Suhartini

PERAN INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN TEMBAKAU DALAM PEREKONOMIAN DAN PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI KABUPATEN PONOROGO, JAWA TIMUR

Tobacco is one of important commodity in the economy of Ponorogo regency. Tobacco becomes the supporting material for development of potential tobacco processingindustry in Ponorogo regency, which consists of cigarette and processed tobaccoindustry. In the other hand, the development of tobacco processing industry should face the increasing of anti cigarette movement and the government’s regulation about tobacco product controlling, which is PP No. 109 year 2012. Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze how is the role of tobacco processingindustry covered sector’s contribution, linkages, and multiplier effect in the economy, and the employment. The analysis method use input -output analysis and Incremental Labor Output Ratio (ILOR) analysis. Theresearch result shows that: 1) The cigarette industry contribute relatively high in the structure of demand, output, and export, while the contribution of processed tobaccoindustry tend low; 2) The ability of processed tobaccoindustry to pull the downstream sector is strong, while the ability of both cigarette and processed tobaccoindustry to push the upstream sector is weak; 3) The processed tobacco industry has relatively high output and income multiplier, while the cigaretteindustry has relatively high employment multiplier; 4) The ILOR value of both cigarette and processed tobaccoindustry is zero. The increasing of output doesn’t cause the increasing or decreasing employment because of the indication of technology use.

Analysis of Inputs use in Rice Farm Management at Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia

Farm management had several constraint such as limited water availability, excessive use of production factor(s), and declining productivity. Goal of farming activity is not only seen from the increased production but, also from how the increased production can increase the farmers income. Therefore, the aim of this research was to know the factors that affect fertilizer and labor usage in the research area, and also the factors that affect rice production. Location of research was determined purposive to be in Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia. The data was obtained through simple random sampling. The data analysis method used 2SLS (two Stage Least Square). The result of this research foundthat the factors that affect fertilizer usage are land area, total cost of labor, and age of farmers. Factors that affect labor usage are farmer education, total cost of labor, and number of family. Factors that affect rice production are land area, seed, pesticide, and fertilizer.