Maiza Araújo Cordão

Efeito da suplementação com Blocos Multinutricionais sobre o desempenho e características de carcaça de ovinos e caprinos na Caatinga

This study evaluated the performance and carcass characteristics and non carcass constituents of sheep and goats foraging in the caatinga rangeland, supplemented with multi-nutrients blocks (MBs). The experiment was carried out at EMEPA Experimental Station in Soledade-PB, Brazil, according to a completely randomized design with 3x2 factorial treatments (three levels of supplementation of animal foraging in the caatinga rangeland: S1 = mineral salt; S2 = MBs, and S3 = MBs + buffel grass hay, and 2 species: sheep and goat) and 10 replications of one animal. Mean daily and total weight gain (MDWG and TWG) showed to be higher for animals supplemented with salt, and it was higher for sheep (MDWG=104.83 g and TWG=11. 32 kg) than for goats (MDWG=92.90 g and TWG=10.04 kg). Slaughtering weight (SW), hot carcass (HCW) and cold carcass (CCW) weights were higher for animals supplemented with mineral salt. Empty body weight (EBW), biological yield (BY), commercial yield (CY), true yield (TY) and loss by cooling (LC) were not affected by supplementation levels. Sheep SW=27.62 kg was higher than goat SW=25.34, while BR, CR and VR were higher for goats. There were significant (P<0.05) effects of supplementation levels on yield (%) of weight of the full gastrointestinal tract (IGTc), weight of the empty gastrointestinal tract (IGTv), liver, heart and kidneys. Supplementation with multi-nutrient blocks alone or in conjunction with low quality hay for sheep and goats grazing in the caatinga rangeland with satisfactory forage quantity and quality does not result in significant productivity gains.

Regime alimentar para ganho compensatório de ovinos em confinamento: desempenho produtivo e morfometria do rúmen e do intestino delgado

The aim was evaluate the effect of diet for compensatory growth on performance, empty weight body, weight of abiotic components, weight and proportion of TGI and morphology of the rumen and small intestine of lambs feedlot. Thus, we used 40 Santa Ines non castrated male lambs, housed in individual pens. The containment was divided into two distinct periods of 42 days: a food restriction, with four treatments (0, 20, 40 and 60% restriction), and a feedback loop, where all the animals were fed again without restriction. At the end of the period of confinement they were slaughtered to measure the weight of TGI, weight and abiotic components for obtaining fragments of the rumen and small intestine, which were subsequently used for the preparation of histological slides used to evaluate the morphology of the papillae rumen and the intestinal villi and crypts (μm). The variables for performance, slaughter weight, empty body weight and weight of TGI decreased as they increased the level of prior restraint. The width of the rumen papillae decreased ranging from 555.7 to 470.3μm; the area of increased intestinal villi ranged from 81042.8 to 92033.7μm2. The diet for compensatory gain decreases weight gain, slaughter weight, empty body weight and the weight of the gastrointestinal tract of Santa Ines lambs, besides affecting the morphology of rumen papillae and villi of the small intestine.

Substitution of Pennisetum purpureum by Opuntia ficus-indica and Mimosa tenuiflora in the diet of lambs

Os objetivos deste estudo foram quantificar a digestibilidade aparente dos componentes da dieta e o desempenho de cordeiros alimentados com niveis crescentes de uma mistura balanceada (peso) de farelo de Opuntia ficus indicae e feno de Mimosa tenuiflora em substituicao a 0, 33 e 67% do feno Pennisetum purpureum, em uma dieta com 60% de volumoso e 40% de concentrado, formulada para um ganho de peso diario de 150 g/animal. O experimento foi conduzido na UFCG, Patos-PB, usando 18 cordeiros inteiros com (20,4±1,16) kg (peso medio±EP). O CD da MS, MO, PB, EE e dos carboidratos totais foram afetados pelos niveis da mistura (P 0,05). A inclusao da mistura afetou linear e positivamente o ganho de peso medio diario (120, 149 e 170g/animal, respectivamente para 0, 33 e 67% de substituicao do feno de P. purpureum), e o consumo de MS, MO, PB, carboidratos totais e nao fibrosos. A mistura balanceada do farelo de Opuntia ficus indica e do feno de Mimosa tenuiflora pode substituir ate 67% da fracao volumosa (P. purpureum) da dieta de cordeiros Santa Ines e melhorar o ganho de peso medio diario em 50g/animal.

Rendimentos de carcaça e constituintes não carcaça de caprinos e ovinos de diferentes genótipos

Foram avaliadas caracteristicas relativas ao peso dos animais e ao rendimento de carcaca e dos nao constituintes da carcaca de diferentes genotipos de caprinos e ovinos em pastejo na caatinga. Foram utilizados 40 animais machos, nao castrados, com idade media de 120 dias e peso vivo inicial medio de 18,76 kg, sendo 10 caprinos SPRD, 10 mesticos Boer (½ Boer x ½ SPDR), 10 ovinos SPRD e 10 mesticos Dorper (½ Dorper x ½ SPRD). O peso inicial, peso final, ganho de peso medio diario e ganho de peso total nao diferiram estatisticamente entre os genotipos, assim como as variaveis peso vivo apos jejum, peso corporal vazio, peso de carcaca quente, peso de carcaca fria, perda por resfriamento, rendimento verdadeiro, rendimento biologico e rendimento comercial. O peso do trato gastrintestinal cheio (TGIC) (g), sangue, coracao e baco (g) foram significativamente diferentes, onde os mesticos Dorper foram superiores que os caprinos SPRD, enquanto que TGIC (%), trato gastrintestinal vazio, figado, baco (%) e rins nao foram afetados pelos genotipos. O aparelho reprodutor, aparelho respiratorio (g), patas (%) e cauda foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os genotipos, tendo os mesticos Dorper maiores medias, com excecao das patas (%). O peso e o rendimento dos nao constituintes da carcaca, comestiveis e nao comestiveis, em sua maioria, nao foram afetados pelos genotipos.

Biometria, morfometria e composição regional da carcaça de caprinos e ovinos de diferentes genótipos

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biometric, carcass morphometric and the regional composition of different genotypes of sheep and goats Without Defined Racial Standard (WDRS) and mestizos of Boer and Dorper, respectively, grazing in the Caatinga. This work was developed in Pendencia Experimental Station belonging to the Agricultural Research Corporation of Paraiba S.A. Were used 40 male animals, not castrated, with average age of 120 days and average initial weight of 18.76 kg. The animals remain under grazing in the bush with power of native forage and water disposal and protein salt ad libitum. The WDRS sheep showed higher values for forward height (FH) and posterior height (PH). Body length (BL), the WDRS sheep gained superiority, with similarities to the Dorper crossbred and smaller values for the WDRS goats and Boer crossbred. The half carcass weight, leg, loin and neck yield were significantly different in genotypes (P 0.05). The crossbred sheep Dorper with body measurements obtained better than the crossbred goats or Without Defined Racial Standard.

Medidas corporais e da carcaça de ovinos suplementados com diferentes níveis de sal forrageiro de faveleira

A suplementacao e uma importante forma de complementar a alimentacao dos animais de producao. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a inclusao de diferentes niveis de sal forrageiro nas medidas de biometria e morfometria da carcaca de ovinos mesticos Santa Ines x Dorper. Foram utilizados 30 ovinos machos, mesticos, com aproximadamente 150 dias de idade, os quais foram confinados em baias individuais. F oram distribuidos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e seis repeticoes. Foram a limentados com feno de capim tifton-85 (FCT-85), agua e sal forrageiro de favela ( Cnidoscolus quercifolius) ad libitum . Apos a pesagem final e imediatamente antes do abate dos animais, procedeu-se, com auxilio de uma regua antropometrica e uma fita metrica, as avaliacoes biometricas dos animais e apos o abate, foram mensuradas as medidas externas e internas da carcaca. Nao houve diferenca estatistica (P<0,05) entre os niveis de sal forrageiro nas caracteristicas de biometria e as medidas morfometricas nao foram afetadas estatisticamente com a inclusao do sal forrageiro de favela. Concluiu-se que a inclusao de ate 99% do feno de faveleira nao alterou as caracteristicas de biometria e morfometria das carcaca de ovinos mesticos Santa Ines. DOI: 10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v17n1p1-6

Carcass muscularity and adiposity of different sheep and goat genotypes

Carcass muscularity and adiposity of different goat and sheep genotypes grazing in the Caatinga rangeland were evaluated. A total of 40 uncastrated males, with an initial average age and body weight of 120 days and 18.76 kg, respectively, were used: 10 mixed breed goats (MB), 10 cross Boer goats (½ Boer x ½ MB), 10 MB sheep and 10 cross Dorper sheep (½ Dorper x ½ MB). The cross Dorper had higher mean scores for rib eye area, leg muscularity index, weight of total muscles of the leg and conformation compared to MB goats. There was no significant difference between genotypes for the meat texture. Meat color was darker for goat genotypes than for sheep genotypes. The quantitative aspects of carcass adiposity, renal fat, inguinal fat, and subcutaneous and total leg fat showed to be higher for sheep than for goat genotypes. Carcass finishing and leg compactness index were superior for the cross Dorper genotype. Carcass muscularity and adiposity were better in sheep than in goat genotypes, indicating that sheep have a greater muscle and fat tissue development, giving to them a greater potential for beef production.