Victor Vincent Valla

Programas de promoção da saúde do idoso: uma revisão da literatura científica no período de 1990 a 2002

O artigo mostra as experiencias de avaliacao em promocao da saude do idoso a partir da revisao de programas na area. Fez-se busca bibliografica em bases de dados, sites e periodicos especializados, no periodo 1990-2002. O criterio de inclusao foi ser programa com foco multitematico com atividades educativas e/ou preventivas. Os estudos revisados revelam um campo multifacetado quanto as tendencias teorico-metodologicas e as estrategias de pesquisa. Na experiencia internacional predomina o estudo quase-experimental, enquanto no Brasil sao comuns os relatos de experiencias. As principais dimensoes avaliadas nos estudos sao a receptividade dos idosos, a melhoria de indicadores psicossociais, a aderencia a recomendacoes comportamentais e o processo educativo. Nos resultados destacam-se a boa receptividade dos idosos e certa discrepância de efeitos na afericao quantitativa de indicadores. Os estudos qualitativos apontam caminhos para apreensao dos processos. Conclui-se que a avaliacao em promocao da saude do idoso e pouco desenvolvida no Brasil e a pesquisa de sintese dos programas pode ser parâmetro para o desenvolvimento das experiencias em nosso contexto.

Redes sociais, poder e saúde à luz das classes populares numa conjuntura de crise

The process of globalization has driven the State, in its role of provider, into a state of crisis that is affecting the relationship between the lower classes and healthcare services in Brazil. The development of a neo-liberal world, with its concentration of income and its excluding effects, necessarily points toward the construction of another world, in which survival is closely tied to solidarity. Were it not for this crisis, perhaps a proposal of social support in the healthcare area would not draw so much attention. However, once the window is cracked open for the proposal to be examined more carefully, it becomes necessary to acknowledge that it is a legitimate proposal based on its own merits, regardless of the crisis itself. The discussion of social support as a health and education proposal reveals the possibility of approaching an issue that often generates contradiction among the mediators of popular education: the religiosity of the masses. Will this be overcome with time, or is it an integral part of the culture of the masses?The process of globalization has driven the State, in its role of provider, into a state of crisis that is affecting the relationship between the lower classes and healthcare services in Brazil. The development of a neo-liberal world, with its concentration of income and its excluding effects, necessarily points toward the construction of another world, in which survival is closely tied to solidarity. Were it not for this crisis, perhaps a proposal of social support in the healthcare area would not draw so much attention. However, once the window is cracked open for the proposal to be examined more carefully, it becomes necessary to acknowledge that it is a legitimate proposal based on its own merits, regardless of the crisis itself. The discussion of social support as a health and education proposal reveals the possibility of approaching an issue that often generates contradiction among the mediators of popular education: the religiosity of the masses. Will this be overcome with time, or is it an integral part of the culture of the masses?

Educação, saúde e cidadania: investigação científica e assessoria popular

O autor relaciona a educacao e saude com a cidadania atraves da discussao dos servicos basicos e os impostos pagos pela populacao. As contradicoes decorrentes da distribuicao desigual das verbas publicas, privilegiando a infra-estrutura industrial sobre o consumo coletivo, apontam a necessidade dos setores populares organizados da sociedade civil pressionarem os governos para uma politica alternativa. O autor propoe que profissionais das universidades publicas, como forma de servico publico, oferecam aos setores populares da sociedade civil subsidios tecnicos para suas reivindicacoes, atraves dos resultados das suas investigacoes. Alguns resultados relativos ao centro municipal de saude e sua relacao com os usuarios, tanto quanto a questao do meio ambiente com os agravos a saude dos moradores das favelas do Rio de Janeiro, sao exemplificados. O texto inclui uma discussao sobre a capacitacao mutua dos setores populares organizados e profissionais da rede de servicos e/ou da universidade publica. Para isso, apresenta-se a experiencia do Nesc/DCS/Ensp/Fiocruz das Oficinas de Educacao e Saude, onde liderancas populares e profissionais debatem as contradicoes inerentes ao servico publico com relacao a eficiencia e a eficacia. E proposto o diagnostico participativo como forma dos profissionais/entidades populares lidarem com a precariedade de informacoes disponiveis sobre os agravos a saude da populacao.

Avaliação do projeto de promoção da saúde do Núcleo de Atenção ao Idoso: um estudo exploratório

A avaliacao em promocao da saude do idoso e tematica emergente com a expansao de programas impulsionados pelo envelhecimento populacional. Apresentamse dados da avaliacao exploratoria do Projeto de Promocao da Saude do Nucleo de Atencao ao Idoso da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, orientada pela analise de implantacao e baseada em fontes documentais, reavaliacao dos idosos e observacao participante. Observouse alcance dos objetivos de socializacao e debate de informacoes, reforco da autoestima e ampliacao dos contatos sociais. Na reavaliacao foram constatadas pequenas mudancas em indicadores de autocuidado e de saude e bem-estar subjetivo, inferindo-se estabilidade positiva pelo perfil dos participantes. Conclui-se que o projeto contribui com a reorientacao das praticas de saude em direcao a atencao integral, pautada na humanizacao e no fortalecimento da participacao dos sujeitos sobre questoes que afetam a saude e bemestar, nos planos individual e coletivo.

Direito humano à alimentação adequada: um olhar urbano

The human right to adequate food is comprehended in two dimensions: being free of hunger and denutrition and having access to an adequate food. The urban context, in which the possession of food is done primarily through merchandising because of its strong consuming appealing, became a big challenge to debate this topic in poor districts today. Here we combine considerations of a qualitative study carried out in São João de Meriti, Rio de Janeiro State, joining leaders from Pastoral da Criança in focal group sessions. The unemployment, the sub-employment and the difficulty in reaching the public health system, the social assistance and basic sanitation were presented as the major obstacles to bring into effect the human right to food. It was possible to determine that, among the strategies to fight the poverty and hunger, a big highlight is the establishment of mutual help mechanisms. The social support, generosity and religiousness were presented as the most important categories among the thoughts of the leaders. Facing a reality in which poverty and hunger appear as something inherent or become a mechanism of change during elections, the issue of the clienteles appears as a huge concern and challenge for those leaders.

Educação, participação, urbanização: uma contribuição à análise histórica das propostas institucionais para as favelas do Rio de Janeiro, 1941-1980

Por quase meio seculo, instituicoes governamentais e religiosas vem implementando programas tecnico-administrativos e educacionais nas favelas do Rio de Janeiro. A analise que se desenvolve desses programas mostra que, embora os contextos historicos possam variar, ha fortes semelhancas na maneira em que estas instituicoes se veem e na maneira que veem suas relacoes com as populacoes das favelas. A analise e desenvolvida utilizando-se categorias tais como urbanizacao, participacao, responsabilidade, moral e cidadania.

Evaluation of a health promotion project at the Elderly People's Care Center: an exploratory study

A avaliacao em promocao da saude do idoso e tematica emergente com a expansao de programas impulsionados pelo envelhecimento populacional. Apresentamse dados da avaliacao exploratoria do Projeto de Promocao da Saude do Nucleo de Atencao ao Idoso da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, orientada pela analise de implantacao e baseada em fontes documentais, reavaliacao dos idosos e observacao participante. Observouse alcance dos objetivos de socializacao e debate de informacoes, reforco da autoestima e ampliacao dos contatos sociais. Na reavaliacao foram constatadas pequenas mudancas em indicadores de autocuidado e de saude e bem-estar subjetivo, inferindo-se estabilidade positiva pelo perfil dos participantes. Conclui-se que o projeto contribui com a reorientacao das praticas de saude em direcao a atencao integral, pautada na humanizacao e no fortalecimento da participacao dos sujeitos sobre questoes que afetam a saude e bemestar, nos planos individual e coletivo.

Social networks, power and health versus common people in a crisis environment

The process of globalization has driven the State, in its role of provider, into a state of crisis that is affecting the relationship between the lower classes and healthcare services in Brazil. The development of a neo-liberal world, with its concentration of income and its excluding effects, necessarily points toward the construction of another world, in which survival is closely tied to solidarity. Were it not for this crisis, perhaps a proposal of social support in the healthcare area would not draw so much attention. However, once the window is cracked open for the proposal to be examined more carefully, it becomes necessary to acknowledge that it is a legitimate proposal based on its own merits, regardless of the crisis itself. The discussion of social support as a health and education proposal reveals the possibility of approaching an issue that often generates contradiction among the mediators of popular education: the religiosity of the masses. Will this be overcome with time, or is it an integral part of the culture of the masses?The process of globalization has driven the State, in its role of provider, into a state of crisis that is affecting the relationship between the lower classes and healthcare services in Brazil. The development of a neo-liberal world, with its concentration of income and its excluding effects, necessarily points toward the construction of another world, in which survival is closely tied to solidarity. Were it not for this crisis, perhaps a proposal of social support in the healthcare area would not draw so much attention. However, once the window is cracked open for the proposal to be examined more carefully, it becomes necessary to acknowledge that it is a legitimate proposal based on its own merits, regardless of the crisis itself. The discussion of social support as a health and education proposal reveals the possibility of approaching an issue that often generates contradiction among the mediators of popular education: the religiosity of the masses. Will this be overcome with time, or is it an integral part of the culture of the masses?

Evaluación del proyecto de promoción de la salud del Núcleo de Atención al Anciano: un estudio exploratorio

A avaliacao em promocao da saude do idoso e tematica emergente com a expansao de programas impulsionados pelo envelhecimento populacional. Apresentamse dados da avaliacao exploratoria do Projeto de Promocao da Saude do Nucleo de Atencao ao Idoso da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, orientada pela analise de implantacao e baseada em fontes documentais, reavaliacao dos idosos e observacao participante. Observouse alcance dos objetivos de socializacao e debate de informacoes, reforco da autoestima e ampliacao dos contatos sociais. Na reavaliacao foram constatadas pequenas mudancas em indicadores de autocuidado e de saude e bem-estar subjetivo, inferindo-se estabilidade positiva pelo perfil dos participantes. Conclui-se que o projeto contribui com a reorientacao das praticas de saude em direcao a atencao integral, pautada na humanizacao e no fortalecimento da participacao dos sujeitos sobre questoes que afetam a saude e bemestar, nos planos individual e coletivo.

Redes sociales, poder y salud según perspectiva de las clases populares en una coyuntura de crisis

The process of globalization has driven the State, in its role of provider, into a state of crisis that is affecting the relationship between the lower classes and healthcare services in Brazil. The development of a neo-liberal world, with its concentration of income and its excluding effects, necessarily points toward the construction of another world, in which survival is closely tied to solidarity. Were it not for this crisis, perhaps a proposal of social support in the healthcare area would not draw so much attention. However, once the window is cracked open for the proposal to be examined more carefully, it becomes necessary to acknowledge that it is a legitimate proposal based on its own merits, regardless of the crisis itself. The discussion of social support as a health and education proposal reveals the possibility of approaching an issue that often generates contradiction among the mediators of popular education: the religiosity of the masses. Will this be overcome with time, or is it an integral part of the culture of the masses?The process of globalization has driven the State, in its role of provider, into a state of crisis that is affecting the relationship between the lower classes and healthcare services in Brazil. The development of a neo-liberal world, with its concentration of income and its excluding effects, necessarily points toward the construction of another world, in which survival is closely tied to solidarity. Were it not for this crisis, perhaps a proposal of social support in the healthcare area would not draw so much attention. However, once the window is cracked open for the proposal to be examined more carefully, it becomes necessary to acknowledge that it is a legitimate proposal based on its own merits, regardless of the crisis itself. The discussion of social support as a health and education proposal reveals the possibility of approaching an issue that often generates contradiction among the mediators of popular education: the religiosity of the masses. Will this be overcome with time, or is it an integral part of the culture of the masses?