the protective effects on liver, kidneys and pancreas of spent mushroom compost polysaccharide (SCP) and its hydrolysates (enzymatic- (ESCP) and acid-hydrolyzed SCP (ASCP)) from Hypsizigus marmoreus, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The results showed that enzymatic (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT)) and non-enzymatic activities (total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)) were significantly increased, the lipid peroxide contents (lipid peroxide (LPO) and malonaldehyde (MDA)) were remarkably reduced, and the clinical parameters were observably mitigated in diabetic mice treated with these three polysaccharides. Furthermore, histological observations also indicated recovery. These conclusions demonstrated that both SCP and its hydrolysates ESCP and ASCP possessed potent antioxidant activities and can be used as a potentially functional food for the prevention of diabetes and its complications induced by STZ.

Anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of alkali-extractable mycelia polysaccharides by Pleurotus eryngii var. tuolensis

In this study, we noted that the Al-MPS from Pleurotus eryngii var. tuolensis provoked pharmacological effects on blood lipid profiles and oxidative stress. Animal studies demonstrated that Al-MPS showed potential effects on relieving hyperlipidemia and preventing oxidative stress, reflecting by decreasing the levels of serum enzyme activities (ALP, ALT and AST), restoring the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC), down-regulating the MDA and LPO contents, as well as remitting the hepatic and cardiac tissues injury, respectively. The serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and HDL-C on mice treated with Al-MPS (500mg/kg bw) reached 2.48±0.08, 1.24±0.03, 0.84±0.02, 0.34±0.02, and 1.80±0.03mmol/L, which were lower/higher against the hyperlipidemia mice. The results clearly indicated that the Al-MPS could be used as a beneficial health food and potentially natural candidate medicine in preventing the high-fat emulsion-induced hyperlipidemia.

Antioxidant Activity and Protective Effects of Enzyme-Extracted Oudemansiella radiata Polysaccharides on Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury

This work was to examine the antioxidation in vitro and hepatoprotective effects of enzyme-extracted Oudemansiella radiata polysaccharides (En-OPS) on alcohol-induced liver damage in mice. The antioxidant activities were determined according to the scavenging effects of En-OPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, and the level of reducing power. En-OPS showed hepatoprotective activities on decreasing the serum levels of aspertate aminotransferase (AST), alamine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as hepatic lipid levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerols (TG). En-OPS treatment reversed the acute impairment induced by alcohol consumption, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, malondialdehyde (MAD), and lipid peroxide (LPO) elevation; and superoxide dismutase (SOD), GSH peroxide (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) impairment. The En-OPS effectively ameliorated alcohol metabolism by activating alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and reducing cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) levels. Furthermore, the histopathological observations also displayed that En-OPS could alleviate liver damage. These results indicated that En-OPS could be suitable to be an ingredient of preventing alcoholic liver diseases (ALD). In addition, the preliminary structure characteristics of En-OPS were also analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID).