Silvia Maria Azevedo dos Santos

O idoso institucionalizado: avaliação da capacidade funcional e aptidão física

This study analyzed the relationship between physical fitness and functional capacity in 78 residents of long-stay institutions for low-income elderly located in five regions of Brazil. The majority of the sample consisted of women, and mean age was 77.4 years (SD = 7.9). Physical fitness was assessed with the AAHPERD test, adjusted for institutionalized elderly. The Katz scale was used for functional capacity. The five components of physical fitness rated fair for flexibility, coordination, agility, and aerobic endurance and good for strength. The mean general physical fitness (GPF) index was fair. According to the findings, the greater the degree of dependency in institutionalized elderly, the lesser their strength and GPF level; meanwhile, better coordination and agility are associated with greater independence for performing activities of daily living. The results can contribute to appropriate physical exercise programs for maintenance and/or recovery of functionality.

Incontinência urinária e envelhecimento: impacto no cotidiano e na qualidade de vida

O envelhecimento humano vem acompanhado de um desgaste fisico funcional do corpo e da mente, bem como de uma diminuicao das respostas fisiologicas as acoes do meio. Isto acaba por alterar a qualidade de vida das pessoas em processo de envelhecimento, especialmente, no que tange a independencia e autonomia. Dentre as alteracoes comuns com o processo de envelhecimento encontramos a incontinencia urinaria, que, alem de possuir multiplas etiologias com grande complexidade terapeutica, gera um enorme impacto sobre a qualidade de vida dessas pessoas. Sendo assim, este artigo abordara um recorte da pesquisa realizada para a dissertacao de mestrado de uma das autoras, onde se buscou compreender em que proporcao a incontinencia urinaria atinge nao so o cotidiano das pessoas que a possuem, como tambem a sua qualidade de vida, sendo esse o foco de discussao deste artigo.Human aging is accompanied by worn out of the physical functions of body and mind as well as a decrease in physiological response to the environment. Consequently these change the quality of life for those going through the aging process, especially regarding independence and autonomy. Among these common aging changes, there is the urinary incontinence having multiple etiologies with great therapeutic complexity, which creates a huge impact on the life quality of these people. This article will focus on part of a research done for a masters dissertation from one of the authors, which sought to understand in what proportion urinary incontinence affects, not only their daily lives but also their quality of life.

Dialética do cuidado humanizado na UTI: contradições entre o discurso e a prática profissional do enfermeiro

This study attempts to unveil contradictions in humanized nursing care in ICUs. It is a qualitative, dialectic-based study involving 7 nurses, 4 family members and one patient of the Adult ICU of the Hospital of the Federal Universityof Santa Catarina. Participatory observation and semi-structured interviews were applied to collect the data. Marxist and Gramscian ideas of contradiction were used as the theoretical-philosophical reference. This study demonstrates that humanized care is part of a complex network, in which care knowledge seems to give way to closer network ties, while care practicefollows an impersonalized strategy within the logic of partitioned and routine health care production. The dissociation between knowledge and practice also contemplates the difficulties in dealing with the burdens of suffering and institutional-professional limitations. The conclusion is that knowledge of this reality should be a renewed, yet age-old challenge for the nurse in the search for the constant construction/ reconstruction of Nursing in terms of practice, knowledge and work relations.This study attempts to unveil contradictions in humanized nursing care in ICUs. It is a qualitative, dialecticbased study involving 7 nurses, 4 family members and one patient of the Adult ICU of the Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Catarina. Participatory observation and semi-structured interviews were applied to collect the data. Marxist and Gramscian ideas of contradiction were used as the theoretical-philosophical reference. This study demonstrates that humanized care is part of a complex network, in which care knowledge seems to give way to closer network ties, while care practice follows an impersonalized strategy within the logic of partitioned and routine health care production. The dissociation between knowledge and practice also contemplates the difficulties in dealing with the burdens of suffering and institutional-professional limitations. The conclusion is that knowledge of this reality should be a renewed, yet age-old challenge for the nurse in the search for the constant construction/reconstruction of Nursing in terms of practice, knowledge and work relations.

Influência dos determinantes do envelhecimento ativo entre idosos mais idosos

This objective of this quantitative, cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study was to verify active aging according to its determinants among the older elderly in a rural county of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Data was collected between July and August of 2009 through interviews with 87 male and female elderly who were 80 years old or older, using a checklist elaborated from the active aging determinants. Descriptive analyses were performed on the data along with descriptive measurements of centrality and dispersion. Results showed gender parity; the majority of the subjects were Caucasian Catholics with low incomes and education levels. Even retired, 60.92% continue exercising work activities; 70.11% have their own houses; 48.28% attend group environments; 81.61% are satisfied with their lives; and 48.28% do not depend on a caregiver. We conclude that even without reaching all of the active aging determinants, these elderly maintain their independence, autonomy, and ensure their quality of life. DESCRIPTORS: Aging. Aged, 80 and over. Personal autonomy.This objective of this quantitative, cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study was to verify active aging according to its determinants among the older elderly in a rural county of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Data was collected between July and August of 2009 through interviews with 87 male and female elderly who were 80 years old or older, using a checklist elaborated from the active aging determinants. Descriptive analyses were performed on the data along with descriptive measurements of centrality and dispersion. Results showed gender parity; the majority of the subjects were Caucasian Catholics with low incomes and education levels. Even retired, 60.92% continue exercising work activities; 70.11% have their own houses; 48.28% attend group environments; 81.61% are satisfied with their lives; and 48.28% do not depend on a caregiver. We conclude that even without reaching all of the active aging determinants, these elderly maintain their independence, autonomy, and ensure their quality of life.

Risco e vulnerabilidade nas práticas dos profissionais de saúde

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los riesgos y vulnerabilidades presentes en las practicas de los profesionales de la salud, a traves de una revision integradora de la produccion cientifica en salud y enfermeria. Los articulos fueron consultados en la bases LILACS y SciELO, de 2005 a 2010, segun los descriptores: vulnerabilidad, riesgo, riesgos laborales y personal de salud, que abarca una muestra de 21 publicaciones. En la atencion primaria, los riesgos y las vulnerabilidades estan relacionados con la deficiencia de recursos para el trabajo, la violencia fisica y el estres emocional. En el ambito hospitalario se pueden destacar: los accidentes con material biologico relacionado con el uso indebido y el incumplimiento de las medidas de proteccion, sobrecarga de trabajo y confianza en uno mismo. Hacemos hincapie en la importancia de desarrollar politicas publicas dirigidas a mejorar las condiciones laborales del trabajador y una mayor satisfaccion y concienciacion profesional.The purpose of this study is to analyze the risks and vulnerability found in professional healthcare and the safe practices adopted based on academic research in the field of healthcare and nursing, by means of an integrative review. The articles were found in the LILACS and SCIELO databases,from the years 2005-2010, in a search for the descriptors vulnerability, risk, and occupational and personal health risks, establishing a sample of 21 articles. In basic healthcare, risks and vulnerabilities are related to the lack of resources needed for work, physical violence and emotional strain. In a hospital context, the problems are related to accidents with biological materials caused by improper use and failure to adopt protective measures, as well as excessive work and self-confidence. The importance of implementing public policies in worker health to improve working conditions and provide greater satisfaction and professional awareness is emphasized.

Avaliação multidimensional dos determinantes do envelhecimento ativo em idosos de um município de Santa Catarina

This study aimed to evaluate the determinants of active aging in older adults aged 60-70 years old, resident in Rodeio, Santa Catarina, Brazil. It is a quantitative study of the exploratory-descriptive type. Data collection occurred between April and August 2011. 264 older adults were interviewed at home, using the instrument for multidimensional evaluation of active aging and post- validation of content, undertaken by experts. The Sestatnet program was used for data analysis and descriptive analysis was carried out. The older adults participated in the community and undertook certain forms of unpaid work (90.9%), and presented a significant rate of falls (30.68%), although they had a low rate of hospitalization (4.92%). In spite of comorbidities presented, they were shown to be satisfied with life and regularly undertook leisure and physical activities. It is concluded that, although not all the older adults had a positive evaluation in each determinant of active aging, in general they were independent and satisfied with their quality of life. DESCRIPTORS: Nursing. Older adult. Aging. Quality of life.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los determinantes del envejecimiento activo en ancianos de 60 a 70 anos residentes en Rodeio-SC. Estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio-descriptivo, cuya recopilacion de datos ocurrio entre Abril y Agosto del 2011. Entrevistados 264 ancianos en sus hogares mediante utilizacion del instrumento para evaluacion multidimensional del envejecimiento activo, despues de la validacion de contenido, realizada por peritos. Los datos fueron organizados en una hoja de calculo en Microsoft Excel, y despues se utilizo lo programa SestatNet para el analisis descriptivo. Los ancianos eran participativos en la comunidad y realizaban trabajo no remunerado (90, 9%). Presentaron indice significativo de caidas (30, 68%), pero, baja hospitalizacion (4, 92%). Apesar de las comorbidades, los ancianos se mostraron satisfechos con sus vidas, realizaban actividades de recreacion y fisicas, regularmente. Se concluyo que si bien no todos los ancianos consiguieron una evaluacion positiva en cada determinante del envejecimiento activo, de manera general, se mostraron independientes y satisfechos com su cualidad de vida.

Ensino do cuidado de enfermagem em saúde mental através do discurso docente

ABSTRACT : We investigated how mental health nursing care occurs through the discourse of faculty teaching psychiatric and/or mental health nursing contents in the four oldest nursing undergraduate courses in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, one of which is public, and the other three, private. Data collection was performed between March and May of 2010. This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study. Data were collected in discussion groups, and analyzed according to the hermeneutic-dialectic perspective. The results showed that the faculty’s discourses lacked the paradigm of psychosocial care and teaching based on psychopathology. In conclusion, teaching mental health nursing requires a theoretical framework based on paradigms consistent with the local situation and the Unified Health System. DESCRIPTORS: Teaching. Care. Nursing. Mental health. ENSINO DO CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM EM SAUDE MENTAL ATRAVES DO DISCURSO DOCENTE RESUMO : Investigamos como se materializa o ensino do cuidado de enfermagem em saude mental nos discursos dos docentes que ministram os conteudos de enfermagem psiquiatrica e/ou saude mental nos quatro cursos de graduacao em enfermagem mais antigos do Estado de Santa Catarina, sendo um deles publico, e tres, privados. O periodo de coleta dos dados foi de marco a maio de 2010. Utilizamos a pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo descritiva e exploratoria, tendo como tecnica de coleta de dados, grupos de discussao. A perspectiva hermeneutico-dialetica possibilitou a analise dos dados. Nos resultados, evidenciamos nos discursos docentes a ausencia do paradigma de atencao psicossocial e de um ensino baseado na psicopatologia. Concluimos que o ensino do cuidado de enfermagem em saude mental requer um referencial teorico baseado em paradigmas coerentes com a realidade local e a do Sistema Unico de Saude.

Análise do processo de trabalho da enfermagem na unidade de terapia intensiva

El presente estudio pretende conocer la dinamica del proceso de trabajo de enfermeria en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, senalando fragilidades, potencialidades, limitaciones y contradicciones veladas o reveladas en los instrumentos usados por los enfermeros. Se trata de una investigacion cualitativa, de orientacion dialectica, realizada en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital de Santa Catarina. Para la investigacion, utilizamos entrevistas parcialmente estructuradas con siete enfermeros, ademas de observaciones de campo y analisis documental. El referencial teorico-filosofico que oriento el analisis esta basado en conceptos marxistas y gramscianos sobre el proceso de trabajo. Los resultados obtenidos resaltan el manejo de variables tecnologicas de un modelo medico-hegemonico, fortaleciendo las actividades parcelares y fragmentadas. Observamos la utilizacion de tecnologias originadas por la evolucion de la ciencia y poco centradas en las relaciones entre sujetos. Constatamos que la Unidad parece crear oportunidades de discutir y comprender como las practicas de los sujetos producen-reproducen efectos y modificaciones en el contexto de los servicios y en las relaciones interpersonales.

Teaching nursing care in mental health in undergraduate nursing

OBJETIVO: Analizar la ensenanza del cuidado de enfermeria en salud mental por intermedio de los contenidos de los Proyectos Pedagogicos y Planes de Ensenanza de los Cursos de Pregrado en Enfermeria del Estado de Santa Catarina, en el periodo de 2009 y 2010. METODOS: Investigacion cualitativa, de tipo descriptivo y exploratorio, teniendo como tecnica de recoleccion de datos el analisis documental, realizada en el periodo de noviembre/2009 y enero/2010 con las 26 Coordinaciones de los Cursos de Pregrado en Enfermeria de Santa Catarina. RESULTADOS: El cuidado de enfermeria en salud mental esta presente en los contenidos de las disciplinas/modulos de 20 cursos. El contenido del cuidado demostro contradiccion sobre cual paradigma rige su ensenanza en esos cursos. CONCLUSION: La ensenanza del cuidado de enfermeria en salud mental avanza en un campo del conocimiento en construccion, compuesto por diferentes nucleos de saber-hacer sobre un concepto ampliado de salud/salud mental multideterminado.Objective: To analyze the teaching of nursing care in mental health through the contents for Educational Projects and Teaching Plans for Undergraduate Nursing Courses in the state of Santa Catarina, in the period of 2009 and 2010. Methods: Qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research, using the technique of data collection by document analysis, conducted between November/2009 and January/2010 with 26 Coordinators for Undergraduate Courses in Nursing in Santa Catarina. Results: Nursing care in mental health is present in the content of the disciplines / modules of 20 courses. The content of care demonstrated contradiction about which paradigm governed the teaching of these courses. Conclusion: The teaching of nursing care in mental health progresses in a field of knowledge in construction, composed of different nuclei of knowing – doing about a broader multidetermined concept of health / mental health.

Revisão integrativa da literatura sobre a influenza AH1N1

Aimed at learning about the production of knowledge about influenza AH1N1, from the literature on the subject relating to the emergence of the pandemic. It is an integrative literature review, which was used as selection criteria, articles indexed in the PubMed and SciELO in the period 2005 to 2009, in portuguese, english or spanish. The sample consisted of 14 publications, all published in 2009. There was a significant contribution of brazilian studies on the subject and researchers in public health. The research has helped understand the epidemiology of the disease, including profile cases, mortality of the disease, therapeutic management and risk factors. It was evident that no studies on the disease, which can subsidize the construction of policies to better cope with this and other pandemics, as well as being capable of sensitizing the society about the importance of preventive measuresObjetivou-se conhecer a producao do conhecimento acerca da influenza AH1N1, a partir da literatura sobre o tema, relacionando com a emergencia da pandemia. Trata-se de uma revisao integrativa da literatura, na qual se utilizou como criterios de selecao, artigos indexados nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO, no periodo de 2005 a 2009, nos idiomas portugues, ingles ou espanhol. A amostra foi constituida por 14 artigos, todos publicados no ano de 2009. Observou-se uma significativa contribuicao dos pesquisadores da area de saude publica e dos estudos brasileiros sobre o tema. A pesquisa possibilitou conhecer o perfil epidemiologico da doenca, incluindo perfil dos casos, letalidade da doenca, conduta terapeutica e fatores de risco. Evidenciou-se carencia de estudos relativos a doenca, que podem subsidiar a construcao de politicas para o melhor enfrentamento dessa e de outras pandemias, bem como capazes de sensibilizar a sociedade sobre a importância de medidas preventivas