Haydée Serrão Lanzillotti

Osteoporose em mulheres na pós-menopausa, cálcio dietético e outros fatores de risco

O objetivo deste trabalho foi examinar os principais fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento deosteoporose primaria em mulheres na pos-menopausa com osteopenia. Setenta e seis pacientes entre 46 e 85anos foram selecionadas; 56,6% apresentaram diagnostico de osteopenia e 43,4%, de osteoporose, deacordo com o criterio da Organizacao Mundial da Saude. Os fatores de risco foram pesquisados por meio deregistro clinico e questionario de frequencia alimentar. O

The prevalence of disordered eating and possible health consequences in adolescent female tennis players from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of disordered eating and possible health consequences in adolescent female tennis players. This cross-sectional controlled study investigated the pubertal development (Tanner stages); body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry-DXA); dietary intake (food record); presence of disordered eating (EAT-26, BITE and BSQ); menstrual status (questionnaire) and bone mineral density (DXA). The Female Athlete Triad (FAT) was divided into two severity stages. The study included 45 adolescents (24 athletes and 21 controls) at some pubertal developmental stage. The athletes exhibited better body composition profiles. We found that 91.7%, 33.3% and 25% of athletes and 71.4%, 9.5% and 33.3% of controls met criteria for disordered eating and/or low energy availability, menstrual irregularities and low bone mass, respectively. A greater percentage of athletes than controls presented with 1 and 2 FAT components (stage I), and 4.2% presented with the full syndrome. In conclusion, tennis players appear to present with more severe disorders than controls and should be monitored to avoid damage to their performance and health.

Avaliação do estado nutricional de escolares segundo três referências

Objective: To compare the nutritional status of schoolchildren according to three different reference curves. Methods: The weight and height of 181 children aged 5-10 years were obtained from a database for the nutritional surveillance of schoolchildren from Paqueta Island, RJ, Brazil, which had been designed in compliance with recommendations of the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional, Sisvan). Bland-Altman plot and deviation ratios were used to produce profiles of agreement between pairs of nutritional assessment references using body mass index values. Cutoff values of the following standards were used in order to determine the prevalence of overweight and weight and height deficit: Cole, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Conde & Monteiro. Results: The prevalence rates for obesity in girls were similar using the Cole and Conde & Monteiro (3.1%) cutoffs, but the prevalence rate according to the CDC standard was significantly lower (2.0%). For boys, the prevalence of obesity using the Conde & Monteiro cutoff (4.8%) was lower than the rates obtained using the cutoffs suggested by Cole (7.2%) and by the CDC (7.2%). Conclusions: These results suggest that the choice of the Brazilian reference curve (Conde & Monteiro) does not impair the comparison with other international standards, particularly for obesity in male schoolchildren.

Educação Nutricional como forma de intervenção: avaliação de uma proposta para pré-escolares

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar uma proposta de educacao nutricional para pre-escolares em uma creche comunitaria. Tal proposta foi formulada a partir de um inquerito dietetico, realizado em julho de 1994, que apontou baixa ingestao de calorias, calcio e ferro por parte das criancas matriculadas na Creche Effata, localizada no suburbio do municipio do Rio de Janeiro. Esta intervencao teve um ano de duracao e tem sua estrategia descrita neste trabalho. Para avaliacao da proposta foram utilizados dois metodos: um qualitativo e outro quantitativo. O metodo qualitativo empregado foi a pesquisa participante, analisando-se tres categorias: funcionarios da creche, responsaveis pelas criancas e criancas. Para a analise quantitativa optou-se pelo inquerito dietetico por pesagem direta de alimentos, comparando-se os resultados com as recomendacoes da Food Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization. Apesar do tratamento estatistico nao mostrar significância na elevacao da ingestao dos nutrientes, do ponto de vista educacional, a quantidade consumida e uma questao secundaria quando se esta trabalhando com formacao de atitudes.

Estado nutricional de pré-escolares de creche pública: um estudo longitudinal

The aim of the study was to monitor the nutritional status of preschool of public day care center. It is a longitudinal study, before (t0) and after (t1), with 51 children from 2 to 4 years old. The procedure were: anthropometric evaluation (W/A, W/H and H/A - OMS 2006 - SISVANs, 2008 Classification), blood exams (Total Cholesterol, HDLc, LDLc, triglycerides and glucose), hematological evaluation (hemoglobin) and dietetic evaluation (direct weighing food and dietary register). To calculate energy, carbohydrates, fat, fiber, calcium, iron, A and C vitamins, was used software Diet Pro, 4.0. An adequate Index was calculated (AI=consumer medium/ EAR ou AI) to evaluate de adequacy of food consumer. The nutrition acts were: day care center menus modification, pedagogic activities, culinary offices, and discussion with parents and school team. We could observe a reduction in prevalence of nutritional deficit H/A and W/A, reduction on prevalence of anemia, increases on consumer of: energy, carbohydrates, protein, A and C vitamins, iron and decrease on consumer of calcium were observed. Energy, iron, calcium and C vitamin showed a probability of adequacy ≥50%. Inadequacy of fats consume was observed in both moments. We conclude that monitor the status nutritional of preschool children attending in public day care centers is important as well the education nutrition actions.

Análise comparativa do estado nutricional de pré-escolares

OBJECTIVE: To compare the nutritional assessment of preschool children according to Brazilian (Conde and Monteiro, 2006) and international guidelines (Centers for Disease Control - CDC, 2000, and World Health Organization - OMS, 2006). METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 312 preschool children attending day care centers in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Assessment of nutritional status was based on anthropometry done by the standard technique. The diagnosis of nutritional status according to CDC and WHO was based on the weight-for-age, weight-for-height and height-for-age indexes, considering underweight, overweight and obesity measures 85th percentile and >97th percentile, respectively. The classification of nutritional status based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) used the cut-off points established by Conde and Monteiro. The statistical analysis used Friedmam and chi-square tests, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: No differences were noted between preschool genders when comparing the BMI criteria and the weight/height index of CDC and WHO criteria. Regarding the weight/age index, no differences were observed for both girls and boys with the CDC and WHO criteria. However, there were differences when these criteria were compared for height/age index for boys (chi-square, p=0.0026). CONCLUSIONS: Criteria used for the nutritional assessment of preschool children do not differ significantly among themselves, except for the height/age index for boys.

Validação de um questionário de atitude em relação à soja e seus derivados com clientes da alimentação coletiva

OBJETIVO: Validar um questionario para verificar a atitude de clientes da Alimentacao Coletiva em relacao a soja e seus derivados. METODOS: A elaboracao do questionario valeu-se de escala de Likert de cinco pontos. As validacoes foram realizadas com clientes de duas unidades de alimentacao e nutricao, da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, sendo a primeira uma empresa grafica e a segunda uma empresa de confeccoes. A validacao interna valeu-se do coeficiente de Cronbach para medir confiabilidade. Aplicou-se o teste de normalidade as matrizes de escores para cada item. A constatacao do comportamento dos escores nao Gausiano indicou utilizacao da correlacao de Spearman (r) para discriminar itens. Como criterio de exclusao foi definido r negativo ou proximo de zero. A validacao externa foi realizada entre o confronto das matrizes representadas pelas medias dos escores de cada item. Utilizou-se a razao dos desvios-padrao para avaliar a concordância relativa, considerando-se a associacao entre as matrizes resultantes da aplicacao do questionario nas duas unidades de alimentacao e nutricao. RESULTADOS: Participaram da validacao 45 e 90 clientes das duas unidades de alimentacao e nutricao, respectivamente. O procedimento aplicado na unidade de alimentacao e nutricao da empresa grafica indicou a retirada de 3 itens dentre os 20 itens originais. O questionario resultante foi replicado na unidade de alimentacao e nutricao da empresa de confeccao, sem indicacao de exclusao de itens. O coeficiente de Cronbach foi 0,92 e 0,91, respectivamente, indicando confiabilidade do instrumento para medir atitude. O confronto entre os escores para cada item entre as unidades gerou a razao de desvio 0,99, que recomenda retirada do item seis, relativo a rotulagem, ou seja, se as informacoes sao suficientemente claras em relacao a soja. CONCLUSAO: O questionario foi validado, tornando-se um instrumento capaz de informar sobre a atitude de clientes da alimentacao coletiva em relacao a soja e seus derivados.

Reproducibility study of the meal quality index

Objective: The aims of this study were to replicate the Meals Quality Index (MQI) and to analyze the reproducibility of two indices (MQI-5 and MQI-10) to mea...

Body Composition and Basal Metabolic Rate in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine which of the seven selected equations used to predict basal metabolic rate most accurately estimated the measured basal metabolic rate. Methods. Twenty-eight adult women with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were measured as well as body composition (by absorptiometry dual X-ray emission) and basal metabolic rate (by indirect calorimetry); basal metabolic rate was also estimated by prediction equations. Results. There was a significant difference between the measured and the estimated basal metabolic rate determined by the FAO/WHO/UNU (P value < 0.021) and Huang et al. (P value ≤ 0.005) equations. Conclusion. The calculations using Owen et als. equation were the closest to the measured basal metabolic rate.

Attitudes of Foodservice Users in Relation to Soybean and its Derivativesin Brazil

The attitudes of Foodservice users towards soybeans and their derivatives were investigated. A Likert scale questionnaire was created based on the proposal by Behrens & Da Silva. Statistical analyses included position and dispersion measures, frequency distribution, normality test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha (α=0.96). The questionnaire was answered by 89 workers from the steel industry. The results revealed that soybean consumers do not read labels to identify its presence. When asked about soybean’s nutritional quality, respondents recognized that it has a high protein quantity and that it is a functional food as a hormonal substitute in menopause and a regulator of intestine functions, but they did not recognize its role in bone tissue formation. Because they were unaware of issues related to genetically modified foods, they did not have a formed opinion. It was concluded that Foodservice users from the steel industry are unaware of critical facts that determine the purchase of soybean and its derivatives.