Marc Clarà
University of Lleida
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Featured researches published by Marc Clarà.
Distance Education | 2013
Marc Clarà; Elena Barberà
In this reflection, we discuss the connectivist conception of learning in Web 2.0 environments, which underpins the pedagogy of what are known as cMOOCs (connectivist massive open online courses). We argue that this conception of learning is inadequate and problematic, and we propose that cultural psychology is best suited to address the explanatory challenges that Web 2.0 poses on learning, and therefore, it is also best suited to provide massive open online courses with more adequate and less problematic pedagogy. We suggest two initial and general pedagogical principles based on cultural psychology upon which to begin building this new pedagogy for massive open online courses.
Journal of Teacher Education | 2015
Marc Clarà
The notion of reflection nowadays is considered crucial in the field of teaching and teacher education. However, although the great majority of approaches to reflection are grounded on the same main theoretical sources, the meaning of this notion is unanimously recognized in the field to be ambiguous. This article aims to look for clarity about what reflection is, what it is not, and how it works, by closely revisiting the seminal works of Dewey, Schön, and Wertheimer. It is argued that reflection is a descriptive notion—not a prescriptive one—and that it refers to the thinking process engaged in giving coherence to an initially unclear situation. The article then identifies some aspects of how reflection works, and some current widespread assumptions about reflection, which are insufficiently warranted, either theoretically in the writings of Dewey or Schön or empirically in the observations of reflection processes.
Infancia Y Aprendizaje | 2010
Marc Clarà; Teresa Mauri
Resumen La conceptualización tradicional de las relaciones entre conocimiento teórico y práctica educativa no puede responder a las incongruencias reiteradamente identificadas entre uno y otra. En este artículo se postula que una reconceptualización de estas relaciones desde una epistemología constructivista abre prometedores caminos para el avance, e implica la consideración de lo que hemos denominado de forma genérica “conocimiento práctico”. Desde un punto de vista psicológico, el conocimiento práctico y sus relaciones con el conocimiento teórico y con la práctica puede ser conceptualizado de distintas formas. En este artículo revisamos brevemente cuatro de estas conceptualizaciones, la última de las cuales constituye nuestra propia hipótesis de trabajo.
computer supported collaborative learning | 2010
Marc Clarà; Teresa Mauri
The research field of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) includes a large variety of approaches which present significant theoretical and methodological differences. This diversity complicates the articulation of the knowledge that is produced within this investigative framework. The paper addresses this problem from a dialectic view. We propose that the main reason for this problem is not the theoretical and methodological diversity itself, but rather the difficulty of situating one specific result within this diversity in a way that makes dialectic relations between results visible and mutual transformation of the approaches possible. In the present paper, we propose a set of indicators, applicable to content analysis approaches, aimed to facilitate this reciprocal positioning of the results in the field. These indicators come from what we term “critical methodological aspects”: those aspects of the methodological infrastructure that are directly related to theoretical positions. We consider three critical methodological aspects in content analysis schemes: the units of analysis, the relations to be established, and the dimensions of analysis. Indicators regarding these aspects are proposed and defined, and their use for facilitating dialectical relations between results is exemplified by means of the examination of five specific approaches.
Mind, Culture, and Activity | 2016
Marc Clarà
ABSTRACT In this article I discuss the difference between Vygotsky’s and Vasilyuk’s uses of the term perezhivanie. Arguably, this difference may have contributed to some of the current ambiguity regarding the notion of perezhivanie in cultural psychology. In short, I propose that Vasilyuk’s perezhivanie can be understood as a special type of activity, whereas Vygotsky’s perezhivanie can be better understood as a special type of meaning. I also propose that Vasilyuk’s perezhivanie consists primarily of the semiotic transformation of Vygotsky’s perezhivanie. After offering conceptual clarifications and examples based on Vygotsky’s and Vasilyuk’s writings, I illustrate these two notions of perezhivanie with a case of a teacher faced with pupils’ disruptions in class. In this illustrative case, my analysis of the semiotic transformation of Vygotsky’s perezhivanie during Vasilyuk’s perezhivanie is based on the semiotic theory of Greimas.
International Scholarly Research Notices | 2012
Elena Barberà; Marc Clarà
Time has been argued by several influential approaches as essential for understanding learning and teaching processes. In e-learning, however, the traditional time limits of such processes are modified, which implies challenges and possibilities for e-learning research. This paper is aimed at understanding how time is included in empirical e-learning research literature. With this aim in mind, the paper presents a qualitative review of 24 e-learning papers. Five issues are analysed: the conception of time, its inclusion in an explicative model, its inclusion in the research process, the analytical units, and the data used in the study of time. Based on our analysis, we discuss some implications and potentialities for e-learning research on the relations between time and learning.
Infancia Y Aprendizaje | 2010
Marc Clarà; Teresa Mauri
Resumen En el presente artículo se discuten, desde nuestra propia hipótesis de los artefactos prácticos, algunas de las aportaciones, propuestas y críticas planteadas en los artículos de Castello (2010), Coll (2010), Cubero (2010), Pérez-Gómez (2010), Pozo et al. (2010) y Sánchez y Mena (2010) respecto al constructo genérico de conocimiento práctico, y respecto a las relaciones entre conocimiento práctico, conocimiento teórico y práctica.
Infancia Y Aprendizaje | 2011
Teresa Mauri; Marc Clarà; Ana Remesal
Resumen Desde la irrupción de las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación (TIC), el uso de tareas de escritura colaborativa mediante comunicación asíncrona escrita se ha incrementado en todos los niveles educativos, y especialmente en la educación superior. Las condiciones operacionales de este tipo de colaboración sugieren la existencia de formas de construcción conjunta de significados y de características discursivas específicas. Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre la colaboración entre estudiantes universitarios para elaborar conjuntamente un texto comunicándose por escrito y asincrónicamente. Se estudian cuatro casos de escritura colaborativa en pequeño grupo durante seis semanas. El análisis se focaliza en la naturaleza del discurso, en la construcción de significados compartidos, y en el avance de la intersubjetividad entre los participantes. Los resultados permiten identificar fases de intersubjetividad distintas en las que la construcción de significados funciona de manera diferenciada, y en las que el discurso toma formas específicas.
Infancia Y Aprendizaje | 2013
Teresa Mauri; Marc Clarà; Anna Ginesta; Rosa Colomina
Resumen La investigación, de carácter exploratorio, tiene como objetivo el estudio de un equipo docente universitario como una comunidad que ofrece un conjunto de oportunidades no formalizadas de aprendizaje. Dicho estudio se ha realizado con un enfoque fenomenográfico a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas a un 40%o de los miembros de un equipo docente universitario con experiencias, situaciones contractuales y situaciones laborales diversas. Se elicitaron categorías a partir de los datos transcritos de las entrevistas y se llevó a cabo un análisis de contenido. El análisis mostró que los participantes identificaban determinadas actividades y características del equipo como proveedoras de aprendizaje. Asimismo mostró que entre los miembros de distintas posiciones existían coincidencias y diferencias respecto al reconocimiento de determinadas situaciones como potenciadoras de aprendizaje. Los miembros de las distintas posiciones señalan diferentes causas que hacen posible este aprendizaje. Cabe seguir profundizando en la caracterización del lugar de trabajo y, en especial, de los equipos docentes universitarios, no únicamente como unidades de participación sino también de construcción de conocimiento y, particularmente, de conocimiento profesional.
Archive | 2016
Nick Kelly; Marc Clarà; Benjamin Kehrwald; Patrick Alan Danaher
This chapter provides a methodological foundation for analysing the learning networks of PSTs and ECTs. It describes the motivations for adopting a design-based research (DBR) methodology, on the basis that such an approach encourages participation and enables iterative design and epistemological fluidity during the course of the research, as well as producing design principles that are transferable beyond the immediate context. A framework for analysing learning networks is distilled from the concepts from previous chapters. Educational data mining and qualitative analysis are considered in this context for evaluating learning networks, including users’ experiences within these networks, and for informing the design-based research process. The chapter sets out the programme of Chapters 7 and 8 to describe a DBR project investigating support for ECTs through a learning network.