Paula Elaine Diniz dos Reis

Nossa vida após o câncer de mama: percepções e repercussões sob o olhar do casal

This is a qualitative study, conducted at a Clinic of Mastology of a public hospital of the Federal District, which aimed to know the impact of breast cancer in the lives of couples, women submitted to mastectomy and their partners. The sample consisted of three couples, five women submitted to mastectomy and three partners. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, which gave rise to two broad categories: Perceptions about breast cancer and Consequences in everyday life. The diagnosis of cancer is received as a traumatic one, bringing feelings of mutilation, dependence, prejudice and loss of femininity. One conclude that significant changes occur in married life and that mutual support is needed to better cope with the disease, followed by the necessary family support.This is a qualitative study, conducted at a Clinic of Mastology of a public hospital of the Federal District, which aimed to know the impact of breast cancer in the lives of couples, women submitted to mastectomy and their partners. The sample consisted of three couples, five women submitted to mastectomy and three partners. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, which gave rise to two broad categories: Perceptions about breast cancer and Consequences in everyday life. The diagnosis of cancer is received as a traumatic one, bringing feelings of mutilation, dependence, prejudice and loss of femininity. One conclude that significant changes occur in married life and that mutual support is needed to better cope with the disease, followed by the necessary family support.

Pharmacological interventions to treat phlebitis: systematic review.

This study presents a systematic review for evaluating effective pharmacological actions for the treatment of phlebitis stemming from infusion therapy. The studies reviewed were categorized according to the type of therapeutic approach proposed by the author and by the level of evidence presented. The review found that topical nitroglycerin and notoginseny were more effective in the reduction of the inflammatory process when compared with other proposed alternatives. Nevertheless, the development of research related to possible alternatives for the treatment of phlebitis is important.

Estratégias de prevenção para câncer de testículo e pênis: revisão integrativa

Testicular and penile cancers are genital disorders that affect a small part of population, but are generally aggressive mainly because of the dramatic psychological effect they impose over patients. The purpose of this study was to identify evidence concerning preventing strategies for the referred types of cancer. An integrative literature review was performed on the COCHRANE, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF and CINAHL databases using the following controlled descriptors: health promotion, risk factors, primary prevention, and urogenital neoplasms; and uncontrolled descriptors: prevention, penile cancer, testicle cancer. The studies were unanimous in concluding that self-examination of testicles is the best way to identify a possible event of testicular cancer. Circumcision, prevention for sexual transmission diseases and adequate hygiene were the most important manners for penile cancer prevention. Nurses should assume the role for general and specific health promotion, considering the major impact it would have for prevention of diseases, especially for the urogenital cancers studied in this review.Cânceres de testiculo e penis sao doencas que acometem pequena parcela da populacao, mas geralmente sao agressivas principalmente pelo impacto psicologico que exercem sobre os pacientes. Este estudo buscou identificar evidencias de estrategias preventivas para tais cânceres. Foi realizada revisao integrativa de literatura, nas bases de dados Biblioteca COCHRANE, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e CINAHL, utilizando os descritores controlados: promocao da saude, fatores de risco, prevencao primaria e neoplasias urogenitais; e os nao controlados: prevencao, câncer de penis, câncer de testiculo. Os estudos foram unânimes ao identificar, para o câncer de testiculo, o autoexame do orgao; para o câncer de penis, evidenciou-se a circuncisao como fator protetor, a prevencao de infeccao sexualmente transmissivel e a adequada higiene intima. Os enfermeiros devem assumir a funcao de promotor da saude, tendo em vista a importância dessa atitude frente a prevencao de doencas.

Prevention strategies for testicular and penile cancer: an integrative review

Testicular and penile cancers are genital disorders that affect a small part of population, but are generally aggressive mainly because of the dramatic psychological effect they impose over patients. The purpose of this study was to identify evidence concerning preventing strategies for the referred types of cancer. An integrative literature review was performed on the COCHRANE, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF and CINAHL databases using the following controlled descriptors: health promotion, risk factors, primary prevention, and urogenital neoplasms; and uncontrolled descriptors: prevention, penile cancer, testicle cancer. The studies were unanimous in concluding that self-examination of testicles is the best way to identify a possible event of testicular cancer. Circumcision, prevention for sexual transmission diseases and adequate hygiene were the most important manners for penile cancer prevention. Nurses should assume the role for general and specific health promotion, considering the major impact it would have for prevention of diseases, especially for the urogenital cancers studied in this review.Cânceres de testiculo e penis sao doencas que acometem pequena parcela da populacao, mas geralmente sao agressivas principalmente pelo impacto psicologico que exercem sobre os pacientes. Este estudo buscou identificar evidencias de estrategias preventivas para tais cânceres. Foi realizada revisao integrativa de literatura, nas bases de dados Biblioteca COCHRANE, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e CINAHL, utilizando os descritores controlados: promocao da saude, fatores de risco, prevencao primaria e neoplasias urogenitais; e os nao controlados: prevencao, câncer de penis, câncer de testiculo. Os estudos foram unânimes ao identificar, para o câncer de testiculo, o autoexame do orgao; para o câncer de penis, evidenciou-se a circuncisao como fator protetor, a prevencao de infeccao sexualmente transmissivel e a adequada higiene intima. Os enfermeiros devem assumir a funcao de promotor da saude, tendo em vista a importância dessa atitude frente a prevencao de doencas.

Motivo de retirada do cateter de Hickman em pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas

Objective: To identify rationale for removal of the first Hickman catheter implanted in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the micro-organisms involved in the occurrence of infection, and the length of time the catheter was in situ. Methods: A cross sectional, retrospective study was conducted. The sample consisted of 57 transplant recipients. To conduct chart review, an instrument was developed containing variables related to patient identification, time of catheter use, reason for withdrawal, and isolated micro-organisms. Results: Among the reasons for catheter removal, frequent infection (49%) was the most common; the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia microorganism (25%) was the most frequently isolated. Conclusions: Due to the high incidence of infectious complications leading to Hickman catheter removal, it is essential to standardize catheter care for the health care team, patients and their caregivers.

Non Pharmacological Interventions for Chemotherapy Induced Nauseas and Vomits: integrative review

Nausea and vomiting are one of the most common gastrointestinal toxicities of antineoplastic treatment; it may affect negatively patient`s nutritional condition, hidroeletrolitic balance and quality of life. This study aimed to identify evidences in medical literature regarding non-pharmacologic interventions to prevent and treat chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. We performed an integrative review on online databases for that purpose. We elected 9 articles from this research, which presented the following possible non-pharmacological interventions for chemotherapy emesis: accupressure, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, relaxing techniques and yoga. The authors concluded that the results suggested that these interventions should be recommended for cancer patients, mainly those presenting chemotherapy emesis in consecutive cycles.

Prophylaxis for mucositis induced by ambulatory chemotherapy: systematic review

AIM The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of clinical trials covering interventions used as prophylaxis for oral mucositis induced by ambulatory antineoplastic chemotherapy. BACKGROUND Oral mucositis in patients undergoing chemotherapy is a side effect that can impact the quality of treatment and can interfere with eating and therapeutic adherence. DESIGN Quantitative systematic review. DATA SOURCES Relevant databases were searched, from January 2002-July 2013, by using the combination of the keywords mucositis, stomatitis, neoplasms, antineoplastic agents, drug therapy, prevention and control and chemotherapy. REVIEW METHODS Two researchers independently read the titles and abstracts from every cross-reference. The quality of the included studies was analysed by the Jadad Scale and the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. Data were extracted from the selected studies with a data collection form developed specifically for this purpose. RESULTS Of the 23 controlled clinical trials that were identified in this study, five articles evaluated the use of oral cryotherapy to prevent oral mucositis and three studies analysed the prophylactic use of glutamine. Interventions of protocols for oral care, palifermin, allopurinol and chlorhexidine were evaluated by two articles each. Interventions of zinc sulphate, amifostine, chewing gum, sucralfate, recombination human intestinal trefoil factor, kefir and vitamin E were evaluated by one article each. CONCLUSION There is strong evidence that cryotherapy can prevent oral mucositis arising from ambulatory treatment with 5-flurouracil chemotherapy. Other interventions, although showing positive results in preventing oral mucositis, require further study to confirm their conclusions.

Topical interventions to prevent acute radiation dermatitis in head and neck cancer patients: a systematic review

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological topical controls in the prevention of radiation dermatitis.MethodsRelevant clinical trials were identified through electronic searching databases CINAHL, CENTRAL, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Handsearching and gray literature searches were also performed to find additional references. Primary outcomes of interest were the development of radiation dermatitis and the time of occurrence of radiation dermatitis.ResultsThirteen randomized clinical trials were included in this review. The trials were published in Chinese, English, or French, from 1980 to 2015. Pharmacological interventions used in the trials were trolamine, aloe vera, allantoin, Lianbai liquid, sucralfate, Na-sucrose octasulfate, olive oil, hialuronic acid, and dexpanthenol. Non-pharmacological topical controls were usual care/institution routine, aqueous cream, mild soap, water thermal gel, placebo, and no intervention.ConclusionsThere was no strong evidence that indicates differences between topical pharmacological interventions or non-pharmacological topical controls in the prevention of acute radiation dermatitis among patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy.

Teoria de Tornar-se Humano na enfermagem ecológica: aplicando o método de avaliação de Meleis

The objective was to conduct a reflection on the Theory of Human Becoming Rosemarie Rizzo Parse, as well as designing a theoretical framework applied to the process of caring in nursing ecological. It is a research and interpretative critical reflection, which used the evaluation method proposed by Meleis, restricted to the stage of description, which considers the identification of structural and functional components. This strategy allowed us to subsidize the reflection of the interpretive theory of Becoming Human Ecology in the context of nursing. Thus, it was possible to direct attention to the meanings of health and quality of life of the individual, the prioritization of values and nursing care in the area of ecology. DESCRIPTORS: Nursing theory. Occupational health nursing. Environmental health. Nursing.El objetivo fue llevar a cabo una reflexion sobre la Teoria de Convertirse Humano de Rosemarie Rizzo Parse, asi como el diseno de un marco teorico aplicado al proceso de cuidar en enfermeria ecologica. Es una reflexion critica interpretativa, en que se utilizo el metodo de evaluacion propuesto por Meleis, limitada a la etapa de descripcion, que considera la identificacion de los componentes estructurales y funcionales. Esta estrategia nos ha permitido subsidiar el reflejo de la teoria interpretativa de convertirse Humano en el contexto de la enfermeria ecologica. Por lo tanto, ha sido posible dirigir la atencion a los significados de la salud y la calidad de vida de la persona, para la priorizacion de los valores y los cuidados de enfermeria en el area de ecologia.The objective was to conduct a reflection on the Theory of Human Becoming Rosemarie Rizzo Parse, as well as designing a theoretical framework applied to the process of caring in nursing ecological. It is a research and interpretative critical reflection, which used the evaluation method proposed by Meleis, restricted to the stage of description, which considers the identification of structural and functional components. This strategy allowed us to subsidize the reflection of the interpretive theory of Becoming Human Ecology in the context of nursing. Thus, it was possible to direct attention to the meanings of health and quality of life of the individual, the prioritization of values and nursing care in the area of ecology.

Clinical application of Chamomilla recutita in phlebitis: dose response curve study

Neste estudo, buscou-se realizar o controle de qualidade da amostra de Chamomilla recutita, bem como estimar a dose ideal, para efeito anti-inflamatorio, do infuso dos seus capitulos florais, em pacientes com flebite, decorrente de infusao intravenosa periferica de quimioterapia antineoplasica, e avaliar a toxicidade desse infuso em seres humanos. Trata-se de estudo experimental, do tipo curva dose-resposta, no qual foi analisada e comparada a eficacia terapeutica, quanto ao potencial anti-inflamatorio, de diferentes doses do infuso da Chamomilla recutita, em 25 pacientes. O tempo de regressao da flebite foi menor para os grupos com concentracao 2,5% (media=29,2h, desvio padrao=8,98) e 5% (media=38,8h, desvio padrao=17,47) e praticamente nao se observou toxicidade local. Esta pesquisa contribui para a inovacao da pratica clinica em enfermagem, uma vez que sugere alternativa para o tratamento de flebites, por meio da utilizacao clinica de fitoterapicos.This experimental and dose-response curve study aimed to carry out the quality control of the Chamomilla recutita sample, as well as to estimate the ideal dose, for anti-inflammatory effect, of the extract of its capitula, in patients with phlebitis due to peripheral intravenous infusion of antineoplastic chemotherapy and to evaluate the toxicity of this extract in human beings. The therapeutic efficacy, concerning the anti-inflammatory potential, of different doses of Chamomilla recutita extract were analyzed and compared in 25 patients. The time of regression of phlebitis was shorter for groups with 2.5% concentration (mean=29.2h, standard deviation = 8.98) and 5% concentration (mean = 38.8h, standard deviation = 17.47). Local toxicity was almost not observed. This research contributes to the innovation of the nursing clinical practice, since it suggests an alternative for the treatment of phlebitis through the clinical use of phytotherapeutic drugs.