Silvana Gonçalves Lopes

As variáveis intervenientes na produção do onset complexo mediante uma análise silábica

ABSTRACTPurpose : to verify and to compare the repair strategies and the influence of linguistic (syllabic and prosodic) and extralinguistic variables in the production of consonant clusters by children with typical and atypical phonological development. Method : it was analyzed the speech of 48 children, 24 with typical phonological development and 24 with atypical phonological development, similar in relation to sex, and age between 2:6 to 5:5;29 (typical group) and 5:0 to 7:11;29 (atypical group). The samples were collected transversely, based on the instrument Avaliacao Fonologica da Crianca. It was analyzed the words presented as target consonant clusters, with a corpus of 278 words of typical development and 460 of atypical development. The correct production, C 2 deletion, C 1 deletion, syllable deletion, epenthetic, metathesis and idiosyncrasies were considered as variants of the dependent variable. The extralinguistic factors such as age, sex and development type, and linguistic variables the number of syllables, next precedent syllabic context, the position in the word, the complexity of the onset in the syllable and metrical foot were considered as independent intervening variables. The speech data were statistically analyzed through VARBRUL.

Comparação da aquisição de /k/ e /g/ e das sequências fonéticas [kw] e [gw] no pb - variáveis intervenientes e status fonológico

PURPOSE: to analyze and to compare the acquisition of the phonetic sequences [kw] and [gw] and of the plosives /k/ and /g/ by children with typical speech development, considering the intervening linguistic and extralinguistic variables.METHODS: the amount of analyzed words was 3193, after 213 interviews with children who present typical phonological development. The Phonological Assessment of Child was used and all words which contain the phonetic sequences [kw] e [gw] and the phonemes /k/ e /g/ were selected. The analyzed dependent variables were: correct and incorrect production of the referred phonemes. The intervening variables were: sex, age, tonicity, number of syllables in the word, preceding syllabic context, following syllabic context, position in the word, sonority and segment complexity. The statistical program VARBRUL was used with significance level of 5%.RESULTS:the selected variables for the correct production of [kw] e [gw] were age and position in the word. To the production of /k/ and /g/, the variables were sex, age, preceding syllabic context, following syllabic context and sonority. In the analysis of all words which were the corpus of this research, the statistic program selected the complexity of the segment as relevant in the acquisition of the analyzed segments. The highest probability of correct production was found for the phonemes /k/ and /g/.CONCLUSION: the fact that different variables are significant for the acquisition of /k,g/ and of [kw, gw] showed a reason for different children’s phonological therapy organization, regarding the mentioned sounds. It seems that the sequences [kw] and [gw] may be considered as complex segments of Brazilian Portuguese, because the complexity of the segment was selected as statistically significant in the studied corpus.

Aquisição da coda simples e complexa com /S/ em crianças com desvio fonológico

PURPOSE: to describe the production of final simple and complex coda with /S/ in children with phonological disorder, verifying the influence of linguistic and extra-linguistic variables in codas acquisition. METHOD: we utilized speech data from 66 children with phonological disorder, 33 boys and 33 girls, aged between 3:0 and 9:0. Speech samples were collected through a crossed-nature study, using the instrument referred to as Child Phonological Evaluation1, with 481 words being part of the database from a project which was approved by the Ethics Research Committee (CEP) of the institution. Next, the words were statistically analyzed through the statistical program VARBRUL, considering a significance level of 5%. We took into account as dependent variables the correct production of /S/, the omission of the coda or its substitution. As intervening variable, we considered the extra-linguistic factors age, sex, degree of the phonological disorder; and the linguistic variables grammatical class, tonicity, precedent context, and type of coda. RESULTS: the statistical program selected as statistically significant for the correct production of simple and complex coda, the degree of the phonological disorder, the type of coda, and the grammatical class, with the value of p < 0.01. CONCLUSION: we verified, through this study, that the degree of phonological disorder, type of coda, and grammatical class influenced in a significant way on the production of final simple and complex coda with the archiphoneme /S/, in children with phonological disorder.

ESTRATÉGIAS DE REPARO UTILIZADAS NA AQUISIÇÃO DAS OBSTRUINTES EM DOIS MUNICÍPIOS DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

PURPOSE:to determine the repair strategies used in the acquisition of obstruents in two municipalities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul that receive different dialectal influences, by describing and comparing the intervening variables in this process.METHODS:72 children participated in the study, 36 from the municipality of Santa Maria and 36 from Agudo, aged between 1:0 and 4:0 (years: months). The corpora of Santa Maria and Agudo were composed by 3,178 and 3,847 analyzed obstruents, respectively. The analyzed repair strategies were desonorization, omission, posteriorization, anteriorization, plosivization of fricatives, and others. The extralinguistic variables were age, gender, type of input, metrical foot, number of syllables, preceding and following syllable context, position in the word, grammatical class, voicing and class of obstruent. Statistical analysis was performed using the software package VARBRUL, with a significance level of 5%.RESULTS:there was a prevalence of the omission strategy in Santa Maria and the posteriorization strategy in Agudo. Desonorization was the least frequently used resource in both groups. There were both similarities and differences when the intervening variables were compared.CONCLUSION:based on the results, it was concluded that dialectal variation did not interfere in the choice of resources employed by subjects from Agudo, which could occur due to input received in this municipality, i.e. desonorized phonemes.