Soemarno

The variations of physical and chemical water quality in Coban Rondo waterfall, Malang Indonesia

Coban Rondo waterfall is threated to have been polluted due to the tourism activity. Analysis of the water quality is essential to provide the basis for judging the suitability of water for its designated uses and improving its conditions. This study aims to analyze the water physical and chemical parameters of Coban Rondo waterfall in Pujon, Malang Indonesia. Three locations including upstream, waterfall, and downstream were the sources of the water samples taken during the rainy season. The study analyzes 12 water quality parameters consisting of 5 physical parameters and 7 chemical parameters. Using ANOVA, cluster analyses, and Biplot to analyze the water quality, the research results indicated that water and air temperatures were high in the upstream. The value of pH from 6.9 to 7.4, DO from 8 to 11 mg/L, conductivity from 0.106-0.112dS/m, turbidity 3.3 NTU to 7.6 NTU, water debit4 x 105 L/s and total phosphate from 0.5to 0.07 mg/L were higher in the downstream area, while the concentration of nitrate from 5 to 30 mg/L, orthophosphate 1.0 to 1.4 mg/L, COD from 14 to 22 mg/Land BOD 10.8 to 15.6mg/L was highest in the upstream. It indicates that the human activity in Coban Rondo has affected the water quality. Based on Indonesia government regulation No. 82/2001, the water in Coban Rondo was still suitable for irrigation and tourism (Class II), except BOD level.Coban Rondo waterfall is threated to have been polluted due to the tourism activity. Analysis of the water quality is essential to provide the basis for judging the suitability of water for its designated uses and improving its conditions. This study aims to analyze the water physical and chemical parameters of Coban Rondo waterfall in Pujon, Malang Indonesia. Three locations including upstream, waterfall, and downstream were the sources of the water samples taken during the rainy season. The study analyzes 12 water quality parameters consisting of 5 physical parameters and 7 chemical parameters. Using ANOVA, cluster analyses, and Biplot to analyze the water quality, the research results indicated that water and air temperatures were high in the upstream. The value of pH from 6.9 to 7.4, DO from 8 to 11 mg/L, conductivity from 0.106-0.112dS/m, turbidity 3.3 NTU to 7.6 NTU, water debit4 x 105 L/s and total phosphate from 0.5to 0.07 mg/L were higher in the downstream area, while the concentration of nitrate...

Methane Emission in Paddy Field with Local Rice Variety in Peat- Swamps Agricultural Lands, South Kalimantan

Rice cultivation in peat swamp agricultural lands in South Kalimantan has significant relationship with the issues of global warming. The aims of the study was to identify the methane gases releases from paddy field which are cultivated by local rice in Tamban sub district, Barito Kuala, Kuala Regency in South Kalimantan. Four local rice cultivars namely Siam Unus Putih, Pandak Putih, Siam 11 and Siam Rukut were cultivated in peat swamp paddy field. Methane release from each paddy cultivar was measured using close chamber technique. Research of the study shows that the emissions of methane from peat swamp paddy field with local rice cultivation during vegetative growth was increase and decrease during generative growth periods. The total methane emission in one season from Siam Unus local rice was estimated about 0.032 Kg/Ha while Siam Pandak rice was release methane about 0.019 Kg/Ha. This data shows that the contribution of paddy field with local rice has lowest methane emission compared from the peat swamp agricultural land with superior rice about 1.3 Ton/Ha.

The Development Strategy of Main Commodities in Regency of Tuban

Tuban is one area that has agricultural commodities make a significant contribution to the economy. Agricultural commodities in Tuban include food crops, plantations, forestry, fisheries and livestock. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of knowing the horticulture product development strategy by using SWOT and AHP. The results Showed that the strategy should be carried out expand the planting area that will increase of the productivity of vegetables and fruits featured. In addition, by using AHP analysis Showed that the commodity that takes precedence is the Large Red Chilli, Cayenne pepper/Small, star fruit, mango, melon, watermelon, Duku, Citrus, Banana and Guava. The study recommends that the processing should be performed yields superior products that add value and attractiveness increase is, so will be the solution in increasing income and employment in Tuban.

Leading Product Development of Fruits Using Location Quotient InTuban Regency

ct:Tuban has a major problem in the development of superior products of fruits is the absence of scientifically superior product descriptions both quantitatively and qualitatively. Please also note any factors that encourage and inhibit the development potential of the excellent products of the fruit. The purpose of research for a description of the potential fruits of superior products using the Location Quotient (LQ) in Tuban and the factors that drive and inhibit the development of superior product potential fruits. The study was conducted in January and April 2016. The results showed that the featured product Tuban fruits are mango, star fruit, sapodilla, guava, guava and jackfruit. LQ value of the fruit is greater than 1, or a commodity basis. The fruits are not a commodity base with LQ values smaller than 1 are melon, watermelon, citrus, Duku, oranges, papaya, bananas and avocados. Factors that encourage the development of superior products is the uniqueness or distinctiveness taste of fruit, land and agro-climatic suitability, pretty good road infrastructure in all regency, the governments support in the regulation of agriculture, their marketing opportunities are quite extensive, regional and national scale. While the factors inhibiting the development of superior products is the lack of creative effort in marketing the products featured, low agricultural practices good (good agricultural practice), weak capitalization farmers, yet implementation of the principles of organic farming, and is still a lack of facilities and infrastructure of post-harvest and processing activities agriculture, particularly fruit. Recommendation is the establishment of institutional marketing, such as marketing associations fruits by farmer groups, support or facilitation SKPD to carry out the development of superior products fruits, in terms of providing the marketing infrastructure in the form of a means of processing the fruits and the central marketing of fruits in Tuban, required an increase in promotion and investment in the development of superior products fruits undertaken by farmer groups in collaboration with the government and employers Tubanfruits.

MODEL COMPONENTS OF MANGROVE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT BASED ON BLUE ECONOMY CONCEPT

This study was aimed at analyzing variables affecting mangrove resource conservation based on blue economy concept. The model component analysis applied Spearman Rank Correlation test. Result showed that Z-calc.was bigger than Z-tab. (1.64) at 95% confidence level, and therefore, Ho was rejected. This study concluded that resource efficiency, without wastes, social awareness, cyclic system of production, innovation and adaptation, and institution were blue economy concept-based variables . In this case, institutional management of good governance is highly needed. Nevertheless, this study has still focused on limited issues, and therefore, more variables should be added in future studies in relation with their impacts on the blue economy management. Keywords: blue economy, management, mangrove, conservation

Technical and Financial Feasability Analysis of Mangrove (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) Starch Production in West Seram District, Maluku Province

The hypocotyls of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza have a high carbohydrate content, but have not been widely used as a staple food. An alternative use for Bruguiera gymnorrhiza hypocotyls is for the manufacture of starch. In addition to seeking new sources of starch for modern food industry. The research method used a completely randomized factorial design with three replicates and 2 treatment factors: NaHSO 3 concentrations of 0.10%. 0.20%. 0.25% and 0.40% and temperatures of 40°C, 50°C and 60°C. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16.0. The best treatment was determined using the De Garmo method. The results show that the best results were obtained from the treatment with a heating time of 5 minutes at 60 ° C with 0.40 % NaHSO3 concentration, producing 21.35 % amylose content, 64.30 % starch content, a viscosity of 40.33 %, 89.99 % solubility and 0.16 % monosaccharide content. a required investment of IRD. 88,550,000. The Net Present Value (NPV) analysis returned a figure of 90,011,325. The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) analysis gave a value of 46.81 %. The Payback Period (PP) analysis shows that the initial investment could be recouped within a period of 4 years and 3 months. The B/C ratio was 1.1. Based on the investment criteria analysis, it would be viable to establish this industry in West Seram District.

Interrelation of Environmental Communications through Radio Broadcast Resources (Research on Love of House Yard Movement in Sub-Province Sangihe, Indonesia)

This research was conducted to analyze the process of interrelation between environmental communication and environmental management policy through radio broadcast resources in the suburb area and changes in environmental sociology. The necessary data include primary data and secondary data obtained by using: documentation and literature study, in-depth interview, observation which is observation of phenomena that are directly related to the observed target and just limit the issues in question and recording. Data analysis was conducted descriptively to describe systematic, factual and accurate, facts and properties of study area in accordance with the problems. The results showed that movement program and radiobroadcast organizer do not move the interrelation society related to new culture in environment such as lifestyles, a balance living pattern according to the capacity of the social environment. Interrelation society with movement program, both individuals and groups, are depends on their interest and image to policymakers. It is because of policy program was universally impressed, so less attention for the interest of structural-functional continuously. Keyword: interrelation, environment communication, movement, archipelago of Sangihe.

The role of Mapalus in improving the wealth of farmers in Tomohon sub-district, Tomohon municipality North Sulawesi

The aims of the study were to find out the role of Mapalus as a form of mutual assistance and mutual help (gotong rotong in Indonesian) among the local people of Tomohon as well as to examine the forms of Mapalus existing in Tomohon these days. Data were collected through interviews, surveys, participatory observations, and documentation. Based on the data collected, there were five Mapalus groups existing in the villages in East Tomohon Municipality, North Sulawesi Province. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that Mapalus grows from the awareness of the local people. Mapalus is practiced in many sectors such as farming, economy, grief events, and house construction. Membership is based on neither social status, nor educational background nor religion nor races. Community involvement in Mapalus has two benefits, namely the social and economic benefits. Social benefits are associated with the betterment of the lives of individualism society. Economically, Mapalus involvement could reduce cost to employ people.

Sentani Watershed Erosion Potential Study and Suspended Solid Distribution (TSS) In Connection With Lake Silting

This study aims to analyze the problems that occurred in the area of Sentani Lake, including the erosion in the watershed, increased the sediment deposition and its relation to the silting up of the lake. The purpose of this study is to provide information to stakeholders, especially related to the preservation of Lake Sentani. These study results explained that the Lake Sentani experiencing silting caused of the deposition of sediment. Results of the mapping erosion potential is to provide information that the highest erosion potential of between 60 to 180 tons per hectare per year in the north of the lake, they are areas that have a high degree of slope. The lake of suspended solids concentration (TSS) between the top layer and the bottom layer there are significant differences in the upper layer of the TSS concentrations ranging from 20 milligrams per liter to 320 milligrams per liter while the bottom layer of the TSS concentrations ranged from 80 milligrams to 410 milligrams per liter liter. TSS concentration in the top layer at the inlet is significantly different from the TSS concentration in the outlet at the inlet ranged from 300 milligrams per liter to 320 milligrams per liter, while in the outlet TSS concentrations ranged from 20 milligrams per liter to 50 milligrams per liter. TSS concentration in the bottom layer at the inlet is significantly different from the TSS concentration in the outlet at the inlet ranged from 350 milligrams per liter to 390 milligrams per liter, while in the outlet TSS concentrations ranged from 80 milligrams per liter to 170 milligrams per liter, while in the middle of the lake that is the ultimate in having the highest TSS concentrations ranged from 390 milligrams per liter to 410 milligrams per liter. Water flow rate was measured on two layers near the surface and near the bottom of the lake. There is a significant difference between the flows rates in the second layer, which is the rate of flow in the upper layer ranged from 6 cm to 22 cm per second per second while the bottom layer ranged from 2.7 cm to 16 cm per second per second. The flow rate in the two layers have different characteristics, the flow rate in the upper layer has greater ranging from the inlet toward the outlet of the lake while the flow in the bottom layer from the inlet to the lake center the flow rate increases.

Characteristics Flavored Briquettes from Waste Wood Treatment Industry Woloan Houses on Stilts In Tomohon Indonesia

Characteristics flavored briquettes from waste wood treatment industry Woloan houses on stilts in Tomohon Indonesia has been investigated. This study aims to determine the nature of therapeutic scented charcoal briquettes from waste wood and iron wood houses on stilts on the industry mix in Tomohon Woloan that have been through the process of authoring. Experimental method used was CRD factorial, while properties such as charcoal briquettes physical properties (density) and chemical properties (moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content, carbon content and calorific value bound) used a model approach LSD. Briquette-making process that is by using a compression clamp tool manual hydraulic capacity of 10,000 kg/cm 2 . Treatment of waste composition between wood charcoal iron and wood mix is 40:60 ( A1 ), 50:50 ( A2 ), 60:40 (A3), each treated charcoal composition cinnamon extract 2% (B1), 3% (B2), 4% (B3) and was not given the extract (B0) as a control variable. The results showed that the charcoal briquettes have a density from 0.52 to 0.56 g/cm 3 , water content ranged from 1.54 to 5.57%, from 5.25 to 6.32% ash content, volatile matter content of 8.89-9.96%, 83.74 to 85.77% bonded carbon content and calorific value ranges between 5,440,67- 5,650,67 cal/g. Briquettes best based on the results of the LSD treatment of waste composition 60% charcoal and 40% iron wood charcoal wood waste mix with the addition of cinnamon extract 4%.