Carlos Arturo Ospina Cruz

“Hacer del hombre, el mejor animal”: en la búsqueda histórica de la normalidad psíquica y social

Se hace una mirada a las ideas de Eusebio Robledo al iniciar el siglo XX, y en el marco de las estrategias de cambio social que se venian impulsando en el campo instruccionista en Antioquia, Colombia. En este contexto, la instruccion desde la educacion primaria, abiertamente declarada para el desempeno laboral, y los discursos que enaltecian el trabajo, operaban como una de las banderas que parecian satisfacer las esperanzas transformadoras de las que tanto se hablaba en el pais, a instancias de la posguerra civil y en las ofertas de las clases politicas.

De maestras, señoritas y otras peripecias pedagógicas. Las mujeres en la historia de la educación en Antioquia 1903-1930

The purpose of this article is to assess the working conditions of female teachers of the instructionist oficial education system in the department of Antioquia, at the beginning of the twentieth century. This relection is based on the information gathered from oficial documents, reports, and some opinion pieces, related to the national education system between 1903 and 1930, a context in which, although women were majority in the educative labor, they had to face a hard struggle to gain participation in pedagogical discussions conceptually addressed by male teachers. By 1903, the 75% of the teacher profession in Antioquia was constituted by women. However, in the local scenarios where methodological, philosophical, and teaching issues related to the instructionist system were discussed, resistance to female participation appeared from different social sectors. This article shows how, despite the fact that women from Antioquia worked actively for the education of children in schools, this was considered irrelevant in allowing their participation in reformist debates.