Sidinei Wolnei Weirich

PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus grandis EM SUBSTRATOS ORGÂNICOS ALTERNATIVOS

Studies regarding the disposal of urban and agro-industries waste have become essential for the possibility of their use in forest seedling production and the environmental impact that would be caused by improper disposal. The study was developed to evaluate the growth of Eucalyptus grandisseedlings submitted to different types and combinations of urban and agro-industrial organic substrates. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with 10 treatments consisting of different substrates and proportions combinations of them (100% organic compost urban waste (COLU), 100% organic compost of the agro-industrial residue (CORA); 100% commercial substrate; 25% (COLU)+ 75% Commercial; 25% CORA +75% Commercial; 25% COLU + 75% soil; 50% COLU +50% Commercial; 50% CORA +50% Commercial; 50% Commercial + 50% soiland 100% Soil) and 12 repetitions. It was evaluated plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, length between node, fresh weight of shoot and root dry mass of shoots and roots, total dry weight, main root length, root system length, root volume, average root radius, specific surface area of the root system and stability of clod.The substrates containing organic compost urban show great potential for use as alternative substrates for the production of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis. A mixture of commercial substrate to organic compost allows the urban growth of root and the shoot of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis. A mixture of 50% commercial substrate and 50% organic compound of agro-industrial waste provide more stem diameter growth compared to treatments containing soil or over the organic compound of agro-industrial waste.

EFEITO DO COBRE SOBRE O CRESCIMENTO E QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart. E Cassia multijuga Rich.

Soil contamination with copper has become common in the mining and agricultural regions by the use of copper-based-fungicide and application of liquid swine slurry to the soil, causing a reduction in plant productivity. Therefore, a study was undertaken to determine the effect of copper doses in growth and quality of Barbatimao (Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart.) and Cassia (Cassia multijugaRich.) seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial (2 x 4) being the two forest species and four doses of copper: 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg kg-1, with 10 repetitions. It was evaluated plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of shoot and root length and specific root surface area, and the quality indexes of seedlings: relationship between shoot height and diameter of the collar; height and shoot dry weight of shoots and Dickson Quality Index. The results revealed that the copper doses tested does not change the quality of seedlings of Cassia and that Barbatimao maintains the quality of seedlings up to 300 mg kg-1 of copper added to soil. Barbatimao presents greater growth and quality than Cassia seedlings in soil contaminated with copper.

Seedling production of Eucalyptus grandis on alternative organic substrates

Studies regarding the disposal of urban and agro-industries waste have become essential for the possibility of their use in forest seedling production and the environmental impact that would be caused by improper disposal. The study was developed to evaluate the growth of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings submitted to different types and combinations of urban and agro-industrial organic substrates. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with 10 treatments consisting of different substrates and proportions combinations of them (100% organic compost urban waste (COLU), 100% organic compost of the agro-industrial residue (CORA); 100% commercial substrate; 25% (COLU)+ 75% Commercial; 25% CORA +75% Commercial; 25% COLU + 75% soil; 50% COLU +50% Commercial; 50% CORA +50% Commercial; 50% Commercial + 50% soiland 100% Soil) and 12 repetitions. It was evaluated plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, length between node, fresh weight of shoot and root 1 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Dr., Professor adjunto do Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria– CESNORS, Linha 7 de Setembro, s/n., Br 386, Km 40, CEP 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen (RS), Brasil. rodrigosilva@smail.ufsm.br 2 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Agricultura e Ambiente, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Linha 7 de Setembro, s/n., Br 386, Km 40, CEP 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen (RS), Brasil. mateus_tonini@hotmail.com Recebido para publicação em 13/09/2012 e aceito em 26/03/2013

INFLUÊNCIA DE ECTOMICORRIZAS NO CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus grandis, Corymbia citriodora, Eucalyptus saligna E Eucalyptus dunnii

The ectomycorrhizal association benefit plants by providing an increase in the area of root absorption and getting more nutrients and water as well as may enable growth of the host soils subjected to adverse conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different ectomycorrhizal isolates on seedling growth of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maid., Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K. D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson, Eucalyptus saligna Sm. and Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden. The design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement (4 x 4), four species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis, Corymbia citriodora, Eucalyptus saligna and Eucalyptus dunnii ) and four isolates of ectomycorrhizal inoculum (UFSC - Pt116 ( Pisolithus microcarpus (Cooke & Massee) Cunn), UFSC -132 ( Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch), UFSC -121, and without inoculation) with 12 repetitions. Three months after the experiment was evaluated: the percentage of ectomycorrhizal colonization, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, dry weight of root and shoot. Relationships were also calculated: dry aerial/root dry mass, height/diameter and Dickson quality index. The plant height, leaf number and shoot dry mass showed higher average in the species Eucalyptus dunnii and Corymbia citriodora , when the inoculation with UFSC -132. Inoculation with UFSC-Pt116 resulted in 63,3 % of colonized roots in Corymbia citriodora , while Eucalyptus dunnii inoculated with UFSC-121 had 67,7 % of its colonized roots. The isolated ectomycorrhizal UFSC-132 provides enhanced growth of seedlings of Eucalyptus dunnii and Corymbia citriodora compared to the control without inoculation.

POTENCIAL DA ASSOCIAÇÃO Pisolithus microcarpus COM MUDAS DE Corymbia citriodora EM SOLO CONTAMINADO COM ZINCO

The use of microorganisms potential association with plants is a common practice in soil contaminated by heavy metals, considered low-cost and environmentally friendly. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K. D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson and the effect of Pisolithus microcarpus UFSC-Pt116 inoculation in soil contaminated with Zn. The design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement (2 x 6), with and without inoculum and six doses of Zn (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 mg kg-1 soil), with six replications. Seedlings were inoculated and cultured for 90 days in nursery. After 67 days of transplantation was evaluated the ectomycorrhizal colonization percentage, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, chlorophyll index, root volume, leaf dry weight, stem, root and total, dry mass ratio / root dry mass and height / stem diameter. The ectomycorrhizal colonization percentage in Corymbia citriodora is stimulated by adding up to 1412.21 mg kg-1 Zn. The Corymbia citriodora is tolerant to the addition of up to 1500 mg kg-1 of zinc in soil with 81% clay even without inoculation with Pisolithus microcarpus.The canonical correlation analysis shows that inoculation with P. microcarpus favors total dry mass, root and aerial part of Corymbia citriodora grown in soil with 81% clay contaminated with 600 mg kg-1 Zn.

Effects of copper on growth and quality of Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mar. and Cassia multijuga Rich.

Soil contamination with copper has become common in the mining and agricultural regions by the use of copper-based-fungicide and application of liquid swine slurry to the soil, causing a reduction in plant productivity. Therefore, a study was undertaken to determine the effect of copper doses in growth and quality of Barbatimão (Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart.) and Cassia (Cassia multijuga Rich.) seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial (2 x 4) being the two forest species and four doses of copper: 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg kg-1, with 10 repetitions. It was evaluated plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of shoot and root length and specific root surface area, and the quality indexes 1 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Dr., Professor Adjunto II do Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Linha 7 de Setembro, s/n, Caixa Postal 54, CEP 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen (RS), Brasil. rodrigosilva@smail.ufsm.br 2 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Msc., Doutorando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Caixa Postal 346, CEP 97001-000, Santa Maria (RS), Brasil. Pesquisador da FEPAGO Florestas. evandro@fepagro.rs.gov.br 3 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Dr., Pós-Doutorando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brasil. Bolsista CAPES. bemfica_steffen@yahoo.com.br 4 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia: Agricultura e Ambiente, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Linha 7 de Setembro, s/n, Caixa Postal 54, CEP 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen (RS), Brasil. sidiww@hotmail.com 5 Acadêmicos do Curso de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Linha 7 de Setembro, s/n, Caixa Postal 54, CEP 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen (RS), Brasil. Bolsista PIBIC/CNPq. cassicarlos@yahoo.com.br / douglasscheid@gmail.com Recebido para publicação em 23/03/2012 e aceito em 8/04/2013