Adriana Regina Bagaldo

Consumo, digestibilidade e parâmetros sanguíneos de cordeiros submetidos a dietas com torta de dendê

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar o melhor nivel de inclusao da torta de dende por intermedio do consumo e da digesti- bilidade dos nutrientes e parâmetros sanguineos em cordeiros terminados em confinamento. Utilizaram-se 20 animais inteiros, Santa Ines, ali- mentados com farelo de milho, farelo de soja, feno de tifton 85 e niveis de torta de dende (0,0; 6,5;13,5 e 19,5% da materia seca), em mistura completa. O periodo experimental teve duracao de 24 dias. Durante tres dias consecutivos, foram coletadas amostras do alimento, das sobras e fezes para determinacao do consumo e da digestibilidade. No ultimo dia, foram coletadas amostras de sangue para analise do N-ureico e glicose plasmatico. Os consumos de materia seca (MS), materia orgânica (MO), proteina bruta (PB) e nutrientes digestiveis totais (NDT), expressos em grama por dia (g/dia), porcentagem peso corporal (%PC) e grama por quilo peso metabolico (g/kgPM), nao foram influenciados pela inclusao da torta de dende, enquanto os de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente acido (FDA) e extrato etereo (EE) tiveram efeito linear crescente e os de carboidratos nao fibrosos (CNF), decrescente, com a adicao da torta. A inclusao da torta na alimentacao proporcionou efeito linear decrescente para os coeficientes de digestibilidade de CNF. Nao houve efeito de tratamento sobre os niveis de N-ureico e glicose sanguineos, no entanto, foi observado efeito quadratico decrescente no periodo pos-prandial. Pode-se incluir ate 19,5% da torta de dende na dieta dos cordeiros, sem efeitos nas variaveis estudadas.

COMPORTAMENTO INGESTIVO E PARÂMETROS FISOLÓGICOS DE NOVILHOS ALIMENTADOS COM TORTAS DO BIODIESEL

Com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial de tortas oriundas da producao de biodiesel (dende, amendoim e girassol) em substituicao ao farelo de soja, avaliou-se o comportamento ingestivo e parâmetros fisiologicos de novilhos Holandes x Zebu submetidos a dietas contendo estes subprodutos. Foram utilizados quatro novilhos Holandes x Zebu, fistulados no rumen, mantidos em baias individuais e dispostos em um quadrado latino 4 x 4 repetido no tempo. O experimento teve duracao de 88 dias e os animais foram alimentados com feno de Tifton-85 e mistura concentrada com farelo de soja, tortas de dende, amendoim e girassol, que constituiram os quatro tratamentos. O comportamento ingestivo foi avaliado por observacao e registro dos tempos diarios despendidos com alimentacao, ruminacao e ocio. O comportamento bioclimatologico dos animais foi avaliado por intermedio das seguintes medicoes: frequencia respiratoria (FR), frequencia cardiaca (FC) e temperatura retal (TR). Nao houve diferenca entre as dietas para o tempo despendido tanto na ingestao, como na ruminacao (p>0,05), entretan- to, os animais que consumiram a dieta com torta de dende despenderam mais tempo em ocio (p<0,05). Nos parâmetros fisologicos, ocorreu diferenca apenas para frequencia cardiaca (FC), sendo a dieta sem torta adicional a que proporcionou o maior valor. A substituicao do farelo de soja pela torta de dende oriunda da producao do biodiesel na dieta de novilhos afetou o comportamento ingestivo dos animais.

Componentes corporais de caprinos jovens ¾ Boer submetidos a dietas com óleo de licuri (Syagrus coronata)

The best level of licury oil in the diet was evaluated by meat compounds of male young ¾ Boer goats. Nineteen goats were used, with initial weight of 10.8kg/LW. The animals were fed Tifton-85 hay and concentrated mix with 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5% of licury oil. The experiment lasted 60 days and, on the last day, the animals were submitted to feed fasting and slaughtered, in order to evaluate the characteristics of the live weight components. The body weight at slaughter, carcass weight, commercial yield, freezing yield, loin eye area, muscle-bone ratio, compactness carcass index, biometric measurements, commercial cuts weights, and edible viscera yield were not influenced by the licury oil added to the diet. The edible viscera weight and ham muscularity index were negatively influenced by the oil. Then, it could be added to diet of young ¾ Boer goats up to 4.5% without causing significant changes in the carcass

Comportamento ingestivo e respostas fisiológicas de cabritos alimentados com dietas contendo torta de girassol oriunda da produção de biodiesel

The effect of diets with sunflower cake originated from biodiesel production on the ingestive behavior and physiological responses of 32 crossbred Boer goats, noncastrated, with initial weight of 15.3±3.2 kg and mean age of 135 days was evaluated. A completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 8, 16 and 24% of sunflower cake inclusion) and eight replicates was used. The rumination and idling times and the total chewing time were not affected by diets, but the ingestion time (min/period and min/day) had an increasing linear effect. The rumination and ingestion efficiencies of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber also did not differ among diets. Regarding the physiological responses of animals, the heart and respiratory frequencies and the surface and rectal temperatures were not influenced by diets. Sunflower cake can be included up to 24% DM in diets of crossbred Boer goats without compromising the ingestive behavior and physiological parameter of these animals. Under the climatic conditions evaluated the supply of diets with up to 24% DM of sunflower cake does not mitigate or enhance the heat stress in kids.

Morfometria testicular de cabritos alimentados com óleo de licuri (Syagrus coronata)

A trial was carried out to identify the best level of licury (Syagrus coronata) oil in the diet of goats. Nineteen ¾ Boer male goats at three months of age were kept in individual pens. These animals were submitted to 75 days of confinement. The rations were composed of corn and soybean meal, Tifton 85 chopped hay and levels of licury oil (dry matter base). The animals were arranged in four groups according to the addition of licury oil to the diet: 0.0 (no oil inclusion, n= 5); or addition of 1.5 (n= 5); 3.0 (n= 5); or 4.5% licury oil. The evaluations of mean body weight and testicular biometry were performed weekly. After confinement, animals were slaughtered and the weight of the left and right testicles, left and right epididymal weight; and gonadosomatic index were determined. The addition of licury oil up to 4.5% to the diet of prepuberal male goats has not change the testicular development based on its biometrical and morphometrical parameters. It is suggested that licury oil can be added up to 4.5% to the diet of male goats.

Desempenho produtivo e concentrações de N-ureico em ovinos alimentados com parte aérea da mandioca ensilada com aditivos alternativos

Objetivou-se avaliar a parte aerea da mandioca ensilada in natura, sem e com adicao de 10% de farinha de varredura, farelo de jaca ou bagaco de laranja, na alimentacao de ovinos confinados. Avaliou-se o desempenho produtivo e parâmetro sanguineo, de 28 cordeiros nao castrados, mesticos da raca Santa Ines, pesando inicialmente em media 22,0kg. Foram 14 dias de adaptacao dos animais as dietas e as instalacoes e 56 de coleta de dados. Os consumos (g/animal/dia) de materia seca, materia orgânica, proteina bruta, extrato etereo, fibra insoluvel em detergente neutro (FDN), carboidratos nao fibrosos e FDN corrigido para cinzas e proteina, nao diferiram e apresentaram as seguintes medias: 1466,7; 1448,5; 253,4; 69,8; 498,7; 662,0 e 410,8 respectivamente. A concentracao media (24,8mg/dL) de nitrogenio ureico plasmatico, nao diferiu, mas, o efeito de tempo apos alimentacao apresentou comportamento quadratico, com pico de concentracao, aproximadamente, as 3 horas. O ganho de peso medio (207,5g/dia), a media de peso final (30,1kg PC), o ganho de peso medio total (11,6kg) e a conversao alimentar (7,3kg MS/kg peso ganho) nao foram influenciados pelas dietas. Conclui-se que as silagens de parte aerea da mandioca com ou sem os aditivos alternativos podem ser utilizadas na alimentacao de ovinos. Palavras-chave: Conservacao. Subproduto. Ruminantes. Nutricao.

Desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas mestiças da raça Santa Inês em Brachiaria humidícula e efeito do sexo no ganho de peso de cordeiros

The purpose was to evaluate the reproductive performance of woolless ewes due to the feeding management of offsprings and weaning age in addition to measuring the effect of gender on weight gain of lambs. Sixty-four Santa Ines crossbred ewes were distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 4 x 2 x 2 - four weaning ages (56, 70, 84 and 98 days), sex and feeding management of the offspring, each treatment with four replications. The ewes were managed with the offsprings at the foot in 14 paddocks of 1,5 or 2,0 hectares, formed with Brachiaria humidicola. The offsprings were born by single birth, of Santa Ines pure of origin (PO). After the weaning of all groups, sixty-four lambs (32 males and 32 females) were randomly assigned in individual stalls and confined for 30 days. The comparison of the parameters was carried out by the adjustment of the simple linear regression model. It was verified over time addiction of the offspring feed management of + 3,7% (P<0,05) for the calving intervals and of + 1,4% (P<0,05) for the service period. There was increasing linear effect (P<0,05) of weaning age on calving intervals and service period. It was verified over time, addiction of the offspring sex of + 2,0% (P<0,05) for the calving intervals and + 0,8% (P<0,05) for the ewes service period. It was observed over time addiction of sex of + 35,2% and + 36,9% (P<0,05), respectively, for the daily weight gain of lambs from birth to weaning and post-weaning in feedlot. The supplementation of the offspring in private feeder and the anticipation of the weaning age reduce the calving intervals and the service period of woolless ewes in Brachiaria humidicula pasture. The offspring sex is the source of variation in the analysis of reproductive efficiency of ewes mat rices and in the weight gain of Santa Ines crossbred lambs from birth to weaning, and after weaning.