Yoon Seob Kim

Antiviral prophylaxis for preventing herpes zoster in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT The optimal duration of prophylaxis for the varicella‐zoster virus following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available literature to determine the optimal duration of antiviral prophylaxis for preventing herpes zoster (HZ) in allogeneic and autologous HSCT recipients. The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched to identify relevant studies. The relative risk (RR) of HZ was calculated using fixed effects or random effects models depending on heterogeneity across the included studies. We analyzed six observational studies comprising a total of 3420 patients. In all HSCT recipients, the overall incidence of HZ in the prophylaxis group and the control group was 7.8% and 25.6%, respectively, with a pooled RR of 0.31 (95% CI, 0.26–0.37). The incidence of HZ in the subgroup wherein prophylaxis was given for at least 1 year and in the subgroup wherein prophylaxis was given for less than 1 year was 2.1% and 15.4%, respectively, with a pooled RR of 0.23 (95% CI, 0.04–1.39). Taken together, our results demonstrate that antiviral prophylaxis can significantly reduce HZ in HSCT recipients, and suggests that long‐term prophylaxis given for at least 1 year may be recommended for better preventive effects. HIGHLIGHTSOptimal duration of prophylaxis for varicella‐zoster following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains unclear.Our results demonstrate that antiviral prophylaxis can significantly reduce herpes zoster.It is suggested that long‐term prophylaxis given for at least 1 year may be recommended.

Increased Risk of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria in Patients With Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: A Nationwide, Population-based Study

There was no previous population-based study on the comparison of the risk of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) between autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and age- and gender-matched controls. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of CSU after diagnosis of AITD using national registry data from Korea. The secondary objective was to evaluate other risk factors of CSU. Based on the disease code diagnoses in 2003-2005, we composed an AITD group (n=3,659) and an age- and gender-matched control group (n=18,295). Each patient was tracked for whether CSU occurs or not until 2013. After adjusting for demographic differences and comorbidities, patients with AITD had a significantly higher rate of CSU compared to the control group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-1.70; P<0.001). Among the AITD patients, the adjusted HR for CSU was higher in patients with Hashimotos thyroiditis (HR, 1.50) than in those with Graves disease (HR, 1.33), although the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.368). Analysis of CSU patients associated with AITD showed that female patients had a significantly higher risk of CSU compared to male ones (HR, 1.34; P=0.001) and that those with allergic rhinitis (HR, 1.51; P<0.001), atopic dermatitis (HR, 2.44; P<0.001), and asthma (HR, 1.50; P<0.001) had a significantly higher risk of CSU compared to patients without respective diseases. Our results demonstrated that AITD could be significantly associated with an increased risk of CSU.

Repeated Microneedle Stimulation Induces Enhanced Hair Growth in a Murine Model

Background Microneedle is a method that creates transdermal microchannels across the stratum corneum barrier layer of skin. No previous study showed a therapeutic effect of microneedle itself on hair growth by wounding. Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of repeated microwound formed by microneedle on hair growth and hair growth-related genes in a murine model. Methods A disk microneedle roller was applied to each group of mice five times a week for three weeks. First, to identify the optimal length and cycle, microneedles of lengths of 0.15 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, and 1 mm and cycles of 3, 6, 10, and 13 cycles were applied. Second, the effect of hair growth and hair-growth-related genes such as Wnt3a, β-catenin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Wnt10b was observed using optimized microneedle. Outcomes were observed using visual inspection, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry. Results We found that the optimal length and cycle of microneedle treatment on hair growth was 0.25 mm/10 cycles and 0.5 mm/10 cycles. Repeated microneedle stimulation promoted hair growth, and it also induced the enhanced expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin, VEGF, and Wnt10b. Conclusion Our study provides evidence that microneedle stimulation can induce hair growth via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and VEGF. Combined with the drug delivery effect, we believe that microneedle stimulation could lead to new approaches for alopecia.

Validation of Herpes Zoster Diagnosis Code in the Electronic Medical Record: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study

Vol. 30, No. 2, 2018 253 Received December 28, 2016, Revised April 7, 2017, Accepted for publication May 23, 2017 Corresponding author: Young Min Park, Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2258-6223, Fax: 82-2-599-9950, E-mail: yymmpark6301@hotmail.com This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright

A Case of Cholesterol Granuloma Presenting as a Cutaneous Nodule

Vol. 29, No. 3, 2017 383 Received April 11, 2016, Revised July 13, 2016, Accepted for publication July 20, 2016 Corresponding author: Kyung Ho Lee, Department of Dermatology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 327 Sosa-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon 14647, Korea. Tel: 82-32-3402115, Fax: 82-32-340-2118, E-mail: beauty4u@catholic.ac.kr This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright

Multiple Spitz nevi after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Spitz nevus commonly appears as a solitary lesion. A 12‐year‐old male patient presented with a 6‐month history of several pigmented lesions on his trunk and lower extremities. He had undergone chemoradiotherapy and unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation against recurring acute lymphoblastic leukemia for 6 years. After that, several pigmented lesions abruptly developed on his trunk and lower extremities, and the number of those increased significantly. Pathologically, the diagnosis of multiple Spitz nevi was made. In a clinical correlation, we diagnosed multiple Spitz nevi resulting from such an immunocompromised condition. This is the first description of clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic features of multiple Spitz nevi in the hematopoietic cell transplantation (HSCT) recipient child.

Hidradenitis suppurativa in association with keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome treated with adalimumab

Dear Editor, Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic and debilitating inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by painful lesions in apocrine gland-bearing areas. Treatments for HS include antibiotics, anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs, systemic steroids, estrogens, anti-androgens, retinoids and incision. However, despite appropriate treatment, HS recurs frequently. Keratitis– ichthyosis–deafness (KID) syndrome is a rare congenital disorder of the ectoderm that gives rise to keratitis, erythrokeratoderma and neurosensory deafness. In addition to xerosis, HS has rarely been reported as a skin symptom accompanying KID. Antibiotics, acitretin, retinoids and anti-TNF drugs have been reported to treat it but cases of severe HS are usually refractory to treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of HS in association with KID treated with adalimumab. A 43-year-old man came to our clinic suffering from a malodorous fistulating tract of the lower extremities and a purulent draining sinus of the groin embedded in keloidal tissue (Fig. 1a). He presented with ichthyosis cutis and diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma (Fig. 1c,d). He had been diagnosed with KID syndrome via sequencing analysis 11 years prior. The sequencing analysis showed a known polymorphism (–34C?T; National Center for Biotechnology Information reference single nucleotide polymorphism ID: 15 9578260), a heterozygous 148G?A transition in connexin 26 resulting in substitution of aspartic acid with asparagine in codon 50. Histological examination of the inguinal skin tissue showed marked perivascular plasmacytic infiltration in the upper and mid-dermis (Fig. 1f,g, h). Clinically and histologically, HS was diagnosed in association with KID syndrome.

Schnitzler Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Vol. 30, No. 4, 2018 483 Received December 12, 2016, Revised July 25, 2017, Accepted for publication August 16, 2017 Corresponding author: Jun Young Lee, Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2258-6222, Fax: 82-2-599-9950, E-mail: jylee@catholic.ac.kr ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-1759 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright

Self-Reported Provoking Physical Factors in Patients with Chronic Urticaria: A Questionnaire Study

478 Ann Dermatol Received June 27, 2017, Revised August 7, 2017, Accepted for publication August 11, 2017 Corresponding author: Young Min Park, Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2258-6223, Fax: 82-2-599-9950, E-mail: yymmpark6301@hotmail.com ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3631-0807 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright

Unique Case of Postural Acquired Lymphangiectasia of the Scrotum Exacerbated by an Erect Position

378 Ann Dermatol Received November 25, 2016, Revised June 25, 2017, Accepted for publication July 1, 2017 Corresponding author: Young Min Park, Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea. Tel: 82-2-22586223, Fax: 82-2-599-9950, E-mail: yymmpark6301@hotmail.com ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3631-0807 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright