Ana Laura Sica Cruzeiro

Bem-estar psicológico e adolescência: fatores associados

This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with psychological well-being among adolescents in a southern Brazilian city. A cross-sectional study was performed with a representative sample (n = 960) of adolescents (15-18 years). Eighty-six households were visited in each of the 90 randomized census tracts. Parents signed a written consent form before the adolescent answered a self-reported questionnaire. Psychological well-being was evaluated with a scale containing seven figures representing expressions varying from extreme happiness to extreme sadness. Adolescents were asked to mark the figure that best resembled the way they felt about their lives, and 72.33% reported a high level of psychological well-being. Prevalence of psychological well-being was higher in families with better economic status and higher maternal schooling. Adolescents who practiced a religion, did not smoke or consume alcohol, and wished to lose weight showed a higher level of psychological well-being, suggesting an interrelationship between health behaviors.

Prevalência e fatores associados ao transtorno da conduta entre adolescentes: um estudo de base populacional

This study proposed to estimate the prevalence of behavioral disorders and associated factors in adolescents (11-15 years), using a cross-sectional design (n = 1,145). Subjects answered a self-administered questionnaire. Behavioral disorder was assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The study analyzed disorders in relation to gender, age, socioeconomic status, schooling, failure in school, religion, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol consumption, drug use, depression, and bullying (as victim). Ordinal regression was used for the statistical analysis, with a hierarchical model for the outcome. An estimated 29.2% of the sample presented behavioral disorders. In the multivariate analysis, the odds ratio for a male adolescent to present one additional point on the behavioral disorder scale was 2.04 (95%CI: 1.53-2.71). Alcohol consumption, drug use, and suffering bullying were associated with higher scores on the behavioral disorder scale. The findings also showed that the factors associated with behavioral disorder showed a strong interrelationship between health behaviors in adolescence.

Sexual risk behavior: factors associated to the number of sexual partners and condom use in adolescents

The objective of this article is to evaluate the number of sexual partners in the last twelve months and the use of condom in the last three sexual relations of adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years old. It was a cross-sectional study with 960 adolescents. Two dichotomized variables were considered as risk sexual behaviors: two or more sexual partners in the last twelve months, and occasional use of condom in the last three sexual relations. We assessed whether these behaviors were associated with socioeconomic status, gender, adolescent and parental schooling, age, living with the parents, remunerated work, religiosity, drugs use, tobacco, alcohol consumption, alcoholic beverages consume before the last sexual relation. The Poisson regression was used for each outcome. The adolescent gender, schooling, the use of illicit drugs and tobacco in the last month as well as alcoholic beverages consume before the last sexual relation indicates greater risk of keeping sexual relations with two or more partners in the last 12 months. With regard to the occasional use of condom in the last three sexual relations, females and those whose mothers have low schooling presented increased risk. Our study suggests that there is a strong relation between risky behaviors.

Use of contraceptive methods by sexually active teenagers in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of contraceptive use by adolescents. A cross-sectional study was performed from March to September 2002 in a representative sample of adolescents 15 to 18 years of age in the urban area of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Multiple-stage sampling was used, and in the 448 census tracts located in the urban area, 90 were sampled and households were visited in each tract. Information was collected on sexual initiation and use of contraceptive methods. Chi-square test was used to compare proportions. The sample included 960 adolescents. 88% of subjects reported the use of any contraceptive method. Condoms were the most commonly used method (63.2%). Low adolescent schooling was the only variable associated with increased risk of non-use of contraceptives. Condom use was higher among males, adolescents whose mothers had 9 or more years of schooling, and those reporting several sexual partners in the previous year. Condoms were the most commonly used contraceptive method.

Sintomatologia depressiva em adolescentes iniciais: estudo de base populacional

OBJETIVO: Verificar a prevalencia de sintomatologia depressiva em adolescentes entre 11 e 15 anos em Pelotas, RS, e identificar seus fatores associados. METODOS: Estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra representativa de adolescentes da zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas, RS. Dos 448 setores censitarios existentes no municipio, 79 foram aleatoriamente sorteados. Os jovens entre 11 e 15 anos localizados nestes setores foram convidados a responder o questionario auto-aplicado que continha perguntas sobre: idade, sexo, vida escolar, religiao, atividades fisicas, entretenimento, tabaco, consumo de alcool, uso de outras drogas, relacionamentos sexuais e conduta. Alem disso, a sintomatologia depressiva dos adolescentes foi avaliada por meio da escala Childrens Depression Inventory (CDI), tambem presente no instrumento de pesquisa. Para a analise dos dados foi utilizada a regressao logistica ajustada ao modelo hierarquico. RESULTADOS: A prevalencia de depressao foi de 2,1%. Apos a regressao logistica ajustada ao modelo hierarquico, estiveram significativamente associados a depressao: baixa condicao socioeconomica, historico de fracasso academico, ausencia de pratica religiosa, abuso de alcool nos ultimos 30 dias e indicativo de transtorno de conduta. CONCLUSAO: E evidenciada a necessidade de programas preventivos e integrados de politica na adolescencia para depressao e comportamentos de risco a saude.

Ideação suicida na adolescência: prevalência e fatores associados

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalencia de ideacao suicida, assim como de seus fatores associados, em adolescentes entre 15 e 18 anos da cidade de Pelotas (RS). METODOS: 960 adolescentes responderam a um questionario autoaplicado e sigiloso em estudo transversal de base populacional. A ideacao suicida foi aferida por meio do item 17 do SRQ-20, que avalia transtornos psiquiatricos menores. Para a analise estatistica, utilizou-se a regressao logistica. RESULTADOS: A prevalencia de ideacao suicida foi de 7,7%. A baixa escolaridade da mae, a baixa escolaridade do adolescente, o sedentarismo, o uso de alcool e de outras substâncias e o comportamento agressivo mantiveram associacao estatisticamente significativa com ideacao suicida. CONCLUSAO: Programas preventivos devem preferencialmente atingir adolescentes de baixa escolaridade que apresentem comportamento agressivo e relatem uso de substâncias.

Bullying and associated factors in adolescents aged 11 to 15 years

INTRODUCAO: O bullying entre adolescentes tem sido objeto de varias pesquisas devido aos prejuizos comportamentais que acarreta. Contudo, a literatura brasileira sobre o tema e escassa. OBJETIVO: Avaliar comportamentos de bullying e fatores associados em uma amostra de base populacional de adolescentes vivendo no sul do Brasil. METODO: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, com adolescentes de 11 a 15 anos de idade residentes na cidade de Pelotas, RS, Brasil. RESULTADOS: Um total de 1.145 adolescentes foram selecionados. Os comportamentos e atitudes de bullying mostraram-se associados aos seguintes fatores: faltar aula intencionalmente, reprovar algum ano na escola, usar alcool, cigarro e/ou drogas ilicitas, ter tido relacoes sexuais, portar arma, sofrer algum acidente ou atropelamento e brigar e/ou agredir alguem. CONCLUSAO: O bullying esteve associado com varios comportamentos considerados de risco para a saude fisica e psicologica dos adolescentes.

Risco de suicídio em jovens com transtornos de ansiedade: estudo de base populacional

This study aimed at investigating the relationship between the presence of anxiety disorders and suicide risk in young adults. In a cross-sectional population-based design young adults answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic, behavioral and health characteristics. The measure of psychological well-being was made by Faces Scale of Andrews while the substances use evaluation was performed according to the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 evaluated anxiety disorders and suicide risk. Among the 1.621 young adults interviewed, 20.9% had some anxiety disorders and 8.6% suicide risk. After multivariate analysis, the presence of any anxiety disorder was significantly associated with suicide risk (PR 6.10 95% CI 3.95 to 9.43). Thus, it is highlighted the importance of greater attention to suicide risk in those patients with anxiety disorders.

Suicide risk in young adults with anxiety disorders: population-based study

This study aimed at investigating the relationship between the presence of anxiety disorders and suicide risk in young adults. In a cross-sectional population-based design young adults answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic, behavioral and health characteristics. The measure of psychological well-being was made by Faces Scale of Andrews while the substances use evaluation was performed according to the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 evaluated anxiety disorders and suicide risk. Among the 1.621 young adults interviewed, 20.9% had some anxiety disorders and 8.6% suicide risk. After multivariate analysis, the presence of any anxiety disorder was significantly associated with suicide risk (PR 6.10 95% CI 3.95 to 9.43). Thus, it is highlighted the importance of greater attention to suicide risk in those patients with anxiety disorders.

Riesgo de suicidio en jóvenes con trastornos de ansiedad: estudio de base poblacional

This study aimed at investigating the relationship between the presence of anxiety disorders and suicide risk in young adults. In a cross-sectional population-based design young adults answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic, behavioral and health characteristics. The measure of psychological well-being was made by Faces Scale of Andrews while the substances use evaluation was performed according to the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 evaluated anxiety disorders and suicide risk. Among the 1.621 young adults interviewed, 20.9% had some anxiety disorders and 8.6% suicide risk. After multivariate analysis, the presence of any anxiety disorder was significantly associated with suicide risk (PR 6.10 95% CI 3.95 to 9.43). Thus, it is highlighted the importance of greater attention to suicide risk in those patients with anxiety disorders.