Luís Tarcísio Salgado

Efeito de diferentes períodos de ocupação da pastagem de capim-elefante sobre a produção de leite

Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum. cv. Napier) pastures were grazed by lactating dairy cows with the aim of assessing the best grazing period to maximize milk production. Three grazing periods (1, 3 and 5 days, with 30 days resting) were tested using a randomized block design, with two replications, during three years. Each paddock was grazed by 4 milking cows. During the experimental period, the cows received individually 2,0 kg/day of a concentrate mixture. Esti- mates of forage availability and quality, plant height, ground cover and milk production, were re- corded. Results showed that available forage and quality and milk production were not influenced by the three different grazing periods. Average milk production/cow/day in the rainy season were 10.9, 10.8 and 10.8 kg and the average milk yields per hectare were 7,848, 7,800 and 7,776 kg/ha for 1, 3 or 5 grazing days, respectively (P>0.05). The largest flotations in dairy milk yield per cow occurred in the five grazing days treatment, explained for both forage availability and quality decreases along the grazing period on each paddock.

Produtividade e estado nutricional do quiabeiro em função da densidade populacional e do biofertilizante suíno

The objective of this work was to evaluate yield and nutritional status of organically cultivated Santa Cruz okra as a function of planting densities and doses of swine biofertilizer. The experiment was carried out at the EPAMIG Experimental Farm, in Oratorios-MG, Brazil, from 16/10/2007 to 22/02/2008. The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks, with four replications, in a 2 x 5 factorial, with two plant populations and five doses of biofertilizer obtained by the fermentation of liquid swine waste. The two populations were 23809 and 35714 plants.ha-1, obtained in the 1.4 x 0.30 m spacing with a plant per hole and 1.4 x 0.40 m with two plants per hole. Biofertilizer doses were: 0; 6; 12; 24 and 48 m3.ha-1, with 80% applied in furrow 15 days before transplantation and 20% top-dressing at 30 days after seedling transplantation. The characteristics evaluated included nutrient leaf content, SPAD index, plant height, number of stems and production of commercial and non-commercial fruits. The use o the swine biofertilizer gave plants with a good nutritional status. The SPAD index correlated positively with N leaf content, with the highest concentrations at the highest doses of the swine biofertilizer, mainly in the smallest plant population. The number and commercial fruit production per plant were larger when a smaller plant population was used. The highest yield achieved in the population of 35714 plants ha-1 was 31.23 ton ha-1, and in the population of 23809 plant.ha-1 was 21.9 ton ha-1, both at the highest dose of biofertilizer. The highest commercial yield of okra fruits was obtained with the largest plant population.

Produtividade e exportação de nutrientes em beterraba cultivada com cobertura morta e adubação orgânica

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of soil cover and doses of sludge from sedimentation pond of swine wastewater on yield and nutrient export in sugar beet cultivar Early Wonder. The experiment was conducted at the Vale do Piranga Experimental Farm belonging to EPAMIG Zona da Mata in Oratorios (MG), from 07/08/08 to 09/11/08. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot in randomized block design with four replications. The main plots consisted of three types of mulching: sugarcane bagasse, coffee husk and without any cover, and the subplots of five doses of sludge: 0, 10, 20, 40 and 60 t ha-1. At 70 days after transplanting, harvest was carried out. Mulching with coffee husk provided the highest root unit weight and increased yield of commercial roots, independent of the sludge dose. The most exported nutrients by the shoots were Ca, Mg and S, while N, P and K were the most exported by the roots. With a population of 400,000 plants ha-1and yield of 34.22 t ha-1, the mean quantities of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S exported by the roots were 140, 24, 180, 8, 17 and 5 kg ha-1and 371, 435, 320, 74 and 250 g ha-1of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B respectively.

Rendimento de pimentão em função da adubação orgânica e mineral

This experiment was carried out in a field in Oratorios, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization associated to mineral fertilization on the production of pepper. The experiment was arranged in the randomized block design, with four replications, in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme; four doses of organic fertilizer (0; 30; 60 and 90 t ha-1) three doses of mineral fertilization (0; 750 and 1500 kg ha-1 of the NPK 4-14-8 formulation applied to furrows at planting). Twenty-eight pepper seedlings, cultivar Magda, were distributed into each 14 m2 plot, at 1.0x0.5 m spacing. Nutrient contents were evaluated in the leaves at the beginning of flowering, production of total, commercial and non-commercial fruits were determined. Commercial fruits were classified based on the length and diameter, into extra, special and first class. The extra class accounted for most of the commercial fruit production. Fertilization with organic compost was efficient for pepper nutrition, increasing pepper yield. The mineral fertilizer had additional effect for fruit production. The highest yield of commercial fruits was estimated when associated 84.43 t ha-1 of composed organic with the highest dose of mineral fertilizer.

Fermentação de esterco de suínos para uso como adubo orgânico

Os principais objetivos deste trabalho, foram: avaliar o processo de fermentacao do esterco solido de suinos, fazer a caracterizacao fisica, quimica e microbiologica dos adubos orgânicos produzidos e identificar o tempo ideal de fermentacao. Esterco solido de suinos, proveniente da separacao mecânica, foi arranjado em pilhas de 2,0 m3, sem cobertura e com cobertura com lona plastica e as pilhas foram revolvidas quinzenalmente e umedecidas sempre que necessario, com monitoramento diario da temperatura. Pela analise das caracteristicas temperatura, relacao C:N e pH, verificou-se que o tempo de fermentacao de 65 dias foi suficiente para maturacao do esterco com caracteristicas quimicas e fisicas adequadas. Houve aumento na concentracao de nutrientes, exceto do zinco, durante a fermentacao, o que melhorou a qualidade do esterco de suinos. O periodo de 84 dias de fermentacao foi suficiente para reduzir a populacao de coliformes, da ordem de 99,90%, comparada com populacao inicial. Nao foi constatada a presenca de Salmonella sp e Listeria monocytogenes em nenhuma das amostras do esterco de suinos em fermentacao.

Produção de milho-verde em resposta ao efeito residual da adubação orgânica do quiabeiro em cultivo subsequente

Crop rotation is an essential practice in vegetable production to control pests and diseases and it has also beenused to recover residual fertilizer . This work aimed to evaluate the residual ef fect of or ganic fertilization of okra on yieldof green corn ears in a subsequent cultivation. Okra was sown in two plant populations and fertilized with liquid swinebiofertilizer at the rates: 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 m