Verônica de Azevedo Mazza

Aplicação da Teoria do Cuidado Transpessoal de Jean Watson: uma década de produção brasileira

Esta revision sistematica tuvo como objetivo describir y analizar la aplicacion de la Teoria del Cuidado Transpersonal de Jean Watson en las investigaciones divulgadas en publicaciones de Enfermeria brasilenas de los ultimos diez anos. El levantamiento bibliografico abarco 34 producciones seleccionadas en las bases de datos electronicas MEDLINE (MEDLARS [Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System] On-line), LILACS (Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud), BDENF (Base de datos de Enfermeria) y SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library On-line), que despues de la aplicacion de los criterios de inclusion establecidos, compusieron la muestra del estudio. Los resultados senalaron que la region Sur concentra el 61,8% de las producciones referidas al tema de estudio, que ella puede ser aplicada en los niveles de atencion primaria, secundaria y terciaria y que el 64,7% de las producciones utilizan los factores de cuidado propuestos por Jean Watson en 1979. Surge la necesidad de perfeccionamiento de las investigaciones respecto a la transformacion ocurrida en la Teoria del Cuidado Transpersonal, con abordaje del Proceso Clinical Caritas, no obstante como son escasos los estudios referentes a esta tematica, dificultan su utilizacion practica.RESUMO RESUMEN Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring: a decade of brazilian publications 214 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):213-8. 215 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):213-8. 216 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):213-8. 217 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):213-8. 218 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):213-8.

Vulnerability of children in adverse situations to their development: proposed analytical matrix

This theoretical study presents a conceptual matrix built to analyze the vulnerability of children in adverse situations to their development. It proposes that the vulnerability of children is analyzed by means of the following dimensions: individual , which is related to ongoing nurturing relationships, physical protection and security; social , which concerns the social insertion of family and access to rights of social protection and promotion; and programmatic , which involves the political-programmatic scenario and the guidelines and political-programmatic implementation. The practical application of this matrix allows apprehending the health-disease process beyond the individual dimension, enabling the articulation of public policies and actions of professionals to achieve effectiveness in meeting the needs of children. The use of this conceptual matrix can provide to health teams a specific understanding of the adverse situations to child development as well as subsidizing intervention plans based on the analytical dimensions of vulnerability.

Redes sociais de apoio de pessoas com transtornos mentais e familiares

A pesquisa buscou conhecer a concepcao de rede de apoio social de pessoas com transtornos mentais e familiares e identificar a rede de apoio social desses atores sociais. Trata-se de uma investigacao descritivo-exploratoria, com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida na Universidade Federal do Parana - Curitiba, de agosto a dezembro de 2009. Participaram tres pessoas com transtorno mental e seis familiares. Os dados foram obtidos mediante a tecnica de Discussao de Grupo e, posteriormente, categorizados pela analise tematica. Os resultados permitiram conhecer o significado e a contribuicao da rede social de apoio dos familiares e portadores de transtornos mentais, bem como seus aspectos negativos. Tambem revelaram ser composta por grupos de igrejas, servicos de saude, familia, entre outros. Concluiu-se que a pesquisa tenha auxiliado os sujeitos a refletir acerca das suas redes sociais de apoio, fortalecido os lacos interpessoais e favorecido a melhora da autoestima e a inclusao social.

Análise do discurso: uma reflexão para pesquisar em saúde

En este trabajo presentamos la expresion oral y la expresion escrita como formacion discursiva, enfatizando las razones que la convierten en objeto de analisis, para ello presentamos diferentes instrumentos. Resaltamos la importancia del analisis del discurso para el desarrollo de las investigaciones en el area de la salud, pues tal metodo permite interpretar la realidad a partir del texto, o de los textos, poniendo en evidencia a los sujetos de la produccion y de su interpretacion. E asi como el contexto en el que se producen. Explicamos las contradicciones, continuidades y rupturas construidas historicamente, que hacen del discurso una practica social. Consideramos el analisis del discurso como posibilidad de captar el sentido no explicito en el lenguaje oral y escrito, por lo tanto como una forma mas de aproximacion del proceso salud-enfermedad. El objetivo es incorporar el analisis del discurso en el area e la salud, haciendo enfasis en este metodo como una rica contribucion de las Ciencias Sociales.Neste trabalho, tomamos a fala e a escrita como formacao discursiva, destacando as razoes para converte-la em objeto de analise, e apresentando diferentes instrumentos para tanto. Ressaltamos a importância da analise do discurso para o desenvolvimento das pesquisas em saude, por permitir a interpretacao da realidade a partir do texto, ou dos textos, evidenciando os sujeitos da producao e interpretacao deles, assim como o contexto de sua producao. Sao explicitadas as contradicoes, as continuidades e rupturas construidas historicamente, que fazem do discurso uma pratica social. Consideramos a analise do discurso como possibilidade de captar o sentido nao explicito na fala e escrita, portanto como mais uma forma de aproximacao do processo saudedoenca. O objetivo desta reflexao e incorporar a analise do discurso a area da saude, enfatizando este metodo como rica contribuicao das Ciencias Sociais.Neste trabalho, tomamos a fala e a escrita como formacao discursiva, destacando as razoes para converte-la em objeto de analise, e apresentando diferentes instrumentos para tanto. Ressaltamos a importância da analise do discurso para o desenvolvimento das pesquisas em saude, por permitir a interpretacao da realidade a partir do texto, ou dos textos, evidenciando os sujeitos da producao e interpretacao deles, assim como o contexto de sua producao. Sao explicitadas as contradicoes, as continuidades e rupturas construidas historicamente, que fazem do discurso uma pratica social. Consideramos a analise do discurso como possibilidade de captar o sentido nao explicito na fala e escrita, portanto como mais uma forma de aproximacao do processo saudedoenca. O objetivo desta reflexao e incorporar a analise do discurso a area da saude, enfatizando este metodo como rica contribuicao das Ciencias Sociais.

Apoio social a famílias de crianças com paralisia cerebral

Objective To describe the experience of the families of children with cerebral palsy concerning their social support network. Methods Qualitative research carried out with 19 families of children with cerebral palsy. Focal group sessions were performed and statements were recorded, thoroughly transcribed and assessed by the thematic analysis technique. Results The following thematic categories emerged: Experience of the family in caring for the child with cerebral palsy, and Frail social support concerning family bonds. Conclusion The social support network of the families of children with cerebral palsy is basically comprised of family members. Families undergo changes in their daily life and experience unfavorable feelings, seeking in the spiritual realm the hope to cope with adversities.

Assistência em saúde mental sustentada no modelo psicossocial: narrativas de familiares e pessoas com transtorno mental

This study was performed in 2009 in Curitiba, using the thematic oral history technique. The participants were eight individuals from three different families who had one relative suffering from a mental disorder. The objective of the study was to describe the perception of relatives and persons with mental disorders regarding mental healthcare based on the psychosocial model. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, which were then analyzed and organized descriptively. The participants opined that extra-hospital services such as the Psychosocial Care Center and mental health outpatient clinics are innovative strategies. They described receiving assistance from a multidisciplinary team, the mediation of family conflicts, and the principle of territoriality. They highlighted that the individual with a mental disorder is followed by the Basic Health Unit and emphasized the importance of mental health network connections. They believe that including the family in the treatment regime improves family relationships and their acceptance of the disease.Investigacion segun metodologia de historia oral tematica, desarrollada durante 2009 en Curitiba, con ocho colaboradores pertenecientes a tres familias con un miembro padeciendo transtorno mental. Se objetivo describir la percepcion de familiares y portadores de transtorno mental sobre la atencion de salud mental basada en el modelo psicosocial. Datos recabados mediante entrevista semiestructurada, analizados y presentados de modo descriptivo. Los colaboradores consideraron estrategias innovadoras a los servicios extrahospitalarios como el Centro de Atencion Psicosocial y ambulatorios de salud mental, mencionaron la atencion por parte de equipo multidisciplinario, la mediacion de conflictos familiares y el principio de territorialidad. Destacaron el seguimiento del portador de transtorno mental por la Unidad Basica de Salud y resaltaron la importancia de las asociaciones en la red de salud mental. Atribuyeron la mejora de las relaciones familiares y la aceptacion del padecimiento a la inclusion de la familia en el tratamiento

Family needs on child development in the light of health promotion

This is an analytical exploratory research; its object is family health needs on child development apprehended by the dialectics between objective and subjective dimensions. Object interpretation was grounded on the theoretical background of Health Promotion, underpinned by the concept of empowerment. Objectives: 1. To characterize the potential for social development in health districts of Curitiba City/ Brazil. 2. To characterize social inclusion of families with children under 5 years of age in the coverage area of the Health Primary Unit. 3. To apprehend the perceived health needs by families and representatives of social agencies on child development. 4. To analyze data based on the theoretical background of Health Promotion. Methodology: This study was carried out in the city of Curitiba, at Bairro Novo Health District. Qualitative-quantitative techniques were used. Research subjects were members of families with children until 5 years of age, residents in the coverage area of the Health Unit and representatives of socialization agencies working with families in that area. In the objective dimension, secondary data were obtained at Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) – Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – from the census of 2000, in order to characterize social inequalities among Health Districts, using the construct of Social Inclusion Indicator and Home Quality Indicator. Data were clustered according to the census sectors that entail each Health District. Families’ characterization was undertaken by means of a semi-structured interview with 49 families, entailing information on social inclusion. In the subjective dimension, data were obtained by means of a focal group undertaken with 21 families and by means of semi-structured interviews with 12 representatives of socialization agencies: Family protection council, Primary Health Care Unit, “Pastoral da Crianca (community-based organization run by the Catholic Church to provide help to mothers and children), day-care center and pre-school. Data were analyzed by means of the dialectic-hermeneutic method. Results: The municipality presented a Social Inclusion Indicator of 3.66; SII in Bairro Novo was 3.23, below municipality average. Families’ characterization unveiled the social inequalities existent in the area. Data analysis disclosed families’ health needs, showing differences in their apprehension as well as in their fulfillment. Contradictions were found in the practices of socialization agencies, subjects’ control and autonomy, based on families’ normative view. Families’ idealized view hinders the realization of their “actual” needs, hampering the elaboration of social projects which really meet their needs. Families perceive themselves as refuge spots, able to protect their children from societal violence. The realization of families’ health needs foster the possibility of designing intervention projects in Nursing Collective Health in order to strengthen family autonomy, bringing about family-centered care, committed to an emancipating, horizontal, dialogic action. However, it deems necessary to stress the power of public policies in order to strengthen families, broadening families’ chances to promote child development so that they do not become – through their omission – a factor of vulnerability to children’s health.

Social support networks for people with familiar and mental disorders

A pesquisa buscou conhecer a concepcao de rede de apoio social de pessoas com transtornos mentais e familiares e identificar a rede de apoio social desses atores sociais. Trata-se de uma investigacao descritivo-exploratoria, com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida na Universidade Federal do Parana - Curitiba, de agosto a dezembro de 2009. Participaram tres pessoas com transtorno mental e seis familiares. Os dados foram obtidos mediante a tecnica de Discussao de Grupo e, posteriormente, categorizados pela analise tematica. Os resultados permitiram conhecer o significado e a contribuicao da rede social de apoio dos familiares e portadores de transtornos mentais, bem como seus aspectos negativos. Tambem revelaram ser composta por grupos de igrejas, servicos de saude, familia, entre outros. Concluiu-se que a pesquisa tenha auxiliado os sujeitos a refletir acerca das suas redes sociais de apoio, fortalecido os lacos interpessoais e favorecido a melhora da autoestima e a inclusao social.

Social support network of nurses for the care of their own children

Se trata de un estudio descriptivo-exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo, cuyo objetivo fue caracterizar el apoyo social de las madres enfermeras en el cuidado de los ninos. Los sujetos fueron 10 madres enfermeras. En el proceso de seleccion de las madres se utilizo la tecnica de bola de nieve. Los datos fueron recolectados en el periodo de noviembre de 2011 hasta enero de 2012, por medio de la realizacion de entrevistas, utilizando una pauta semiestructurada y la construccion de genogramas y ecomapas de las familias. Los datos fueron analizados a partir del tecnica de analisis de contenido de Bardin que llevo a la creacion de dos categorias: (1) El volver al trabajo: la importancia del apoyo familiar y (2) La familia y sus contextos interactivos: tipos de enlaces. La red de apoyo social de la familia es esencial para la vida de estas mujeres, que necesitan el apoyo, la asistencia y orientacion en la direccion de sus actividades en la sobrecarga diaria.Resumen pt: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratorio, com abordagem qualitativa, que objetivou caracterizar o suporte social de enfermeiras-maes no processo de ...

Teoria do cuidado transpessoal de jean watson no cuidado domiciliar de enfermagem a crianca: uma reflexao

Resumen This is a reflexive essay on the potential use of Jean Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Caring in the delivery of child-oriented nursing home care, in the light of the 10 elements of the Clinical Caritas Process. This theoretical background permits the development of transpersonal home care to children, the moment when nurses need to develop self-knowledge, have theoretical-philosophical suppor t, and use this knowledge to overcome the paradigm of objectivity and biological care.This is a reflexive essay on the potential use of Jean Watsons Theory of Transpersonal Caring in the delivery of child-oriented nursing home care, in the light of the 10 elements of the Clinical Caritas Process. This theoretical background permits the development of transpersonal home care to children, the moment when nurses need to develop self-knowledge, have theoreticalphilosophical support, and use this knowledge to overcome the paradigm of objectivity and biological care.