Isabelle Pimentel Gomes

Criança em idade escolar hospitalizada: significado da condição crônica

This study aimed to better understand the meaning of chronic disease for school-age children. It involves qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research. The field-research was performed in a pediatric clinic of a University Hospital in Brazil. Seven pediatric inpatients in the aforementioned institution with chronic illness, aged seven to twelve years of age participated in the study. The data was collected via semi-structured interviews and followed thematic interpretation principles. The results showed that these children experience chronic disease as something which imposes limitations and difficulties on their daily lives. However, there have been reports of children showing the understanding of disease as something normal, evidencing that they don ́t know what it is to live without experiencing the illness. The chronic illness leads the child to try to understand the situation and to cooperate with the treatment. It may promote the development of onerous feelings like fear, shame, sadness, and doubts concerning the past, present, and future. DESCRIPTORS: Chronic disease. Child hospitalized. Pediatric nursing. LOS NIÑOS EN EDAD ESCOLAR HOSPITALIZADOS: EL SIGNIFICADO DE LA CONDICIÓN CRÓNICA RESUMEN: El objetivo del presente artículo es comprender el significado de la enfermedad crónica para los niños en edad escolar. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, exploratoria y descriptiva, desarrollada en la Clínica Pediátrica de un Hospital Universitario. Los participantes fueron siete niños con enfermedades crónicas, de siete a doce años de edad. Los datos se recolectaron a través de entrevista semi-estructurada, según los principios del análisis temático. Los resultados revelaron que los niños sienten la enfermedad crónica como algo que impone limitaciones y dificultades en su vida diaria. Hubo informes de niños que mostraron comprensión de la enfermedad como algo normal, demostrando que no saben cómo vivir sin la enfermedad. La enfermedad crónica lleva al niño a esforzarse por tratar de comprender la situación y cooperar con el tratamiento, y puede promover el desarrollo de sentimientos, tales como: miedo, vergüenza, dolor y preguntas sobre el pasado, presente y futuro. DESCRIPTORES: Enfermedad crónica. Niño hospitalizado. Enfermería pediátricaThis study aimed to better understand the meaning of chronic disease for school-age children. It involves qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research. The field-research was performed in a pediatric clinic of a University Hospital in Brazil. Seven pediatric inpatients in the aforementioned institution with chronic illness, aged seven to twelve years of age participated in the study. The data was collected via semi-structured interviews and followed thematic interpretation principles. The results showed that these children experience chronic disease as something which imposes limitations and difficulties on their daily lives. However, there have been reports of children showing the understanding of disease as something normal, evidencing that they dont know what it is to live without experiencing the illness. The chronic illness leads the child to try to understand the situation and to cooperate with the treatment. It may promote the development of onerous feelings like fear, shame, sadness, and doubts concerning the past, present, and future. DESCRIPTORS: Chronic disease. Child hospitalized. Pediatric nursing.

Enfrentamento do adolescente em condição crônica: importância da rede social

This study aimed at investigating the influence of social network on adolescent coping with chronic conditions. Qualitative research whose subjects were hospitalized adolescents who had a diagnosis of chronic disease for at least one year. Data were collected through semi-structured interview and depositions were submitted to thematical analyses. This research highlights that the chronic condition in adolescence brings substantial effects on their lives. Friends, teachers and health professionals are part of the social network. To promote autonomy it is necessary to include adolescents in care planning and to have a social network that supports them in various demands in different stages of illness.

Do diagnóstico à sobrevivência do câncer infantil: perspectiva de crianças

the study aimed to investigate the process from diagnosis to survival of cancer from the childs perspective. This study is exploratory with qualitative analysis of the data, based on an adaptation of story-board narrative research and use of thematic interpretation. A precocious maturity was revealed, through the childrens understanding regarding the diagnosis, of the different phases of the treatment, and coping with the difficulties of co-existing with classmates and re-adapting to school after the end of treatment. The use of strategies to help the children to adopt attitudes which minimize and/or prevent the distress related to cancer is a role of the health team, considering as care not only clinical protocols but also criteria relevant to the existential dimension. DESCRIPTORS: Oncologic nursing. Pediatric nursing. Chronic disease. Child. Drug therapy.

Concepção dos enfermeiros acerca da capacitação no cuidado à criança com câncer

Objetivou-se identificar a concepcao dos enfermeiros que trabalham com oncologia pediatrica acerca de como a capacitacao e a busca pelo conhecimento influenciam a atuacao profissional nessa area. Pesquisa qualitativa, exploratoria, com tecnica de entrevista semi-estruturada aplicada a seis enfermeiras. Os dados foram submetidos a analise tematica a qual convergiu para a seguinte categoria: subsidios que influenciam a producao do cuidado do enfermeiro na oncologia pediatrica. Os resultados ressaltam que a atuacao em oncologia pediatrica exige profissionais com responsabilidade, compromisso, preparo adequado e sensibilidade para cuidar da crianca. A producao do cuidado tem se fundamentado na vivencia dos enfermeiros e na busca individual de conhecimento, demonstrando as dificuldades enfrentadas no processo formativo e a importância da capacitacao profissional. Acredita-se que tais achados possam subsidiar a formacao de enfermeiros com uma perspectiva problematizadora e capazes de promover uma atencao integral, humanizada e resolutiva para as criancas com diagnostico de câncer.

Repercussões do câncer infantil para o cuidador familiar: revisão integrativa

This is an integrative review that aimed to identify the repercussions of childhood cancer for the family caregiver. The research was done in the databases LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Adolec and Cochrane, searching articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish; published between 2005 and 2010; using the descriptors: caregivers, children, cancer and nursing. Eighteen articles was found. Through the analysis four themes were identified: feelings experienced by family caregivers; physical repercussions and psychological distress of family caregivers; financial impact of childhood cancer in the caregivers life, and need for social support to family caregivers. It was concluded that the damage to the caregivers life can weaken the relationship between child/caregiver, determining the need of effective performance of the health team to offer support, guidance and monitoring.Trata-se de uma revisao integrativa da literatura com o objetivo de identificar as repercussoes do câncer infantil para o cuidador familiar. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Adolec e Cochrane, buscando-se artigos em portugues, ingles e espanhol, publicados entre 2005 e 2010, usando os descritores: cuidadores, crianca, câncer e enfermagem. Foram obtidos dezoito artigos. A analise das publicacoes selecionadas permitiu a identificacao de quatro categorias tematicas: sentimentos vivenciados pelo cuidador familiar; repercussoes fisicas e psicologicas do sofrimento do cuidador familiar; Impacto financeiro do câncer infantil na vida do cuidador e necessidade de apoio social ao cuidador familiar. Conclui-se que os prejuizos a vida do cuidador podem fragilizar a relacao crianca/cuidador necessitando efetiva atuacao da equipe de saude no intuito de oferecer suporte, acompanhamento e orientacao.

Estratégias de prevenção para câncer de testículo e pênis: revisão integrativa

Testicular and penile cancers are genital disorders that affect a small part of population, but are generally aggressive mainly because of the dramatic psychological effect they impose over patients. The purpose of this study was to identify evidence concerning preventing strategies for the referred types of cancer. An integrative literature review was performed on the COCHRANE, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF and CINAHL databases using the following controlled descriptors: health promotion, risk factors, primary prevention, and urogenital neoplasms; and uncontrolled descriptors: prevention, penile cancer, testicle cancer. The studies were unanimous in concluding that self-examination of testicles is the best way to identify a possible event of testicular cancer. Circumcision, prevention for sexual transmission diseases and adequate hygiene were the most important manners for penile cancer prevention. Nurses should assume the role for general and specific health promotion, considering the major impact it would have for prevention of diseases, especially for the urogenital cancers studied in this review.Cânceres de testiculo e penis sao doencas que acometem pequena parcela da populacao, mas geralmente sao agressivas principalmente pelo impacto psicologico que exercem sobre os pacientes. Este estudo buscou identificar evidencias de estrategias preventivas para tais cânceres. Foi realizada revisao integrativa de literatura, nas bases de dados Biblioteca COCHRANE, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e CINAHL, utilizando os descritores controlados: promocao da saude, fatores de risco, prevencao primaria e neoplasias urogenitais; e os nao controlados: prevencao, câncer de penis, câncer de testiculo. Os estudos foram unânimes ao identificar, para o câncer de testiculo, o autoexame do orgao; para o câncer de penis, evidenciou-se a circuncisao como fator protetor, a prevencao de infeccao sexualmente transmissivel e a adequada higiene intima. Os enfermeiros devem assumir a funcao de promotor da saude, tendo em vista a importância dessa atitude frente a prevencao de doencas.

Prevention strategies for testicular and penile cancer: an integrative review

Testicular and penile cancers are genital disorders that affect a small part of population, but are generally aggressive mainly because of the dramatic psychological effect they impose over patients. The purpose of this study was to identify evidence concerning preventing strategies for the referred types of cancer. An integrative literature review was performed on the COCHRANE, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF and CINAHL databases using the following controlled descriptors: health promotion, risk factors, primary prevention, and urogenital neoplasms; and uncontrolled descriptors: prevention, penile cancer, testicle cancer. The studies were unanimous in concluding that self-examination of testicles is the best way to identify a possible event of testicular cancer. Circumcision, prevention for sexual transmission diseases and adequate hygiene were the most important manners for penile cancer prevention. Nurses should assume the role for general and specific health promotion, considering the major impact it would have for prevention of diseases, especially for the urogenital cancers studied in this review.Cânceres de testiculo e penis sao doencas que acometem pequena parcela da populacao, mas geralmente sao agressivas principalmente pelo impacto psicologico que exercem sobre os pacientes. Este estudo buscou identificar evidencias de estrategias preventivas para tais cânceres. Foi realizada revisao integrativa de literatura, nas bases de dados Biblioteca COCHRANE, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e CINAHL, utilizando os descritores controlados: promocao da saude, fatores de risco, prevencao primaria e neoplasias urogenitais; e os nao controlados: prevencao, câncer de penis, câncer de testiculo. Os estudos foram unânimes ao identificar, para o câncer de testiculo, o autoexame do orgao; para o câncer de penis, evidenciou-se a circuncisao como fator protetor, a prevencao de infeccao sexualmente transmissivel e a adequada higiene intima. Os enfermeiros devem assumir a funcao de promotor da saude, tendo em vista a importância dessa atitude frente a prevencao de doencas.

Non Pharmacological Interventions for Chemotherapy Induced Nauseas and Vomits: integrative review

Nausea and vomiting are one of the most common gastrointestinal toxicities of antineoplastic treatment; it may affect negatively patient`s nutritional condition, hidroeletrolitic balance and quality of life. This study aimed to identify evidences in medical literature regarding non-pharmacologic interventions to prevent and treat chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. We performed an integrative review on online databases for that purpose. We elected 9 articles from this research, which presented the following possible non-pharmacological interventions for chemotherapy emesis: accupressure, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, relaxing techniques and yoga. The authors concluded that the results suggested that these interventions should be recommended for cancer patients, mainly those presenting chemotherapy emesis in consecutive cycles.

[Impact of childhood cancer for family caregivers: integrative review].

This is an integrative review that aimed to identify the repercussions of childhood cancer for the family caregiver. The research was done in the databases LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Adolec and Cochrane, searching articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish; published between 2005 and 2010; using the descriptors: caregivers, children, cancer and nursing. Eighteen articles was found. Through the analysis four themes were identified: feelings experienced by family caregivers; physical repercussions and psychological distress of family caregivers; financial impact of childhood cancer in the caregivers life, and need for social support to family caregivers. It was concluded that the damage to the caregivers life can weaken the relationship between child/caregiver, determining the need of effective performance of the health team to offer support, guidance and monitoring.Trata-se de uma revisao integrativa da literatura com o objetivo de identificar as repercussoes do câncer infantil para o cuidador familiar. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Adolec e Cochrane, buscando-se artigos em portugues, ingles e espanhol, publicados entre 2005 e 2010, usando os descritores: cuidadores, crianca, câncer e enfermagem. Foram obtidos dezoito artigos. A analise das publicacoes selecionadas permitiu a identificacao de quatro categorias tematicas: sentimentos vivenciados pelo cuidador familiar; repercussoes fisicas e psicologicas do sofrimento do cuidador familiar; Impacto financeiro do câncer infantil na vida do cuidador e necessidade de apoio social ao cuidador familiar. Conclui-se que os prejuizos a vida do cuidador podem fragilizar a relacao crianca/cuidador necessitando efetiva atuacao da equipe de saude no intuito de oferecer suporte, acompanhamento e orientacao.

A presença de familiares na sala de quimioterapia pediátrica

El objetivo fue analizar las necesidades del familiar acompanante en la sala de quimioterapia desde el punto de vista de los ninos en tratamiento. Estudio cualitativo. Se utilizo la tecnica de lo diseno estoria con tema para recoletar datos con siete ninos con cancer. El analisis se realizo mediante una interpretacion tematica. Para los ninos las necesidades de la familia son: estimulo a lo intercambio entre los miembros de la familia como los cuidadores del nino; orientacion y capacitacion para los diferentes miembros de la familia que acompanan a los ninos; comodidad para la familia a permanecer con el nino; autonomia de la familia; cuidado de lo hermano sano; medio ambiente proporciona la aproximacion entre los padres divorciados. Es esencial ampliar el foco de atencion del equipo de enfermeria limitada a los ninos con cancer para la familia.The purpose was to analyze the needs of the family companion that follows the child in the chemotherapy unit from the standpoint of the child in treatment. It was a qualitative study. We used the adaptation of drawing-story with themes for the production of empirical data from seven children with cancer. The analysis was done using a thematic interpretation. For children, the family needs are: to incentive to change among family members as caregivers of the child; counseling and training for all family members who accompany the children; comfort for the family to remain with the child; autonomy for the family; take care the healthy sibling; environment that provides closeness between unmarried parents to support the child in treatment. It is essential to expand the focus of care restricted to children with cancer, broadening also the attention of nursings team to family.