André Luiz Piva

Desenvolvimento inicial de espécies de fisális submetidas a ambientes de cultivo

The environment can be a limiting factor for development of Physalis species seedlings. Thus, the aim of this present study was to evaluate the initial development of Physalis species when subjected to cultivation environments. The experimental design was a randomized block design, factorial 3 x 3 (three Physalis species being Physalis peruviana, P. angulata and P. pubescens x three environments, greenhouse - GRE, plastic cover with 150 micron; shading - PLS, with 75% permeability and light - SHD, full sun, in a fully open - FOP), with four repetitions, conducted between February and May/2012, at the Station of Horticulture and Biological Control “Mario Cesar Lopes”, University of Parana State, Brazil. During the experiment, the emergence speed rate of seedlings was monitored in the initial 30 days. At 76 days after the sowing, leaf area, dry biomass of leaves, stems and roots, as well as the number leaves, plant height and stem diameter were evaluated. The SHD environment provides higher percentage of emergence of Physalis species seedlings studied. GRE and SHD environments were similar to the early Physalis development and can be used in the production of these species seedlings. Is not advisable in the initial development of Physalis seedlings.

Controle da ferrugem e da broca-dos-ramos da figueira com diferentes fungicidas e inseticidas

High temperature and rainfall stimulate the attack of rust (Cerotelium fici(Cast.)) and fig tree borer (Azochis gripusalis(Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)), limiting the commercial production of figs. The objective of this work was to compare the efficiency of alternative fungicides and insecticides with conventional products widely used in agriculture for controlling these pests. Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized block design with four replications in the UniversidadeTecnologica Federal do Parana (Federal Technological University of Parana), DoisVizinhos, Parana State, Brazil. For the rust control, azoxystrobin (10g), bordeaux mixture (1,500 g limestone + 1,500 g copper sulphate) was used in 100 L of water and control (water). For the fig tree borer control, azadirachtin (1,000g mL p.c.), garlic (Allium sativum L.; 100 mL p.c.), ashes (20,000g), nicotine (10,000mL of the preparation), deltamethrin (50mL p.c.), Bacillus thuringiensis Bertiner (100 mL p.c.), rotenone (1,000mL p.c.), coconut soap (1,000g) were used in 100 L of water and water (control). The Bordeaux mixture was the most effective treatment in controlling rust, increasing the productivity and fruit quality. Deltamethrin provided the best controlling for borer branches of the fig tree. Among the evaluated alternative products, garlic was the most effective in controlling such pest.

Poda e raleio manual de tangerineira (Citrus deliciosa Tenore) cv. Montenegrina no Sudoeste do Paraná

O bom calibre e a coloracao adequada dos frutos citricos para consumo in natura sao importantes fatores de qualidade que elevam o seu consumo e melhoram os precos do produto. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes intensidades de raleio manual dos frutos e da poda sobre a producao e qualidade dos frutos da tangerina Montenegrina. O experimento foi realizado em pomar comercial no municipio de Dois Vizinhos, no Sudoeste do Parana. O experimento bifatorial (raleio x poda) constituiu-se dos seguintes tratamentos. 1) sem raleio e sem poda (testemunha); 2) sem raleio, com poda; 3) 33% de raleio, sem poda; 4) 33% de raleio, com poda; 5) 66% de raleio, sem poda; e 6) 66% de raleio, com poda. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos completamente casualizados, com quatro repeticoes, sendo cada unidade experimental constituida por uma planta. Nas condicoes em que o experimento foi realizado, concluiu-se que o raleio nas intensidades de 33 e 66% promove aumento da massa fresca, melhora a cor da epiderme, aumenta o diâmetro e melhora a classificacao comercial dos frutos da tangerina Montenegrina. A poda leve, de abertura e levantamento da base da copa, nao contribui para a melhoria da qualidade dos frutos.