Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de Almeida

Anti-adherent activity of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil on Candida albicans: an SEM analysis

Objetivo: Avaliar a atividade antiaderente do oleo essencial de Rosmarinus officinalis (Alecrim) sobre Candida albicans (ATCC289065). Metodologia: O oleo essencial de R. officinalis foi avaliado nas concentracoes 0,56 mg/mL; 1,12 mg/mL e 2,25 mg/mL, atraves de Microscopia Eletronica de Varredura (MEV). Adicionou-se, em tubos de vidro estereis: 1 corpo de prova de resina acrilica; 2 mL de caldo Sabouraud-Dextrose; 0,2 mL do inoculo fungico e 2 mL do oleo essencial de R. officinalis nas concentracoes testadas. Agua destilada esteril e nistatina (100.000 UI/mL) funcionaram como controle. Os produtos testados foram adicionados em duas condicoes: junto aos demais componentes do dispositivo de aderencia (t=0h); e apos 24 h da insercao desses componentes (t=24 h). Os tubos foram incubados a 37 oC durante 48 h. Os especimes foram fixados e preparados para analise em MEV. Resultados: Na concentracao 0,56 mg/mL o oleo essencial de R. officinalis, foi semelhante a nistatina (t=0 h e t=24 h). Na concentracao 2,25 mg/mL, o produto natural provocou inibicao significativa da aderencia e rompimento celular. Efeito intermediario foi observado em 1,12 mg/mL. Maior inibicao da aderencia foi observada em t=24 h. Conclusao: O oleo essencial de R. officinalis apresentou atividade antiaderente sobre C. albicans. Maior inibicao da aderencia foi observada para o estado de agregacao celular (t=24 h) e maior concentracao do produto natural.

Atividade antifúngica de extratos vegetais brasileiros sobre cepas de Candida

Objective: To evaluate the antifungal activity of Brazilian plant extracts against strains of Candida albicans (ATCC289065) – C1, C. tropicalis (ATCC40042) – C2 and C. krusei (ATCC40147) – C3. Methods: The evaluated Brazilian plat extracts were represented by essential oils from Citrus aurantium (orange), Citrus limmom (lemon), Citrus reticulata (mandarin), Xylopia brasiliensis (pindaiba), Campomanesia xanthocarpa (guabiroba), Ocimum basilicum (basil) and Cymbopogon martinii (palmarosa). The antifungal activity of essential oils was determined by agar diffusion technique. Fungal suspensions (1.5 x 106 organisms/mL) were sowed in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, over which were distributed discs of sterile paper. The specimens were inundated with 20μL of tested solutions and control in pure formulation. The tests were performed in duplicate and Chlorhexidine Digluconate (0.12%) served as control. The inhibition areas of fungal growth, in millimeters, were measured and analyzed descriptively. Results: For C. aurantium, C. limmom, C. reticulata, X. brasiliensis, C. xanthocarpa, O. basilicum, C. martinii and Chlorhexidine the average of the inhibition zones of growth were, respectively: 14.5, 9.0, 11.5, 11.5, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 22.0 (C1), 16.5, 8.0, 10.5, 9.0, 36.0, 44.0, 36.0, 26,0 (C2), and 40.0, 8.0, 10.0, 9.5, 18.0, 34.0, 36.0, 22.0 (C3). Conclusions: All products tested presented antifungal activity, highlighting the essential oils from C. xanthocarpa, O. basilicum and C. martinii, with greatest inhibition zones of fungal growth. DESCRIPTORS: Biological products. Oral candidiasis. Products with antimicrobial action

ATIVIDADE ANTIFÚNGICA DE ANTISSÉPTICOS BUCAIS SOBRE CANDIDA SPP.

Objective: To verify the in vitro antifungal activity of the mouthwashes Malvatricim® (P1), Colgate Plax® (P2), Oral B®(P3) and Colgate Periogard® (P4) on Candida albicans (ATCC 40277), Candida albicans (ATCC 289065), Candida krusei(ATCC 40147), Candida tropicalis (ATCC 13803) and Candida tropicalis (ATCC 40042). Material and Methods: Fungal suspensions were prepared (106 microrganisms / mL) and seeded on Petri dishes containing Sabouraud Dextrose Agar 4%. It was followed the agar diffusion method by means of the wells technique. Into each well were inserted 50 μL of the products as in their commercial formulation. Nystatin 1:100.000 IU (P5) was used as positive control. The plates were incubated in bacteriological incubator at 37oC for 48h. Tests were performed in triplicate and compared to positive control. The mean diameter of growth inhibition halos (MDGI)promoted by the substances was calculated and represented the antimicrobial activity. Results: P4 has showed the most potent activity against C. albicans (ATCC-289065), C. krusei(ATCC-40147), C. tropicalis (ATCC-40042), and C. tropicalis(ATCC-13803), with MDGI of 15.0mm; 15.0mm; 18.0mm and 14.3mm, respectively. C. albicans strain (ATCC-40277) was the only one susceptible to P1 (MDGI=25.3mm) and resistant to P5. The mouthwashes P2, P3 and P4 have presented antimicrobial activity against all strains assessed. Conclusion: It is concluded that the products under study, excepting Malvatricim®, have showed inhibitory activity on all strains assayed. Colgate Periogard® has presented the best activity on the strains investigated, followed by Colgate Plax®, Oral B® and Malvatricim®. DESCRIPTORS Dental prophylaxis. Microbiology. Fungi.

Screening da Atividade Antifúngica de Óleos Essenciais sobre Candida Albicans

Objective: To evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils from Ocimum basilicum (basil), Cymbopogon martinii(palmarosa), Cyperus articulatus (piprioca), Thymus vulgaris (thyme) and Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon china) on Candida albicans strains. Material and Methods: Eight strains of C. albicans isolated from HIV-positive patients (provided by the Mycology Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraiba) and one pattern strain (ATCC7648) were selected for this study. The antifungal activity was evaluated by the Diffusion Technique on agar Saburaud-Dextrose, using fungal suspensions prepared in saline solution 0.9% (106CFU/mL). Paper discs (6mm) were soaked with 20μL of essential oils and fixed on the agar medium. The incubation was in bacteriological incubator at 37oC for 48h. Antifungal activity was evaluated by the measurement of inhibition zones. Miconazole (50μg/mL) was used as positive control. Results: The values of inhibitions zones produced by the essential oils from O. basilicum, C. martinii, T. vulgaris and C. cassia against the clinical and pattern strains of C. albicans ranged between 27 and 30mm, while the miconazole ranged between 8 and 10mm. Conclusions: In exception of the essential oil from C. articulates, all products tested have showed antifungal activity against the assessed strains of C. albicans. DESCRIPTORS Candida Albicans. Candidiasis. Biological products.

Dose-responses of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Teeth to Infrared LED Irradiation.

Despite several reports regarding tissue regeneration, including pulp repair induced by different light sources, only limited data have been reported concerning the effects of light-emitting diodes (LED) on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different energy densities of infrared LED on the cell viability, number of cells and mineralized tissue production by SHEDs. SHEDs were obtained from near-exfoliation primary teeth (n=3), seeded in plain DMEM (104 cells/cm2), and irradiated by a LED prototype (LEDTable 850 nm, 40 mW/cm2) delivering 0 (control), 2, 4, 8, 15 or 30 J/cm2 (n=9). Cell viability (MTT assay), cell proliferation (trypan blue assay), and mineralized nodule (MN) formation (alizarin red stain) were assessed 12 and 72 h post-irradiation. Data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Cells irradiated with 2 or 4 J/cm2 exhibited higher metabolism at 72 h, and all energy densities provided increase in cell proliferation after 12 h. Regarding MN formation, the best results were observed at 72 h after SHED irradiation with 8 and 15 J/cm2. It was concluded that the cell viability, cell number and MN formation by pulp cells are enhanced after exposure to infrared LED irradiation. Overall, the greatest SHED biostimulation was obtained with 4 and 8 J/cm2.

Avaliação in vivo de Dentifrício Contendo Extrato da Eugenia uniflora L. (Pitanga) sobre Indicadores de Saúde Bucal

Objective: To assess in vivo the effect of using a dentifricevcontaining hydroalcoholic extract of the ripe fruit of Eugenia uniflora L. on the oral health i...

Hyaluronic acid hydrogels incorporating platelet lysate enhance human pulp cell proliferation and differentiation

The restoration of dentine-pulp complex remains a challenge for dentists; nonetheless, it has been poorly addressed. An ideal system should modulate the host response, as well as enable the recruitment, proliferation and differentiation of relevant progenitor cells. Herein was proposed a photocrosslinkable hydrogel system based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet lysate (PL). PL is a cocktail of growth factors (GFs) and cytokines involved in wound healing orchestration, obtained by the cryogenic processing of platelet concentrates, and was expected to provide the HA hydrogels specific biochemical cues to enhance pulp cells’ recruitment, proliferation and differentiation. Stable HA hydrogels incorporating PL (HAPL) were prepared after photocrosslinking of methacrylated HA (Met-HA) previously dissolved in PL, triggered by the Ultra Violet activated photoinitiator Irgacure 2959. Both the HAPL and plain HA hydrogels were shown to be able to recruit cells from a cell monolayer of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) isolated from permanent teeth. The hDPCs were also seeded directly over the hydrogels (5 × 104 cells/hydrogel) and cultured in osteogenic conditions. Cell metabolism and DNA quantification were higher, in all time-points, for PL supplemented hydrogels (p < 0,05). Alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) activity and calcium quantification peaks were observed for the HAPL group at 21 days (p < 0,05). The gene expression for ALPL and COLIA1 was up-regulated at 21 days to HAPL, compared with HA group (p < 0,05). Within the same time point, the gene expression for RUNX2 did not differ between the groups. Overall, data demonstrated that the HA hydrogels incorporating PL increased the cellular metabolism and stimulate the mineralized matrix deposition by hDPSCs, providing clear evidence of the potential of the proposed system for the repair of damaged pulp/dentin tissue and endodontics regeneration.

ATIVIDADE ANTIFÚNGICA DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS SOBRE A CINÉTICA DO CRESCIMENTO DE CANDIDA ALBICANS E CANDIDA TROPICALIS

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of the essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) on the growth kinetics of Candida albicans (ATCC289065) and C. tropicalis (ATCC40042). Methods: Into sterile glass tubes were inserted 1.8 mL of Sabouraud-Dextrose broth, 0.2 mL of antifungal suspensions (1.5 x 106 UFC/mL) and 2 mL of the dilution of R. officinalis essential oil at 2% and 1%. Posteriorly, 10μL of the test solutions were sowed on plates at the times: zero, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. After incubation at 37 ° C for 24 hours, the counting of CFU/mL for each sample was determined. Sodium hypochlorite solution at 0.5% and antimicrobial-free culture media were used as controls. Results: Upon C. albicans and C. tropicalis, R. officinalis intensified microbial death curve at 30 minutes (<3.5 x 104 CFU/mL) and 120 minutes (<9 x 104 CFU/mL), respectively. On C. albicans, statistically significant difference (p<0.01) was found between growth control and total CFU/mL promoted by the test products. Against C. tropicalis, a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) was verified between the effect caused by R. officinalis and the total CFU/mL of growth control and sodium hypochlorite. Conclusion: It was concluded that Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil showed antifungal activity against C. albicans and C. tropicalis, and better effects were observed in a longer contact time. DESCRIPTORES: Microbiology. Rosmarinus officinalis. Candida.

Avaliação de Usuários da Atenção Básica sobre a Implantação de Protocolo de Assistência Integral Odontológica

Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba SP

Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored with Different Types of Intracanal Posts

Objective: To evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with different types of intracanal posts. Material and Methods: Sixty human upper central incisors (n = 60) were divided according to the performance of different protocols for restoration with intracanal posts. Groups without endodontic treatment (NT) and with endodontic treatment (TR) without placement of intracanal posts, served as controls. The experimental groups received endodontic treatment and were restored with: fiberglass post with composite resin filling core (PFV-NP); carbon fiber post with composite resin filling core (PFC-NP); nickel-chromium metal cast and core posts (NiCr); or copper-aluminum metal cast and core posts (CuAl). The specimens were then tested to determine the maximum fracture resistance and the failure types of fracture (infra-crestal and supra-crestal). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α<0.05). Results: Increased fracture resistance was observed for NT group (p<0.05). Within endodontically treated teeth groups, NiCr showed higher resistance to fracture, differing statistically from groups FV+NP and FC+NP (p<0.05). Higher frequency of infra-crestal fractures was observed in NT and TR groups. Conclusion: The installation of nickel-chromium intracanal cast and core posts contributed to higher fracture resistance and lower risk of fractures difficult to repair.