Kazuya Ishihara

A 99-mm/sup 2/, 0.7-W, single-chip MPEG-2 422P@ML video, audio, and system encoder with a 64-Mbit embedded DRAM for portable 422P@HL encoder system

A scalable single-chip 422P@ML MPEG-2 video, audio, and system encoder LSI for portable 422P@HL system is described. The encoder LSI is implemented using 0.13 /spl mu/m embedded DRAM technology. It integrates 3-M logic gates and 64-Mbit DRAM in an area of 99-mm/sup 2/. The power consumption is suppressed to 0.7-Watts by adopting a low power DRAM core. It performs real-time 422P@ML video encoding, audio encoding, and system encoding with no external DRAM. Furthermore, the encoder LSI realizes a 422P@HL video encoder with multi-chip configuration, due to its scalable architecture. This results in a PC-card size 422P@HL encoder with lowest power consumption for portable HDTV codec system.

A 165-GOPS motion estimation processor with adaptive dual-array architecture for high quality video-encoding applications

A wide range motion estimation with exhaustive search is the best approach for high quality encoding applications. To perform the required computational power, a 165 GOPS (giga operations per second) exhaustive motion estimation processor ME3 has been developed. The ME3 is powerful enough to realize a range of -64/+63 pixels horizontally and -32/+31 pixels vertically with a single chip. A dual-array architecture supports not only high calculation power but also luminance and chrominance based search to increase picture quality. Also, the ME3 outputs extra vectors as candidates to enhance the picture quality. Using a multi-chip configuration, the exhaustive search range can be easily expanded to meet the requirements of MP@HL encoder. It is implemented using 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology and contains 1.9 million transistors in an area of 8.5/spl times/8.5 mm/sup 2/.

Dependable SRAM with enhanced read-/write-margins by fine-grained assist bias control for low-voltage operation

We present a fine-grained assist bias control technique for enhancing read-/write-margins of embedded SRAM in deep-submicron SoC. This technique controls the individual assist bias for finely segmented rows and columns of a cell array with small area overheads. We design and fabricate prototype micro-controller test chips with 1 Mb SRAM using 90-nm low-standby-power CMOS technology. The evaluation results demonstrate that Vmin achieves 0.64 V, which is a 21% improvement compared to the conventionally used technique.

A single-chip MPEG2 422@ML video, audio, and system encoder with a 162-MHz media-processor and dual motion estimation cores

A single chip MPEG2 video, audio, and system encoder for various applications such as PC authoring, DVD-recorder and digital TV has been described. It performs real-time 422@ML video encoding, Dolby Digital (AC-3)/MPEG1 audio encoding, and system encoding which multiplexes the video and audio streams and generates a transport stream or a program stream. The encoder LSI employs an advanced hybrid architecture with a 162-MHz media-processor and dedicated video processing hardware. This architecture not only realizes a complete encoder but also achieves the high flexibility required for improving picture quality. Dual motion estimation cores, fine ME for high search precision and coarse ME for a wide search range, are integrated for optimal motion vector search. The encoder LSI is implemented using 0.25 micron four-metal CMOS technology and integrates 11 million transistors in an area of 14.2/spl times/14.2 mm/sup 2/.

Oxygen Enhanced Dissociation Effect on MOCVD PZT Thin Film

Thls_paper describes the oxygen enhanced dissociation effect of Pb precursors for high-quality MOCVD-WI thin frlm. Bisdipivaloylmethanate lead for Pb soruce material is easily decomposed between Pb and oxygen bond, causing the poor PbO formation. This generates the Pb-poor phase 4 the initial stage of PTII deposition. By enough oxygen gas supply to form PbO sufficiently, the fine surface morphology and the excellent crystallinity are obtained. As a result, excellent polarizationproperties(Pr = 23.6Stclcm2, = 838) are achieved and it enables the application for 1664 Mbit FRAMs. s-tv-8