Luciano Picolotto

Presença de folhas no enraizamento de estacas de amoreira-preta

The propagation of blackberry can be done in a sexual or asexual form, being used in commercial production. Use of shoot cuttings has the advantage of the use of materials removed from the plant at the time of pruning, but shows variability in rooting and sprouting. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of the presence of leaves on the rooting of three cultivars of blackberry. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications, making a 3x2 factorial, with the cultivar factor represented by three levels (Guarani, Tupy and Xavante) and the factor presence of leaf, for two levels (cutting with and without leaves). The assessments done 115 days after the experiment were: percentage of live cuttings, rooted and callus; longest root length and number of roots per cutting, sprouting length and number of sprouting per cutting, dry mass of sprouting and roots. The cultivars Tupy and Xavante have higher rooting percentage than Guarani, beyond root system of better quality. The presence of leaves provides more rooting of hardwood cuttings of blackberry, being essential for the propagation of cultivars Guarani, Tupy and Xavante through this method.

Adubação nitrogenada e características agronômicas em amoreira-preta

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of increasing doses of nitrogen on vegetative growth, yield and leaf nutrient levels of blackberry (Rubus spp.). The experiment was carried out with the cultivars Tupy and Xavante, in southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2008 to 2012. It was used a randomized block design, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of five N doses (0.0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5 and 30.0 g per plant), applied as maintenance fertilization after the crop establishment. The following variables were evaluated: cane density, pruned dry mass, chlorophyll index, yield, number of fruit, and nutritional composition of leaves for N, K, Ca, Mg and S. The fertilization treatments significantly influenced the vegetative growth, yield, and nutrient composition of leaves. The cultivars responded differently to nitrogen application, with Tupy being more demanding than Xavante. The currently recommended nitrogen rate for blackberry cultivation is suitable for maximum yield of Xavante, but it is not sufficient for Tupy.

Desenvolvimento vegetativo e produtivo da cultivar 'Maciel' em diferentes porta-enxertos

The use of an appropriate rootstock depends on the knowledge of its affinity with the cultivar scion as well as its influence on liveliness and productiveness. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the vegetative and -productive development, and fruit quality of the cv. Study was to evaluate the vegetative growth, fruit production and quality of cv. Maciel grafted on different peach rootstocks. The cultivars used as rootstocks were seeds from industry, Capdeboscq, Aldrighi, Tsukuba 1, a clone of Okinawa, Okinawa clone 12, and Rubira Nemaguard and as canopy it was used cv Maciel. It was measured trunk diameter, canopy volume, amount of chlorophyll, pruning intensity, productivity, mass, and color of pulp fruit firmness, TSS, TA and TSS/TA ratio. The experimental design was randomized blocks with eight levels for the factor rootstock, each consisting of three replications with five plants per replicate. It was observed in the last assessment in 2008, the difference in diameter of the trunk between the rootstocks, especially Industria (47.2mm) and Tsukuba (46.8mm). In the canopy volume the highlight among the rootstocks occurred with Industria (1,60m³) and Nemaguard (1,63m³). The amount of chlorophyll was similar with Nemaguard, Tsukuba 1, Okinawa clone 1, Rubira and Industria. Fruit weight was greater with Rubira (143g) and Tsukuba (135g) in 2007 and in 2008 and in 2008 most Okinawa clone 12 (73g), Capdeboscq (83g), Aldrighi (81g) and Nemaguard (82g). There was variation in productivity in production cycles, the highlight occurred in 2007 with Tsukuba 1 (0.32ton ha-1) and in 2008 with Industry (8.6tons ha-1). With the Okinawa clone 12 it was observed higher firmness (12.1 and 11.8 pounds in 2007 and 2008, respectively). Highest TSS / ATT stood out with Tsukuba 1 (18.3). Based on the differential responses it was concluded that the vegetative growth and fruit quality of cv. Maciel are affected by the rootstocks.

PRODUCTION, PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL QUALITY AND BIOATIVE COMPOUNDS OF MISTY BLUEBERRY FRUIT UNDER DIFFERENT PRUNING INTENSITIES

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de intensidades de poda na producao e na qualidade dos frutos de mirtileiro. O material vegetal utilizado foi mirtileiro da cultivar Misty. O fator estudado foi poda, em diferentes intensidades: sem poda; poda leve; poda-testemunha e poda drastica. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repeticoes. Foram avaliadas a producao total de frutos, o tamanho de frutos, as caracteristicas fisico-quimicas como: pH, teor de solidos soluveis totais (SST) e acidez total titulavel (ATT), os compostos bioativos como: compostos fenolicos, antocianinas totais e atividade antioxidante. As plantas que receberam poda drastica apresentaram maiores medias em producao e tamanho de frutos. As maiores concentracoes de compostos fitoquimicos no mirtilo ocorreram a medida que a poda foi mais drastica. O uso de diferentes intensidades de poda pode modificar o comportamento produtivo e a qualidade pos-colheita dos frutos.

Quebra de dormência e cultivo protegidona produção de plantas de mirtileiro

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da epoca de aplicacao da cianamida hidrogenada (CH) em tunel baixo e campo aberto, na producao e no desenvolvimento de plantas de mirtileiro. O experimento consistiu na aplicacao de cianamida hidrogenada em quatro epocas (29-06-12, 09-07-12, 19-07-12, 30-07-12) e dois sistemas de cultivo (tunel baixo e campo aberto), alem de um tratamento adicional ou testemunha (sem aplicacao de CH). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com tres repeticoes, sendo a cultivar utilizada a Powderblue. As variaveis analisadas foram: inicio da floracao, porcentagem de brotacao, comprimento de ramo, massa seca das folhas, teor de clorofila, producao, massa media de frutos, diâmetro medio de frutos, solidos soluveis. A aplicacao de CH em 29-06 e 09-07 antecipou a floracao e a producao. Ja a brotacao foi antecipada quando a CH foi aplicada em 09-07 e 19-07. Em relacao aos sistemas de cultivo, observou-se que o tunel baixo antecipou a floracao e aumentou a producao. Conclui-se que a aplicacao de cianamida hidrogenada, no final de junho/inicio de julho, antecipa o inicio da floracao, da brotacao e da producao, bem como o uso do tunel baixo que antecipa a floracao e aumenta a producao.