Silvia Lúcia Ferreira

Saúde mental e trabalho feminino: imagens e representações de enfermeiras

Esta investigacao avanca na perspectiva da construcao de um conhecimento sobre a relacao saude mental e trabalho na enfermagem. Consiste num estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, tendo, como eixo condutor, a Teoria das Representacoes Sociais e como suporte complementar, os estudos da Psicopatologia e Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. A analise indica que as representacoes das enfermeiras acerca da relacao saude mental e trabalho na enfermagem trazem a marca do individual e do coletivo organizacional, visualizando essas profissionais como produto e produtoras de sua historia pessoal e de sua saude mental no ambiente de trabalho, compreendendo-as como manifestacao da totalidade social.

Discriminação racial e de gênero em discursos de mulheres negras com anemia falciforme

Estudo exploratorio-descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, teve como objetivo identificar e descrever praticas de discriminacao racial e de genero nos servicos de saude, referidas por mulheres negras com diagnostico de anemia falciforme. Os dados foram coletados em Salvador/BA, em 2006, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, gravada e transcrita. Para a analise dos dados foi utilizada a tecnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Os discursos construidos oferecem um conjunto de elementos que nos dao pistas de como o tratamento injusto, descortes e humilhante e um fenomeno naturalizado e revela de modo indireto a discriminacao racial e de genero nos servicos de saude. Apresenta ainda situacoes que expoem as pessoas a constrangimentos e que atingem a dignidade humana.Resumen Esta investigación exploratorio-descriptiva con abordaje cualitativa, tuvo como objetivo identificar y describir las prácticas de discriminación racial y de género en los servicios de salud, dicho por mujeres negras con anemia falciforme. Los datos fueran colectados en Salvador-BA-Brasil, el año 2006 a través de entrevista semi estructurada, grabada y transcrita. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Los discursos construidos muestran un conjunto de factores que indican cómo el tratamiento injusto, descortés y humillante es un fenómeno naturalizado y revela de modo indirecto la discriminación racial y de género en los servicios de salud. Presenta aún situaciones que exponen las personas a constreñimiento e que atingen a la dignidad humana. 1Enfermeira Sanitarista da Prefeitura Municipal de Salvador. Mestra em Enfermagem pela Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Brasil. E-mail: rosa.candida@yahoo.com.br, 2Professora Doutora do Departamento de Enfermagem Comunitária. Professora Permanente do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da Escola de Enfermagem e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre Mulheres, Gênero e Feminismo FFCH/NEIM/Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Pesquisadora do GEMGrupo de Estudos sobre Saúde da Mulher e do NEIMNúcleo de Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre a Mulher. Brasil. E-mail: silvialf@ufba.br PESQUISA RESEARCH INVESTIGACIÓN This is an exploratory and descriptive study based on qualitative research. The objective of this study is to identify and describe gender and racial discrimination in the health service experienced by black women with sickle cell anemia diagnosis. The data were collected in SalvadorBA, in Brazil, in 2006 through semistructured interviews that were recorded and transcribed. For the data analysis the used technique was the Collective Subject Discourse. The discourses offer to built a cluster of elements that illustrates how unfair, unkind and humiliating treatment. It is a naturalized phenomenon that indirectly reveals racial discrimination in the health service. The discourses also show situations in which people are exposed to embarrassing circumstances that affect human dignity. Rosa Cândida Cordeiro 1 Racial and gender discrmination on the discourses of black women with sickle cell anemia

Experiências do adoecimento de pessoas com anemia falciforme e estratégias de autocuidado

ObjectiveTo determine the experience of sick individuals with sickle cell anemia and their self-care strategies.MethodsThis was a qualitative study of 17 individuals with sickle cell anemia. Data collection and analysis occurred simultaneously by open codification and categorization, according to steps in the theory based on data. This procedure led to the development of categories related to the experience of individuals who have sickle cell anemia and their self-care.ResultsExperiences of patients who became chronically ill enabled the construction of strategies to better determine the disease, changes in daily life, and the manner in which it affects how patients observe and experience time. Also identified were specific skills for self-care that were developed from lessons learned and mistakes made.ConclusionWe found that individuals with sickle cell anemia had several favorable approaches for adapting to having become sick during adulthood.

The illness of women and men with sickle cell disease: a Grounded Theory study

Objetivo: comprender los significados atribuidos por mujeres y hombres con anemia de celulas falciformes a la experiencia del proceso de enfermar. Metodo : se trata de un estudio analitico, con un enfoque cualitativo y realizado con 17 adultos con anemia falciforme, basado en la Teoria Fundamentada en los Datos, la Grounded Theory, como referencia teorica y metodologica. Los datos fueron recogidos entre los anos 2012 y 2013 mediante una entrevista individual en profundidad. Todas las entrevistas fueron grabadas y analizadas segun la tecnica de analisis comparativo de la Grounded Theory. Resultados: los datos revelaron cuatro categorias que agrupan la experiencia de la enfermedad, los sentimientos vividos y la trayectoria de la convivencia con la anemia falciforme. Conclusiones: fue posible comprender que la experiencia se construye mediante un proceso en el que estas personas son capaces de replantear, imprimir nuevos rumbos a la vida y al cuidado en la experiencia de la enfermedad. La atencion de la enfermeria en el contexto de una enfermedad cronica tambien se observa en este estudio como base que da atencion, orienta y lleva a cabo las confrontaciones necesarias. La comprension de la experiencia vivida por estas personas hace posible ampliar las dimensiones y la esencia de los cuidados de enfermeria requeridos por toda la vidaObjective: to understand the meanings given by women and men with sickle cell disease on the illness experience. Method: analytical study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 17 adults with sickle cell disease using the Theory Based on Data, or Grounded Theory, as theoretical-methodological referential. Data were collected between the years of 2012 and 2013, in an individual in-depth interview. All the interviews were recorded and analyzed according to the Grounded Theory comparative analysis technique. Results: data show four categories which group the experience of illness, the feelings experienced and the path to living with sickle cell disease. Conclusions: it was possible to understand that the experience was built by a process in which these people redefined the meaning of their lives, applying new directions to life and to care regarding the experience of the illness. In the context of chronic disease, the nurses care is also seen in this study as a foundation, providing attention, directions, and guidance through the required confrontations. Understanding the experience lived by these people, it is possible to enlarge the dimensions and the essence of nursing care required throughout life.

Perception of women suffering from sickle cell anemia regarding pregnancy: an exploratory study

Aim: To analyze the perception of women suffering from sickle cell anemia regarding pregnancy. Method: This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, involving 25 women suffering from sickle cell anemia who lived in Bahia. Data were obtained through open interviews and analyzed by the Collective Subject Discourse. Results: Three central ideas emerged from the discourses: fear and anxiety marked the pregnancy of women suffering from sickle cell anemia; dilemmas permeated the decision to abort, and; the desire to be a mother was frustrated by miscarriage. Discussion: Due to the lack of equipment and lack of social support for exercising motherhood, women experience sadness, depression and think of interrupting the pregnancy. Conclusion: The choice to have children, although risky, should be ensured by public policy with an integral assistance to women suffering from sickle cell anemia, involving the totality of their reproductive trajectory.

El movimiento feminista y la salud de las mujeres: la experiencia de los Centros de Planificación Familiar (CPF) en Catalunya (1976-1982)

Este estudio pretende recordar las luchas del movimiento feminista de Espana (Catalunya) por el derecho a la salud de las mujeres analizando las estrategias utilizadas, que hicieron posible una mayor equidad de genero en los Centros de Planificacion Familiar (CPF), popularmente conocidos como plannings o planins. La informacion se recogio mediante entrevistas semi-estructuradas realizadas a mujeres, escogidas por su actuacion en el movimiento feminista, y profesionales de salud que participaron en los centros mencionados en los municipios de Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona y Santa Coloma de Gramenet. La creacion y manutencion de los plannings fue una victoria colectiva importante ya que unio estrechamente a muchas mujeres y produjo transformaciones sociales significativas.

Prevenção do câncer do colo uterino de quilombolas à luz da teoria de Leininger

Objetivo: Discutir as praticas de prevencao do câncer do colo do utero de mulheres quilombolas. Metodo: Estudo qualitativo, realizado em 2014 com vinte mulheres de uma comunidade quilombola, localizada na Bahia. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados atraves da etnoenfermagem. Resultados: As quilombolas apontaram como praticas preventivas para o câncer do colo uterino o cuidado cultural, atraves do uso de plantas medicinais, e o cuidado profissional, caracterizado pela realizacao do Papanicolau. Contudo, uma maioria de mulheres nao realizavam prevencao. Conclusao: Questoes de ordem social, cultural e de acesso relacionam-se com as praticas preventivas para o câncer do colo uterino de quilombolas. Assim, torna-se imprescindivel um planejamento de cuidados congruentes com a realidade dessas mulheres. Palavras-chave: Prevencao de doencas. Neoplasias do colo do utero. Grupo com ancestrais do continente africano. Cultura. Enfermagem.OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to discuss practices of cervical cancer prevention among Quilombola Women. METHOD This study used, in 2014, a qualitative research approach aiming twenty women from a quilombola community (people who live in quilombos, descendants of Afro-Brazilian slaves), which is located in Bahia. A semi-structured interview was developed by researchers in order to collect data. The Ethno-nursing Research method was used to analyze the data. RESULTS The use of cultural care through medicinal plants, and the nursing professional care (Pap Smear exam procedure) were stated by Quilombola women as serving as prevention practices against cervical cancer. However, most women stated that they did not use any prevention practices. CONCLUSION Social, cultural and health access issues are practices that are linked to the cervical cancer prevention among Quilombola Women. Therefore, it is indispensable to create an appropriate care plan for Quilombola womens reality.

Self-care of men with priapism and sickle cell disease

OBJECTIVE To identify self-care demands of men with sickle cell disease and priapism and describe self-care measures in light of Orems Self-Care Theory. METHOD This is a descriptive exploratory study with qualitative approach conducted with nine men with a history of sickle cell disease and priapism. Data were analyzed using Orems Self-Care Theory. RESULTS Some demands were identified: from universal self-care - difficulty in social interaction and solitude, changes in self-image, self-esteem and sexual activity; from development - the experience with priapism and little knowledge about the pathophysiology of the disease; regarding health deviations - pain crises. CONCLUSION Orems theory allowed to identify self-care demands, which are essential for the nursing care provided for men with priapism. Nursing has an essential role in the measures for the different demands presented.

O adoecimento de mulheres e homens com anemia falciforme: um estudo de Grounded Theory

Objetivo: comprender los significados atribuidos por mujeres y hombres con anemia de celulas falciformes a la experiencia del proceso de enfermar. Metodo : se trata de un estudio analitico, con un enfoque cualitativo y realizado con 17 adultos con anemia falciforme, basado en la Teoria Fundamentada en los Datos, la Grounded Theory, como referencia teorica y metodologica. Los datos fueron recogidos entre los anos 2012 y 2013 mediante una entrevista individual en profundidad. Todas las entrevistas fueron grabadas y analizadas segun la tecnica de analisis comparativo de la Grounded Theory. Resultados: los datos revelaron cuatro categorias que agrupan la experiencia de la enfermedad, los sentimientos vividos y la trayectoria de la convivencia con la anemia falciforme. Conclusiones: fue posible comprender que la experiencia se construye mediante un proceso en el que estas personas son capaces de replantear, imprimir nuevos rumbos a la vida y al cuidado en la experiencia de la enfermedad. La atencion de la enfermeria en el contexto de una enfermedad cronica tambien se observa en este estudio como base que da atencion, orienta y lleva a cabo las confrontaciones necesarias. La comprension de la experiencia vivida por estas personas hace posible ampliar las dimensiones y la esencia de los cuidados de enfermeria requeridos por toda la vidaObjective: to understand the meanings given by women and men with sickle cell disease on the illness experience. Method: analytical study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 17 adults with sickle cell disease using the Theory Based on Data, or Grounded Theory, as theoretical-methodological referential. Data were collected between the years of 2012 and 2013, in an individual in-depth interview. All the interviews were recorded and analyzed according to the Grounded Theory comparative analysis technique. Results: data show four categories which group the experience of illness, the feelings experienced and the path to living with sickle cell disease. Conclusions: it was possible to understand that the experience was built by a process in which these people redefined the meaning of their lives, applying new directions to life and to care regarding the experience of the illness. In the context of chronic disease, the nurses care is also seen in this study as a foundation, providing attention, directions, and guidance through the required confrontations. Understanding the experience lived by these people, it is possible to enlarge the dimensions and the essence of nursing care required throughout life.

El proceso de enfermar de mujeres y hombres con anemia falciforme: un estudio de Grounded Theory

Objetivo: comprender los significados atribuidos por mujeres y hombres con anemia de celulas falciformes a la experiencia del proceso de enfermar. Metodo : se trata de un estudio analitico, con un enfoque cualitativo y realizado con 17 adultos con anemia falciforme, basado en la Teoria Fundamentada en los Datos, la Grounded Theory, como referencia teorica y metodologica. Los datos fueron recogidos entre los anos 2012 y 2013 mediante una entrevista individual en profundidad. Todas las entrevistas fueron grabadas y analizadas segun la tecnica de analisis comparativo de la Grounded Theory. Resultados: los datos revelaron cuatro categorias que agrupan la experiencia de la enfermedad, los sentimientos vividos y la trayectoria de la convivencia con la anemia falciforme. Conclusiones: fue posible comprender que la experiencia se construye mediante un proceso en el que estas personas son capaces de replantear, imprimir nuevos rumbos a la vida y al cuidado en la experiencia de la enfermedad. La atencion de la enfermeria en el contexto de una enfermedad cronica tambien se observa en este estudio como base que da atencion, orienta y lleva a cabo las confrontaciones necesarias. La comprension de la experiencia vivida por estas personas hace posible ampliar las dimensiones y la esencia de los cuidados de enfermeria requeridos por toda la vidaObjective: to understand the meanings given by women and men with sickle cell disease on the illness experience. Method: analytical study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 17 adults with sickle cell disease using the Theory Based on Data, or Grounded Theory, as theoretical-methodological referential. Data were collected between the years of 2012 and 2013, in an individual in-depth interview. All the interviews were recorded and analyzed according to the Grounded Theory comparative analysis technique. Results: data show four categories which group the experience of illness, the feelings experienced and the path to living with sickle cell disease. Conclusions: it was possible to understand that the experience was built by a process in which these people redefined the meaning of their lives, applying new directions to life and to care regarding the experience of the illness. In the context of chronic disease, the nurses care is also seen in this study as a foundation, providing attention, directions, and guidance through the required confrontations. Understanding the experience lived by these people, it is possible to enlarge the dimensions and the essence of nursing care required throughout life.