Cleiton Pagliari Sangali

EQUATIONS TO PREDICT THE METABOLIZABLE ENERGY OF MEAT AND BONE MEAL FOR GROWING PIGS

The prediction of metabolizable energy (ME) of meat and bone meal (MBM) for pigs is an interesting tool, however, used models to predict these values must be validated in order to garantee higher precision. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical and energetic composition of different types of MBM for pigs and to adjust and validate models to better predict the ME based on the chemical composition. Thirty-two barrows, averaging an initial weight of 26.75 ± 1.45 kg, were individually allotted in a randomized block design with eight treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of seven types of MBM that replaced 20% of the basal diet. A stepwise procedure was the statistical procedure used to adjust the prediction equations and the ME was the dependent parameter. The validation of the adjusted models was performed using an independent databank of chemical and energetic composition of theBrazilian and international MBM. The metabolizable energy of different meat and bone meals ranged from 1645 to 2645 kcal kg-1. The equations that provide a good prediction of metabolizable energy of meat and bone meal for swine in Brazil are EM1 = -4233.58 + 0.4134GE + 72CP + 89.62ash - 159.06Ca; EM2 = 2087.49 + 0.3446GE + 31.82ash - 189.18Ca; EM3 = 2140.13 + 0.3845GE - 112.33Ca; EM4 = -346.58 + 0.656GE; EM5 = 3221.27 + 178.96fat - 76.55ash; and EM6 = 5356.45 - 84.75ash.

Efeito do uso de sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo sobre a produção de leite no estado do Paraná

The aim of this study was evaluate the use of adiabatic evaporative cooling system (AECS) of air as an alternative to improve the thermal environment, aiming the milk production (MP) of cows with production levels of 15 and 35 kg day -1 . The climatological data of air temperature and relative humidity used to estimate Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) and MP were collected in the IAPAR (Instituto Agronomico do Parana) meteorological field stations from Parana State. The use of AECS of air provides a significant reduction in the THI values, in all locations and periods of the years, which resulted in improvements in MP. For the East, North and West Regions, from December to February, were observed loss of MP to high producing animals (35 kg day -1 ) however, after simulation using AECS of air, there was an increase in estimated production milk of 6.3%, 9.5% and 9.4%, respectively. The lower efficiency of using AECS for the East Regions can be related to the high values of relative humidity observed, which reduce the efficiency of air AECS. Thus, the most suitable environment conditions provided by AECS justify its use, since observed each local condition, month and animal category.

Utilização de sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo visando à produção de ovos no Estado do Paraná

The aim of this study was evaluate the use of evaporative cooling system (ECS) of air as an alternative to improve the thermal environment, aiming at egg production (EP) of Rhode Island Red laying hens (2.25 kg). The climatological data of air temperature and relative humidity used to estimate Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) and EP were collected in the IAPAR (Instituto Agronomico do Parana) meteorological field stations from Parana State. The use of ECS of air provides a significant reduction in the THI values, in all locations and periods of the years studied. Considering the average values, the THI of 65.99 can be reduced to 62.52 when it cooling the air. The annual EP ranged from 0.748 and 0.784. When utilizing the ECS of air was possible to get EP between 0.779 and 0.792. In North region, the use of ECS of air results in EP of 0.784, compared to 0.739 without cooling. In this way, the ECS of air provided a significant increase in the annual EP, except to South region, where was observed low annual temperature values.