Edna Gómez Bustamante

Conocimiento sobre VIH-SIDA en estudiantes de secundaria de Cartagena, Colombia

Objective Determining the level of HIV/AIDS knowledge amongst high-students living in Cartagena, Colombia. Method A cross-sectional study was designed using a sample of secondary school students who completed a six-question questionnaire about their knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the myths related to it. Logistic regression was used for adjusting associations. Results A total of 2,625 10- to 20-year-old students participated in the research. A group of 249 (9.5 OR; 8.4-10.6 95 %CI) answered the questionnaire properly.OBJECTIVE Determining the level of HIV/AIDS knowledge amongst high-students living in Cartagena, Colombia. METHOD A cross-sectional study was designed using a sample of secondary school students who completed a six-question questionnaire about their knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the myths related to it. Logistic regression was used for adjusting associations. RESULTS A total of 2,625 10- to 20-year-old students participated in the research. A group of 249 (9.5 OR; 8.4-10.6 95 %CI) answered the questionnaire properly. Being a high-school student (2.62 OR; 4.82-13.29 95 %CI) and studying in a private school (1.32 OR, 1.24 to 3.54 95 %CI), adjusted for age, were associated with having good HIV/AIDS knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Students from secondary schools in Cartagena were seen to have limited knowledge of HIV/AIDS. A higher level of knowledge was observed amongst high school and private school students. More research is needed to strengthen sexual and reproductive health education.Objetivo Determinar el nivel de conocimiento en VIH-SIDA en estudiantes de Cartagena, Colombia. Metodo Se diseno un estudio transversal con una muestra de estudiantes de secundaria que completo el cuestionario de seis preguntas sobre conocimientos y mitos relacionados con VIH-sida. Mediante regresion logistica se ajustaron asociaciones. Resultados Participaron 2 625 estudiantes entre 10 y 20 anos. Un total 249 (9,5% IC95% 8,4-10,6) respondieron en forma correcta el cuestionario. S er estudiante de media vocacional (OR 2,62; IC95 % 4,82-13,29) y estudiar en colegio privado (OR 1,32; IC95 % 1,24-3,54), ajustados por edad, se asociaron a buen conocimiento en VIH-sida. Conclusiones Los estudiantes de secundaria de Cartagena presentan un bajo conocimiento sobre el VIH-sida. El nivel es superior en estudiantes de media vocacional y de colegios privados. Se necesita mas investigacion y fortalecer la formacion en educacion en salud sexual y reproductiva.

Riesgos psicosociales en personal de asistencia de una clínica de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias en 2016

Objective. to determine the psychosocial risks of care personnel in a private third-level clinic in the city of Cartagena de Indias. Method. a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, the study population consisted of fifty-seven workers in the health care area, a battery of instruments was used for the evaluation of psychosocial risk factors designed by the Ministry of Social Protection of Colombia. Results. the average age is 34.2 years, 52% belongs to the technical education level, with a predominance of the female gender. The predominant civil status with 46% is single, 44% live in stratum 2. The majority (74%) of the workers consider that their boss always provides or almost the possibility of having contact with him. Always have good relationship and support from their peers, 61% feel they have no control over the time and amount of work they do. The payment of the salary is not punctual and the workers have very little possibility of promotion and also feel that the company very rarely worries about their well-being. The prevalence of the highest level of risk corresponded to 76% due to an excess of workload, due to a high mental stress requirement of 75% and related to poor control over work by 57%. Workers are exposed to long hours of work, little rest time, tiredness and lack of sleep for nightly hours, poor interaction with the family and constant contact with situations of extreme suffering and pain.

Salud y riesgos laborales por el manejo de sílice en el proceso de sandblasting.

RESUMEN El proceso de limpieza de superficies mediante el impacto de un chorro de particulas abrasivas se conoce como blasting, cuando el abrasivo utilizado es la arena, se llama sandblasting. La arena contiene silice, el cual es el segundo mineral mas abundante en la naturaleza. La silice cristalina al ser inhalada, hace que el tejido pulmonar reaccione desarrollando nodulos fibroticos, los cuales afectan la respiracion disminuyendo su capacidad de oxigenacion. Este tipo de neumoconiosis se conoce como silicosis que puede conllevar a la muerte. El control debe ser permanente y fundamentado en la disminucion del factor de riesgo, como agente clave de la prevencion. En este articulo se hace una revision bibliografica exhaustiva sobre la salud y riesgos ocupacionales por el manejo de silice en el proceso de sandblasting, inicialmente se abordan los usos de la silice en la industria del sandblasting, seguidamente se presenta la exposicion ambiental, ocupacional y los efectos en la salud, ademas de dar a conocer el mecanismo de toxicidad y la normatividad vigente respecto al uso de este quimico, por ultimo se evidencian los retos presentes y futuros para el manejo adecuado y sostenible de la silice en el ambito industrial. Palabras Claves: Silicosis, Toxicidad, Prevencion, Abrasivo, Normatividad