Dermeval Araújo Furtado

Análise do conforto térmico em galpões avícolas com diferentes sistemas de acondicionamento

A base deste trabalho foi a analise da influencia da tipologia e das condicoes de conforto termico ambiental em sete sistemas de acondicionamento de aviarios de frangos de corte, localizados na mesorregiao do Agreste paraibano. Os sistemas foram os seguintes: telha de amianto sem ventilacao artificial; telha de barro sem ventilacao artificial; telha de amianto com ventilacao artificial; telha de barro com ventilacao artificial; telha de amianto com ventilacao artificial e nebulizacao; telha de barro com ventilacao artificial e nebulizacao e telha de amianto com ventilacao artificial e aspersao sobre a cobertura. A avaliacao foi feita com base na temperatura do ar (TA), na umidade relativa (UR), no indice de temperatura de globo negro e umidade (ITGU) e na carga termica de radiacao (CTR) em diferentes horarios, durante o periodo de verao. Constatou-se influencia da tipologia nas condicoes de conforto termico e que em todos os sistemas os indices de conforto variaram ao longo do dia, sendo que a TA, o ITGU e a CTR, apresentaram valores considerados acima do ideal, enquanto a UR ficou dentro da zona de conforto termico.

Efeito do bebedouro e da densidade no desempenho de frangos alojados em alta temperatura

The experiment was undertaken in conditions of average temperature of 27.6 oC and relative humidity of 70.4%, with the objective to evaluate bell (BD) and alternative (ALT) water facility and stocking densities (SD) of 10 and 14 broilers m-2 (SD10 and SD14), on performance of 240 broiler chickens of 12 to 18, 19 to 38 and 39 to 46 days of age, allotted in boxes in a completely randomized design in 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two types of drinking facility and two stocking densities), resulting in four treatments, each one with five replications of ten birds. The ALT was developed based on concept of wide and deep water level (5 cm) permitting not only the beak, but also entire face to be immersed. For the feeding of birds, commercial diets were utilized. The feed intake (FI) decreased, while the feed conversion ratio (FC) improved when the ALT was utilized from 12 to 18 days. There was no effect of drinking facility on FI, weight gain (WG) and FC in the entire period. The SD14 decreased FI and WG from 19 to 38 and from 39 to 46 days of age, and total period, but the FC was not affected. The ALT did not affect the broiler performance and may be used as an option of low cost in comparison with bell water facility. The economic analysis on income relative index basis showed that the ALT and SD14 offer 1 and 5.9% better income return than BD and SD10, respectively.

Caracterização das instalações avícolas na Mesorregião do Agreste Paraibano

In the recent years, the installations destined for poultry production in Brazil have been remarkable due to increased bird density which aim to optimize man power, equipment, transport, technical assistance and over all installations. The objective of the present study was to conduct research on principal typological characteristics of poultry houses in the Agreste region of Paraiba State, Brazil. It was observed that the poultry houses are conceived in small dimensions of length and width with low housing density. The great majority of the sheds are located in the east-west direction, with short distances between poultry houses with concrete floor, roof tap with two slopes, wood covering structure, clay tiles, absence of the opening in the superior part of the roof, low height, small edges and tall wall, besides vegetal cover and other adequate elements of surrounding view. About the equipments, it was observed that the principal source of heating is firewood besides the automatic drinking fountains facilities and manual feeders. Approximately 50% of the sheds have ventilators, but a small percentage of them were associated with nebulization.

Performance of native ewes under feedlot system receiving spineless cactus in diet in Brazilian semiarid region

The experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating the weight gain, intake of nutrients, and the apparent digestibility of diets based on spineless cactus in native ewes in feedlot system in Brazilian semiarid region. Two spineless cactus feeding strategies were evaluated: spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) separated from the Tifton hay + concentrated mixture, and with Tifton hay mixture + concentrate. It was used forty native breed ewes (Barriga Preta, Cara Curta, Cariri and Morada Nova), with average initial body weight of 36.76 kg, distributed in a complete randomized design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme (four breed and two feeding strategies). The genotypes and feeding strategies neutral fiber detergent had effect on the average intake of neutral fiber detergent and total digestible nutrient, and on the coefficients of neutral fiber detergent. Genotypes affect weight gain and food conversion in ewes fed spineless cactus diets since Cariri and Cara curta breeds show greater weight gain.The experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating the weight gain, intake of nutrients, and the apparent digestibility of diets based on spineless cactus in native ewes in feedlot system in Brazilian semiarid region. Two spineless cactus feeding strategies were evaluated: spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) separated from the Tifton hay + concentrated mixture, and with Tifton hay mixture + concentrate. It was used forty native breed ewes (Barriga Preta, Cara Curta, Cariri and Morada Nova), with average initial body weight of 36.76 kg, distributed in a complete randomized design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme (four breed and two feeding strategies). The genotypes and feeding strategies neutral fiber detergent had effect on the average intake of neutral fiber detergent and total digestible nutrient, and on the coefficients of neutral fiber detergent. Genotypes affect weight gain and food conversion in ewes fed spineless cactus diets since Cariri and Cara curta breeds show greater weight gain.

Influence of the climatic environment and duration of labor on the mother-offspring interaction in Morada Nova sheep.

The objective of this study was to confirm the influences of stress from labor and climate on the formation of the mother-offspring bond in Morada Nova sheep in the first 2 h after delivery or at the moment of the first suckling of the newborn. The data were collected from 80 Morada Nova ewes (25 primiparous and 55 multiparous) and their lambs in 2 periods of the year. On the basis of the average length of parturition and the black globe temperature-humidity index (BGTHI) at the time of the birth, the ewes were grouped into 3 classes corresponding to the length of parturition, classified as short (less than 15 min), medium (between 15 and 30 min), or long (more than 30 min). Similarly, the BGTHI at the moment of birth was classified into 1 of 3 ranges: low (less than 65), intermediate (greater than 65 but less than 80), and high (greater than 80). For the characterization of mother-offspring behavior, evaluations were performed in the first 2 h after birth or until the moment of the first suckling of the newborn. Maternal factors such as maternal grooming, facilitating sucking, frequency of low-pitched bleats, and latency to groom were recorded. For the lamb, attempts to seek the udder, the frequency of low-pitched bleats, latency to first reaction, latency to stand, and latency to suckle were recorded. The lambs were slower (P < 0.05) to stand and suckle when they were born in conditions of a BGTHI below 65. The latencies to stand and suckle were greater (P < 0.05) in newborn lambs born during labor that took more than 30 min. For maternal behaviors, activities such as maternal grooming and the facilitation of suckling were greater (P < 0.05) during the time periods with higher bioclimatic index values. Moreover, the dams cleaned or licked (maternal grooming) the newborns for a lower percentage of time (P < 0.05) when the labor lasted longer than 30 min. From the present study, it can be concluded that newborn Morada Nova lambs are slower to stand and suckle when born under BGTHI conditions below 65. Furthermore, prolonged labor harms the mother-offspring bond, especially in terms of the dams ability to clean (maternal grooming) her lambs body and facilitate its first suckling.

Image monitoring on the behavior study of three genetic groups of confined goats

The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of three genetic groups of confined goats by image monitoring using nine unneutered goats of the Azul, Grauna and Moxoto genotypes. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement (genetic groups × periods - morning, afternoon and night), with three replications. Animals were monitored by video cameras placed at the ceiling of each stall for 10 days. There were interaction factors in the frequency of behavioral categories: interaction with the trough, self-cleaning, standing bipedally, social interaction, and other activities. Azul, Grauna and Moxoto native goats kept in the same environment under the same system of containment and feeding show different frequencies and durations in their behaviors, which are influenced by the period of the day.